not, it must pre's either more or lefs; not more, because then the fquare inch would be Expanded, and fo take up more room, till the preffure of each was equal to each other; not lefs, for then the fquare inch must be leffen'd in its dimenfions, therefore it preffeth equal.

The Reafon is, because as the Mercury is fore'd out of the Bottle into the Tube, the Air within the Bottle acquires more Liberty, and fo is expanded, and by confequence, fomewhat weaker in its fpring. The Reason why we inftance in a quantity of Air fo much bigger than a quare inch you may understand from the foregoing words, for the Quickfilver rifing would cause that little quantity of Air to be expanded too much for to raise the Mercury to the height above mention'd.

Q. It has been obferved by many Seamen, particularly by my felf the last time I went to the Weft-Indies, that if a Bottle having nothing elle in it but Air, be ftopt up with a very strong, clofe big Cork, yet upon letting it down fo many Fathoms deep, when I drew up the Bottle found the Cork within the Bottle. I defire to know the Reafon of it?

2. We propose this Experiment, tryed by Mr. Boyle: He took a Glass Bottle able to contain a. bout a quart of water, and fill'd it about half full of Mercury, then putting into the Neck of this Bottle a Tube of above 30 Inches long, open at both ends, the lower Orifice being immers'd in the ftagnant Mercury, he then fill'd up the space between the mouth of the Bottle, and the Glass Tube with good Cement, fo that the Air included in the Bottle could no way get out of the Bottle; and having placed this Bottle and Tube in a Receiver, as the Air in the Receiver was more and more A. We have already fpoken exhaufted (and by confequence upon this Head, but having had the preffure of the Air taken fome new Propofals about Water from that part of the Mecury being let down ftopt with a Cork that was enclosed in the Tube) in a Bottle, We fhall confider it the Mercury did proportionably once more, and under one, An rife, till the Receiver being well fwer both Phenomena's: First as Exhaufted, the Mercury attain'd to Air, it is to be remarkt that the height of 29 Inch, which the Air where we breathe is in a was but fhort of the height of certain comprefs'd ftate, and much the Mercury in another Tube,the clofer and condenfe than what it Ciftern of which was preft upon is towards the top of the Atmof, by the Atmosphere. That this phere, or even upon high Mounwas done by the Spring of the Air, tains as the Pike of Teneriff, Mount is evident; for the weight of fo Caucaufus, &c. because the Weight much Air as was imprifon'd in of the fuperimpending Atmosphere the Bottle, would not amount to lyes hard upon the lower parts, above a Grain. If you ask, What as fuch as have read Mr. Boyle's is the Reafon that the fpring of Experiments upon the Weight and the Air did not raife the Mercu- Spring of the Air, are fuctiiciently ry in the Tube placed in the Re-latished in. But to return from ceiver fo high as that in the open this digreffion, Suppose the Air Air by one Srk? We Aniwer, that is in the Bottle before it is B 2

