corner (neither school within a half a mile of any building), they were satisfied, and became almost unanimously in favor of locating the school on the State farm. We shall take charge tomorrow, as before stated (the first of July), and commence building as soon as possible. We hope to show some progress this year. We contemplate erecting the school buildings something after the plan of those at Jamesburg, N. J., with which our chairman is much pleased.

I simply make this statement to show how all our State institutions, including the Reform School, are coming under one supervision and management - a state of things peculiar to Rhode Island, so far as I know. It is economical, for we find that the weekly cost of supporting the inmates of the Workhouse, Almshouse and Asylum for the Insane, the past year, has been about $1.50 per capita.

NEW YORK. BY DR. HOYT AND DR. ROGERS.

Dr. Horr: It is not my purpose to take any time. Mr. Ogden is here representing the State Asylum at Willard; also, Dr. Rogers, representing the County Superintendents of the Poor, and I suggest that they be called on for the report from New York.

Dr. ROGERS: I thank you for the compliment you have bestowed on the State of New York. I am here a delegate from the Superintendents of New York, with no local interest to present to this National Conference of Charities. I come here to present the claims of a charity that takes the whole world in; a charity that should move every man's and every woman's heart. I desire to open the great field of charity in behalf of the wandering emigrant. The decisions of the Supreme Court have placed this question of protection to the emigrant out of the hands of the States, and, for this reason, I desire to offer, briefly, that which I am sent to present. I, therefore, to fulfil my duty, would make the following motion in reference to this charity which affects the people of all nations, asking to have a committee appointed, that I may be enabled to submit the documents that have been presented to me to bring before this Conference. I move that a committee of three be appointed to consider the special subject of immigration.

The Chair then appointed the following Committee to consider and report on immigration: Dr. David Rogers, N. Y.; Hon. William A. Grimshaw, Pittsfield, Ill., and Hon. Lewis Peterson, Jr., Allegheny, Pa. This report was made at the afternoon session, as follows:

"Your Committee respectfully recommend the appointment of a Permanent Committee on Immigration, whose duty

shall be to call the attention of Congress to the present condition of the Immigration Laws, resulting from the decisions of the

Supreme Court of the United States, declaring State laws on that subject unconstitutional and void; and to impress upon Congress the necessity for speedy legislation in regard thereto."

The report was adopted and the Committee discharged.

Dr. H. B. Wilbur, Superintendent of the New York State Asylum for Idiots, then brought up the subject of training idiots, by reading an extract from a report on the subject by Dr. Ireland, of Scotland, before the Medico-Psychological Society there. Rev. J. L. Milligan moved that a Committee on Idiocy and Imbecility be appointed, and that the Business Committee be instructed to report such committee when they report nominations to the Conference at a future session. (Carried.) Mr. Milligan, Recording Secretary, read the following letter, and laid upon the table the pamphlet therein spoken of:

LETTER OF MISS SCHUYLER.

STATE CHARITIES AID ASSOCIATION,

6 EAST 1880.}

To the President of the Conference of Charities and Correction: At a meeting of our Executive Committee, held today, regrets were expressed that it would be impossible, this year, to send delegates to the Conference of Charities, which meets at Cleveland on the 29th inst. The Association will follow the proceedings of the Conference with much interest, especially any action which may be taken in behalf of the insane. The accompanying pamphlet, entitled, "Suggestions for the use of Visitors to the Insane," being a brief essay on the care and cure of insane patients, was issued by the Association a fortnight ago (S. C. Asso., Pubs., No. 22), and we would respectfully ask that it be considered by the Conference as the contribution of the Association towards this most important subject, the better care and treatment of the insane.

Believe me, very respectfully,

LOUISA LEE SCHUYLER, PRESIDENT.

The PRESIDENT: This is one of a series of ten pamphlets this energetic Association has issued upon the general subject which it considers, and I see that the author is a lady with whose name I am familiar, Mrs. Florence Bayard Lockwood, a sister of Senator Bayard, of Delaware. Like most of the publications of this Association, it contains what should carry authority, and very much food for thought.

Mr. Giles, of Wisconsin, called on Dr. J. C. Corbus, of Illinois, to read his paper on "The Medical Charities of Cook County, Ill.," which was done.

REPORT FROM KANSAS LETTER OF MR. FAULKNER.

OSAWATOMIE, KAS., JUNE 29, 1880. To the President of the Conference of Charities, Cleveland, Ohio: Our Board is in session at this place, and we regret that, owing to important building operations in progress, and the transaction of pressing business to be closed with the fiscal year ending on the 30th inst., none of our number are able to attend the convention at Cleveland. The conduct of our institutions remains substan

