glens, succeeded in reaching the station, an
awful picture of deformity and suffering, all but
in a state of nudity, covered with large wounds
to the number of fourteen, amongst the most
ghastly of which was that of the head and face, ||
where the wolf, having endeavored to grasp the
whole head, had torn the mouth open to the ear,
and stripped the head of the upper part of its
covering, and made a ghastly wound of eight
inches. Through the mercy of God she is quite
recovered, and scarcely at all deformed; but
refuses ever to return to those who forced her to
the woods to die. I am happy to add, that a
few days since, as I was walking a little distance
from the house, I heard some one as in fervent
prayer; and as I could discover it was the voice
of a child, I made towards it, and found in a lit-
tle secluded spot amongst the weeds my little
patient, who was earnestly pouring out her soul
to the God of her mercies, where she thought no
eye saw or ear heard her but God.

This boldness in the wolf, as also his passing by every other sort of prey for a human body, must, I think, be attributed in the first place to the horrible custom of leaving their dead unburied; and, in the second place, to the frequent wars in this part of Caffraria, by which these monsters have been fed to the full; and the late Chaka scarcely deserves a better appellation than that of caterer to the wolfish tribe.

Since

his death, these animals, instead of feeding, as in his day, on bodies plentifully provided for them, are (with a few exceptions) obliged to take them while alive. I am, however, happy to be able to add, that within the last two or three months there has scarcely an instance of the wolf's ravages been heard of; there is no more war, and they sleep quietly in their houses; as to food, God has given them this year such an abundance as they have scarcely ever had; and what is most remarkable is, that I have not found a man who does not acknowledge these blessings to be from God.

How much do such a people need the gospel not only to sustain them under their sufferings and prepare them for death to which they are imminently exposed, but also to introduce among them the blessings of good government, improve their social condition, and instil into them kind and humane feelings towards one another in their distresses.

SUMMARY VIEW OF THE MISSIONS OF THE
UNITED BRETHREN.

THIS Summary is taken partly from the annual
circular of the synodical committee of the
Brethren, dated October 24, 1831; and partly
from a list of missionaries and stations, contained
in the Missionary Intelligencer for the first quar-
ter of 1832.

The receipts during the year 1830 amounted to about $49,113. The disbursements a little exceeded that sum.

At the close of the year 1830, the number of brethren and sisters employed in forty-two settlements amounted to 209, of whom 15 are newly appointed. Five brethren and sisters retired from service within the year, and two departed into the joy of their Lord. Twelve of those employed are children of missionaries. VOL. XXVIII.

I. GREENLAND.-Commenced 1733. 4 Settlements.-New Herrnhut, Lichtenfels, Lichtenau, and Fredericksthal.

23 Missionaries.-Married, Eberle, Grillich, Ihrer, Kleinschmidt, I. Koegel, Lehman, Mehlhose, Mueller; unmarried, Baus, De Fries, Herbrich, Lund, C. Koegel, Tietzen, and Ul

bricht.

Converts.-1,750 Greenlanders.

The mission had to suffer from two trying circumstances; from the dispersion of the members of the congregations by order of the Chamber of Commerce in Copenhagen, and the delay in sending the necessary umber for building the church at Fredericksthal: but the state of the mission was encouraging, and the two southern settlements had received an accession of numIn Fredericksbers from among the heathen. thal, however, upward of thirty natives died of the pleurisy.

II.

LABRADOR.-1770.

4 Settlements.-Nain, Hopedale, Okkak, and Hebron.

28 Missionaries.Married, Henn, Knaus, Koerner, Kunath, Lundberg, Meisner, Morhardt, Stock, Stuerman, Beck, Glitsch, Mentzel; unmarried, Fritsche, Hertzberg, Kruth, and Freytag.

Converts.-806 Esquimaux.

The establishment of a new station, called Hebron, has been greatly assisted by the brethren's society for the furtherance of the gospel in London, who have kindly sent materials for erecting the necessary buildings. A desirable opportunity of hearing the gospel is hereby afforded to the northern Esquimaux, of which we pray that they may be disposed to avail themselves, as their southern brethren have done.

III. NORTH AMERICA.-1734.

3 Settlements.--New Fairfield, in Upper Canada; Spring-Place, and Oochgelogy, Chero

kee nation.

10 Missionaries.-Married, G. Byhan, Clauder, Luckenbach, Micksch; widower, Haman; widow, Gambold.

Converts. About 273 Indians, chiefly Delawares and Cherokees, and a few negroes.