Lorke

corkt up, bears only fo much | Air (as Mr Boyle tells you he Weight as a Column of the Air to has done it) may be expanded and the top of the Atmosphere im- dilated in above 150 times its preffes upon it, and when the room, and in this comprefs'd Cork is put in, fuppofe also that State that it is in at the bottom of the Air in the Bottle preffes juft the Atmosphere, it may be yet fo hard against the Cork as the Air contracted into a much leffer room; without; now if this Bottle be let our Experiments have given us down into the Water, which is a Inftances of its Contraction into much closer Element than Air (a 20 times a leffer space, fo that fmall Tube of Water being in there is a little relation (in this Proportion to the Weight of the Cafe at leaft) betwixt Water and Air as 1000 (near) to 1) it follows Air, and therefore we may very that fince there is a Compreffure pofitively affert, that Water in in Water (its Nature confider'd) the Condition we find it, Corkt as in the Air, the Water that is up, and let down even to the on the outfide the Cork, as it is Center of the Earth, would make let deeper and deeper, will ftill as much refiftance againft the prefs harder and harder upon the Cork internally, as the circumam. Cork, and the Air within the bient Water would Externally;and Bottle being only capable of re- by confequence the Cork would not preffing or refifting according to be drove or impell'd in the Bottle, the force which it had when above as in the Cafe of Air. Water, is at length over-power'd Q. What is the Reason that when by the External Preffure of the you lay a Leaf of a Tree over any Water, and fo the Cork is forced bollow place, fuppofe the fore part of in. But as for the other Confide- your Hand half grafpt, and with the ration (fuggefted by a Gentle-other Hand ftrike upon the Leaf, it man of our Acquaintance) viz. fhall break with a Noife like a Por-gun? Whether a Bottle fill'd with Water, A. When the Leaf is laid upon that is Quantity for Quantity lighter the place, it is equally comprefs 'd, than other Water (as fome fuch on every fide, and the Air above there is) and this Water be flopt in it preffes juft as hard upon it as with a Cork, and let down into the the Air under it does against it; Sea any depth whatever, whether the but when with the hollow of your External Water which must prefs other Hand you violently strike aupon the Cork more or less, accor- gainft the Leaf, the Air that is ding to the Depth and Gravitation contain'd in the hollow of your of the fupernatural Waters,will force Hand p.effes harder againft the the Cork into the Water in the Bottle upper part of the Leaf than the which being but in a small com Air under it does against it; and prefs'd State, will be able to make therefore This giving way, That linle refiftance? To this we alfo breaks thro' the Leaf: As for Anfwer, That many Experiments the Noife, it is only the brisk fhow that Water cannot be poffi- agitation of the Air put into a vibly put into a leffer room than it olent Motion, which ftriking is by any Force or Violence, nor fmartly against the Drum of the dilated by any Methods (We mean Ear, gives what we call the PerWhilft it remains Water) altho' ception of Sound of Hearing.

And

mean Room in my Mafters Houfe Being thus Married, I found my Wife with Child, and understood it to be my Mafter, which however, for his Honour, and my own Reputation, I conceal'd, and own'd the Child, and liv'd with the Woman at leaft 7 or 8 Years, in which time I had 3 Children by her, who I know are my own, neither after my Marriage was the Woman ever falle either to

Loving, Obfequious and Industrious. My Mafter, in order to make me amends for taking fuch crack'd Ware off of his Hands, helpt me into fome Pofts of good Advan

And here,by the by, we fhall prevent fome who might poffibly be troubled to defire an Answer to this Queftion, When a Bottle has all the Air exhaufted out of it, if you clap your Hand upon it, will it fuck your Hand fo hard as to break it? To this alfo we Antwer, That indeed it has been an Opinion which has rul'd for fome thou fand Years, that Suction was only caus'd by that Ocult Quality call'd Fuga Vacui, cr Natures ab-my Bed or Intereft, but very horrence of a Vacuum; but now 'tis demonftrably evident, that 'tis only the Preffure of the At mosphere, as in the mention'd Inftance, when the Air is drawn, out of the Bottle, and there is no-tage to me, whereby I was ena thing within left to reift the bled to live handfomely, and fav'd hand that is clapt upon the mouth Money: But my Mafter dying a. of the Bottle; therefore the bout 2 Years ago, I fell deeply in Preffure is wholly from without: Love with a Mans Daughter of Whether it will prefs the Hand the Place, who I do acknowledge fo hard as to break a Hole thro' has had a Bafe Child before I beit, we know not, having had no came acquainted with her, but great Mind to make the Experi- fhe is now very conftant to me, ment, tho 'tis evident that the and loves me (I believe) with ftrongeft Bladder will not relift much Ardency and Sincerity; the External Preffure of che Air, with this Woman I keep Compaand 'tis this Act that is falfly call'd 'ny, and have laid my felf under Suction, there being no fuch thing | the Sacred Obligation of a folemn

in Nature.