tially the same as reported at the last Conference. The last Legislature imposed upon us the task of constructing and equipping a reform school, and reporting a law for the government thereof, and appropriated for the purpose the sum of $35,000. A suitable site of 160 acres was donated by the city of Topeka and the county of Shawnee, and the erection of a three-story building, 57x127, double-cottage style, with executive department in centre, is now in progress. The open family system is adopted; and cottages, arranged convenient to a general kitchen, and central system for water supply, steam-heating, sewerage, etc., will be erected as future needs demand. Appropriations of $6,000 for the blind and $16,000 for the deaf and dumb institutions, on building account, have furnished us with increased and ample accommodation for these classes; and the contracts for these improvements have been performed in a satisfactory manner. An appropriation of $150,000 was also made for the completion of the asylum at this place, by the erection of the west wing and suitable barns and outside buildings; and this work is well in hand, and will increase our total asylum capacity in Kansas to 550. Further appropriations will be asked for next winter, to extend work on the Topeka asylum. A fire, early in March last, occasioned by the connection of steam-pipes with wood-work, destroyed the central building at this point, and fully demonstrated the necessity of protecting steam-pipes from contact with wood. The fire originated in the upper part of the building, and, notwithstanding an abundant water-supply, it could not be subdued until the central building was destroyed. The flames were cut off from other parts by concentrating efforts in the connecting corridors. Total loss, about $20,000. Fortunately, our saving on contracts for the completion of the asylum has enabled us to replace this building. No disasters accompanied the fire, and many of the patients rendered valuable service in the emergency. We desire in this matter to urge upon the Conference the advisability of putting in motion some plan of uniform effort to secure State supervision over the construction of jails, almshouses, etc., so far as the sanitary arrangements are concerned. We also request the appointment of an Inter-State committee to consider laws of settlement. Other matters suggest themselves which will undoubtedly be fully considered. We look for strong recommendations for changes in methods of practice in probate courts in their jurisdiction over insane people, and hope that the custom of sending insane people from counties to State hospitals in charge of sheriff's will be condemned. Many patients are impressed by forms of trial in probate courts, detention in jails, and supervision of sheriffs, that they are regarded as criminals, and our hospitals to them take on the forms of prisons. Instances of this kind have not been rare in Kansas.

We shall look with interest for the report of your deliberations.

Respectfully yours,

C. E. FAULKNER, Sec'y Kansas State Board Charities.

MINNESOTA. BY MR. CHASE.

Mr. Milligan, Recording Secretary, made the following communication from Minnesota :

To the Conference of Charities, Cleveland, Ohio:

This society for the relief of the poor is the only one of the kind in the State. It is under the management of the very first men and women of the city, is very popular, and amply supported by contributions from business men. As it is the only society that keeps a central office of record, it has become the headquarters of all the other societies.

We also have an Orphan Asylum, Home for the Friendless, two Magdalen Societies, one located here in St. Paul, the other in Minneapolis, carried on for the purposes indicated by their names, and at an annual expense of about $2,000 each. Aside from the above there are numerous Catholic, Masonic, I. O. O. F., Druids, and church organizations, whose sphere of action is mostly confined to themselves.

Our State institutions are as follows: State Reform School for both boys and girls; building separate; about 150 inmates.

Deaf and dumb and the Blind institute, located at Faribault 120 in deaf and dumb department, and 25 in blind department. Two insane asylums; one at St. Peter, and the other at Rochester, 700 at former, and in the latter unknown.

The penitentiary is located at Stillwater; number of inmates unknown; and there are a number of county jails, prominent among which are those at St. Paul and Minneapolis. These institutions have all in turn been made the subjects of recrimination and investigation, which I believe have always resulted in exonerating those having them in charge, except it may be the county jails; which are admitted by all to be culpably defective, in having no adequate provision for keeping the young and unsophisticated from the contaminating influence of the hardened and depraved.

I had but one pet scheme to bring before the Conference, and that was a plan for colonizing some of the more energetic poor, who find it hard to support their families in the East, to some of the vast and fertile land of the West. I have not only given this subject much thought, but tested it to a limited extent in my work.

Allow me to illustrate with a single section (640 acres) of land, costing from $1.25 to $5 per acre, or $800 to $3,000 per section of 640 acres. Plow 100 acres in centre of each half section (25 acres for each settler) the first year, and locate the houses so as to give mutual protection and help; one well, &c., answering for four houses. It is estimated that the cost of land, five horses,

eight cows, two plows, two drays, &c., would not exceed $6,000. The fee of everything, of course, to remain in the hands of those who furnish the money, until redeemed; and it is safe to say that it would be worth double at the end of three or, at the most, five years. It is also found necessary that one of the eight should have charge of the whole.

Bishop Ireland, of this place, has located three colonies of Irish Catholics, the last of which, numbering some three hundred, passed through here last Saturday.

Yours truly,

E. W. CHASE.

The humane institutions of Nova Scotia, which are supported wholly or in part from the public funds, and managed by the Board of Commissioners of Public Charities, are,

1. The Provincial Hospital for the Insane. The foundation stone of this building was laid on the 8th of June, 1856, and it was opened for the admission of patients on the 26th day of December, 1858. The law of Nova Scotia provides that any lunatic being at large may be apprehended under the warrant of two justices of the peace, and by certain legal proceedings be committed for medical treatment to the Provincial Hospital for the Insane, and his property, if he have any, may be appropriated for his support and treatment therein. And for want of property the expense of his maintenance shall be borne by the county in which such lunatic has a legal settlement; and, if such person has no legal settlement in any county in the Province, then the expense shall be provided from the public treasury. Insane persons may also be admitted for treatment in the hospital, upon the request of their friends, by security being given for the payment of the expense of their maintenance; such expense may be regulated in amount by special agreement.

The Provincial and City Hospital. This institution, as its name indicates, is the joint property of the Province and the city of Halifax. The financial management of which is under the control of the Board of Public Charities, and the treatment of the patients is intrusted to a Medical Board, composed of four physicians and an equal number of surgeons. It is supported from the Provincial and city funds. Patients are admitted into it by the Board of Charities, upon the certificate of a member of the Medical Board that the applicant is free from any contagious disease, and a suitable person for hospital treatment. And the Board of Charities determine whether the applicant shall be admitted as a paying, or a pauper patient.

3. The Poor's Asylum. This establishment, as well as the Provincial and City Hospital, is situated within the city of Halifax, and is also supported from provincial and city funds; the expense of maintaining transient paupers being borne by the Province, and