The congregation of believing Delawares, in Upper Canada, consisting of not quite 300 persons, is diligently attended by the missionaries, whose labors have been productive of renewed fruit. The same may be said of the mission among the Cherokees, notwithstanding the many difficulties with which it is encompassed, owing to the political state of the country.

IV. SOUTH AMERICA.-1735.

1 Settlement.-Paramaribo.

14 Missionaries.-Married, Boehmer, Graaff, Hartman, Passavant, Schmidt, Voigt, Treu.

Converts.-2,723 negroes.

Brother Passavant has been appointed superintendent of the mission, which proceeds under the divine blessing. The society for promoting Christianity among the heathen population affords willing assistance; and many plantations near Voozorg and Fort Amsterdam are visited by the brethren.

V. DANISH W. INDIES.-1732.

7 Settlements, or Stations.-New Herrnhut and Niesky, in St Thomas; Friedensberg, Friedensthal, and Friedensfeld, in St. Croix; Bethany and Emmaus, in St. Jan.

mus,

38 Missionaries.-Married, Blitt, Bonhof, DaEder. Junghans. Keil, Kleint, Klingenberg, Meyer, Mueller, Plattner, Popp, Schmidt, 21

ary districts, which, without such assistance, must have remained but partially, or not at all, supplied with the preaching of the gospel. These ministers have reported an amount of ministerial labor performed in the service of the society equal to the labor of one man for 1,250 years. Sabbath school and Bible class instruction have been pursued with great success in most of the congregations a.ded. Numerous and interesting revivals of religion have been enjoyed, and not less than 15,000 souls have been reported, as the hopeful subjects of renewing grace, under the labors of our missionaries.

Of the whole number of ministers, in whose support aid has been granted, 238 have been located and employed west of the Alleghany mountains, which is nearly one half of the present number of Presbyterian ministers on the whole field; thus furnishing religious instruction to many of the new and rising settlements in those frontier states and territories, of which they must otherwise have remained destitute.

fifties, and tens! And then what a multitude of those who are less able, might, with a little selfdenial, or none at all, pour their ten thousand offerings into this treasury of charity to the poor! O, if the professed disciples of Christ but half do their duty, in relation to this object, the Home Missionary Society would experience no embarrassment for the want of funds. It might, at once enlarge its operations, to the full extent of the wants of the destitute, who now, alas, sometimes plead in vain for their aid.

AMERICAN TRACT SOCIETY.

Appropriations for Foreign Distribution.

In the number of this work for March, p. 89, it was mentioned that this society had adopted a resolution to endeavor to raise the sum of $10,000 for promoting the distribution of tracts

some of the fields which were opened for its labors. From an article in the Tract Magazine from which the following paragraphs are extract

ed on the great and interesting work which it had proposed for itself. The work is rendered increasingly interesting from the circumstance of its bringing this society into a close and fraternal alliance with other institutions whose general object is to Christianize the world.

The executive committee of the American

In the prosecution of an enterprise so extend-in foreign lands; and a brief view was given of ed, it is apparent that large means are required; yet the society has no permanent funds, but is dependent entirely on the yearly contributions of the benevolent. Until the two last years, these contributions were sufficient to sustain its opera-ed, it appears that the society has already entertions but of late they have not increased in proportion to the necessary expenditures of the society. At the last anniversary, the number of missionaries reported was 463, and the amount of expenditures, during the year, was $47,247. But the receipts of the year, from ordinary sources, fell short of this sum more than $4,000, and would have left the society so much in debt, had it not been for the very providential and timely reception of a legacy of $5,000, leaving in the treasury $877, at the end of the year, in May last. Since that time 86 new appointments have been made, making the whole number of ministers, in whose support the executive committee is pledged to render aid within the current year, more than 500. These, at an average of $100 each, will require an annual expenditure of more than $50,000. For this amount we have endeavored to provide, by the appointment of agents to solicit funds in different parts of the country, and by other means. But notwithstanding these provisions, the payments of the society, to meet the current demands of the missionaries, have greatly exceeded its receipts. The treasury, on the 1st of January, 1832, was overdrawn $12,000, for which individuals of our own number were personally responsible.

The contributions to the society, since the first of January last, have been barely sufficient to enable the treasurer to pay the current drafts of the missionaries. The treasury is therefore still over-drawn nearly $12,000, for which the committee are individually responsible, and must remain so, and even increase that responsibility, or curtail the operations of the society, unless the friends of its benevolent object can be persuaded to increase their contributions. Cannot this be done? Will not Christians ponder these statements in their hearts? How many wealthy professors of religion there are in our cities and flourishing villages, who might contribute to this object $500 or $1,000 each, the present year, without diverting a single dollar from the contributions, which they are accustomed to make, to other objects of benevolence, or denying themselves or their families, a single earthly comfort, which can be purchased with money. How many there are who might give hundreds, and

Tract Society at their meeting, March 19, 1832, unanimously adopted the following minute, viz: The sum of $3,000 dollars having been received into the treasury for foreign distribution, and about $2,000 more having been subscribed for the same object, soon to be paid,

Resolved, That, with a view to afford some immediate aid to stations from which applications have long been lying before the committee, and as an earnest of more enlarged benefactions which the committee trust the liberality of the Christian community will hereafter enable them to make, the sum of $5,000 be now appropriated for the distribution of tracts in foreign lands, to be remitted under the direction of the finance committee, as follows: viz.

For the use of American Baptist Missiona-
ries in Burmah,

$1,000

500

Bombay,

600

500

500

300

Do. do. of A. B. C. F. M. on the Medi-
terranean,

500

Do.

Moravian Church of United Brethren,

200

Do.

Paris Religious Tract Society,

400

Do.

Lower Saxony Tract Society, Ham

burgh,

200

Wm. Ropes, Esq., St. Petersburgh,
Russia,

300

$5,000

Do.

Resolved, That, in connection with the announcement of the above appropriations, a copy of the following letter from this committee be communicated to our brethren laboring at the several stations.

In the letter addressed to the missionaries and others, under whose immediate direction these appropriations are to be expended, after mentioning the sum appropriated, it is remarked

AMERICAN BAPTIST HOME MISSIONARY 30-
CIETY.

Contemplated Organization.

PRELIMINARY measures have been taken to organize a Home Missionary Society, the leading object of which shall be to combine all the friends of domestic missions in the Baptist denomination, throughout the United States, prin

This sum the committee desire you discreetly to appropriate, as speedily as possible, in the circulation of tracts, coming within one or other of these four classes: viz. (1) Tracts published by this society; or (2.) translations of the same; or (3.) translations of portions of the Bible; or (4.)||cipally with a view to exerting a religious intracts, translations of which into English shall be approved by the publishing committee of this society.

fluence on the western states. After taking a survey of the destitute condition of the churches at the west, the imperfect qualifications of many of those who preach the gospel, the various errors and dangers to which the people are exposed, and the demand for special exertions from the Baptist denomination at this time, the circular which has been issued and from which this article is gathered, proceeds to state what steps have been taken towards the organization

of a society.

At a meeting held in Boston in November last, it was resolved, that measures should be taken to arouse the Baptist community to systematic and vigorous efforts in the cause of domestic missions in the United States, and particularly in the valley of the Mississippi; that a general Home Mission Society ought to be formed; and that Rev. Jonathan Going be requested to relinquish his parochial charge, and devote himself to the interests of such society. Similar meetings were subsequently held in New York and Philadel phia, which resulted in the cordial approval of these measures. These circumstances were considered as indications of the divine will, that a mighty movement should be made by the American Baptists in favor of home missions. Accordingly a society was virtually formed in New York, a constitution, subject to future revision, adopted, and an executive committee appointed. The committee was organized by the election of William Colgate, Esq. Treasurer, William R. Williams, Esq. Recording Secretary, both of New York; and Rev. Jonathan Going, of Massachusetts, Corresponding Secretary. A committee were at the same time instructed to issue a circular, stating the object of the contemplated society, with the reasons for its formation, and including the proposed constitution; and also to invite the meeting of a convention in the city of New York, on the 27th day of April, for the purpose of formally organizing the society.

Miscellanies.

SOME extracts from the communications of Mr. Medhurst, respecting the character and state of the population of Borneo, and the prospect there was that a missionary would be received there, were inserted in vol. xxvi, p. 291. These remarks of Mr. M. were written about the close of the year 1828, while on a visit to the western coast of that island, where he had free inter

course with the people, and distributed many books and tracts among the Chinese and Malays whom he found there. Of the Chinese there may be about 25,000; and the Malays are quite numerous on many of the large rivers. The Diaks, or Dayakkers, constitute the mass of the population, occupying all the interior, of this and many other islands.

A somewhat extended account of these Diaks has been published in the New York Observer,

prepared from the journal of Mr. Dalton, inserted in the Singapore Chronicle, by Mr. Abeel, missionary of the Board, now on an exploring tour in southeastern Asia and the adjacent islands. Mr. D. is said to have penetrated further into the interior of Borneo than any other European who has lived to return. His more important statements relating to the character and habits of the people accord with those of Mr. Medhurst, and are of a truly horrid charac. ter. Selgie, the chief with whom Mr. D. had the most intercourse, exercises despotic control over a great extent of country and 150,000 people. Their study and trade seem to be massacre, and the only measure of their wealth or honor seem to be the number of human heads they can produce. According to the representations of Mr. D. they seem to have no other object in going to war but to obtain heads. After describing the secrecy with which a party approaches an enemy's settlement, he proceeds

Should it be a solitary but, they surround it, and take care that no one escape; but should it be a considerable campong, they go much more warily to work. When the boats have arrived within about a mile of a campong, they prepare themselves. About one third of the party, who are sent forward, penetrate the thickest part of the jungle, arriving at night near the houses, which are surrounded, men being placed in every footpath leading from them, for the purpose of intercepting all who may attempt to escape into the wood. In the mean time the remainder of the party in their boats arrive, about an hour before day-light, in perfect silence, within a few hundred yards of the campong. Most of the warriors then put on their fighting-dress, and creep slowly forward, leaving a few men in each boat, and about a dozen with the women, who remain in the jungle. About twenty minutes before day-break, they commence operations by throwing upon the attaps (roofs) of the huts, lighted fireballs, made of dry bark of trees, and damar, which immediately involves the whole in flames. The war ery is then raised, and the work of murder commences; the male inhabitants are speared, or more commonly cut down with the mandow, as they descend the ladders of their dwellings in attempting to escape the flames, which Selgie remarked to me, give just sufficient light to distinguish a man from a woman. The women and children endeavoring to gain the jungle by the well known paths, find them already occupied by an enemy, from whom there is no escape.

The heads are what they want, and there is no suffering a Diak will not cheerfully endure, to be recompensed by a single one. From the last excursion, Selgie's people brought with them 700 heads, of which 250 fell to the share of himself and sons. The women and children all belonged to him in the first instance. Many of Selgie's tribe are cannibals; some, however, will not eat human flesh, and others refuse to do so except on particular occasions: as a birth, marriage or funeral. All these events are celebrated with fresh heads. Nothing could be done without them. All kinds of sickness, particularly the small pox, are supposed to be under the influence of an evil spirit, which nothing can so well pro

||

pitiate as a head. A Diak who has taken many heads, may be immediately known from others who have not been so fortunate-he comes into the presence of the rajah and takes his station without hesitation, whilst an inferior person is || glad to creep into any corner to escape notice. Mr. D. mentions a singularly degraded race in the northern part of Borneo.

Further towards the north of Borneo, are to be found men living absolutely in a state of nature, who neither cultivate the ground, nor live in huts; who neither eat rice nor salt, and who do not associate with each other, but rove about the woods like wild beasts. The sexes meet in the jungle, or the man carries away a woman from some campong. When the children are old enough to shift for themselves, they usually separate, neither one afterwards thinking of the other. At night they sleep under a large tree, the branches of which hang low. On the branches they fasten the children in a kind of swing; around the tree they make a fire to keep off the wild beasts and snakes. They cover themselves with a piece of coolit kayu, and in this also they wrap the children. It is soft and warm, but will not keep out the rain. These poor creatures are looked on and treated by the other Diaks as wild beasts. Hunting parties of twenty-five or thirty go out and amuse themselves with shooting the children in the trees with the sampit, the same as monkeys, from which they are not easily distinguished. The men taken in these excursions, are invariably killed.

Respecting their religious notions Mr. D. remarks

I cannot ascertain that the Diaks have any religion amongst themselves, or entertain an idea of future rewards and punishments. None of the Bujis or Agis were able to give me further information on this subject than what I was myself enabled to pick up from personal observation, and that was very little. They have no fear whatever of dying, either in battle or otherwise, provided they are in no danger of losing their heads. They have, however, the utmost dread of losing their heads, which they conceive the greatest, and indeed the only misfortune that can befal them; and this feeling seems to animate them, from their knowledge of the triumphs their enemies enjoy in getting possession of this greatest of all treasures; for all Diaks in every part of Borneo and of the Celebes have the same predilection for cutting off the heads of their enemies, and every stranger is regarded as an enemy.

It is, however, most certain that they have some idea of a future state. This not only appears in their burials, but on other occasions. There is a certain bird, of which they stand in great awe. When they hear the note of this bird, no inducement can urge them further on the same line of road. I have frequently been out shooting when we heard it. On such occasions they invariably would stop and tremble violently, and immediately take another road. I never could obtain a sight of this bird of ill omen, for such it is considered. If I attempted to advance a single step nearer the sound, they took hold of me, pointing to the sky, and with gestures of ap.. prehension forced me a contrary way. The notes are very similar to those of our blackbird, equally sweet, but much stronger. Notwith