Gentlemen,

1

Oath, to be true and conftant to her, as he has likewife reci. procally done to me: You howQ. Came in a very mean Con- ever, tho' have relinquisht my dition to a finall Garifon former Wife, I refolve (if my in Their Mijefties Don'nions, Ability continues) to maintain her where I became a Servant to the and her Children, and according Lieutenant, who was a Houfe-ly do fo. Now tince I am cenfur'd keeper, and a Perfon of good In-for thefe my Actions by fome Peo. fluence and Power in that Place. ple, I defire your Answer to these After fome times Continuance in following Queftions: this Service (by my Mafters En- Q. 1.Whether my Marriage was couragemen. and Confent) I Mar- lawfully good as to the Ceremony part ried ny Fellow Servant, but the of it, fince it wis diforderly and inCeremony was perform'd, tho decently performed in my Mafters by a Minilter, yet very indecent- Houfe, and without Banes, or pe ly, not in the Church, but in a vious Licenje ?

B3

Q. 2. Whether

Q. 3. Whether it was laroful as to the real part of it, fince I found the Woman that was joyn'd to me with Child by another Man, which Chrift bimfelf has thought Caufe enough for a Divorce?

Q. 3. Whether on this Impediment (notwithstanding my continuance with this Woman for 7 or 8 Years, and having Children by ber) I may not justly leave her, and marry another?

Q.4.Whether according to the Law of Confcience (matters of Divorce being jo tedious and chargeable (not to fay worse) that I am not able to proceed in the dilatory way of Drs. Commons) I may not live with this Woman (as my real Wife in the fight of God) with whom I keep Com. pany?

Q5. Whether if in your Fudgment I do live in a firful ftate with this Woman my Oath will not be Charg'd upon me, if 1 fhould endeavour to break off with her?

Q. 6. If it be a Sin,I beg you deal boneftly by me, in laying before me plainly and effectually the Confequences of it?

Gentleman, I have been as just on all fides in ftating my Cafe, as poffibly I could with brevity. I defire your Jpeedy Anfæer, being your,

but the manner of it being Poli tical, the Law takes Cognizance of it; but as for the Matter of Fact when once done, God Almighty who is invoked as a Witnefs, and who himself was the firft Inftitutor of this Sacred Union, is as certain a Witness when done fecretly, and something irregularly, as if all the World ftood by, and were confulted in the form and manner of it; therefore there's no doubt but the Marriage is válid, and will be fo efteem'd when the great Witness of it decides it at the Day of Judgment, if it be put off till then.

4. 2. 'Tis true Whoredom and Adultery do ipfo facto, diffolve the Marriage Knot, because thereby the Union, or Oneness of Man and Wife is broken, and a third, fourth, fifth, &c. Perfon affum'd into the Alliance; and therefore our Saviour, who pafs'd by all other little pretences of Divorce, which the hard-hearted Jews were permitted under the Mofaick Inftitution, does yet retain this as a fufficient Caufe. But Adultery being a breach of a Marriage Contract, does prefuppofe a Contract, for there can be no breach of what is not; A. 1. In this Cafe the Law (and therefore this is not your Caf. with great Reafons for it) fays, By your own Confeffion fhe has That it ought not to be done, but been a good Wife to you, true when it is done, it is of force. We to your Bed and Intereft fince the want not Inftances, and fome of was yours, therefore from the no mean Perions, that have been Nature and Sate of the firft AnMarried by their Coachman, Ser-fwer, fhe being your lawful Wife yants, nay Friends &c. that before God, and in the Eye of have contrary to their Expectati- the Law, is not by any potterior on oblig'd themselves in too near act of hers become otherwile. 'Tis and ftrict a tye to get clear again; true indeed, you were unhand'tis indeed unhandfome, and con- fomely dealt with at firft, and trary to the Advice and cuftom the Trick that was put upon you, of the Church to Marry fecretly, I was owing to your own Indilure

&c.

A. 6. We have dealt by you as you have defir'd, and do further Declare, that whatever Vows you have made to this fecond Woman are void, fince you have no more power to do it, than to difpofe of your Neighbours Pof. feffions by a Deed of Gift. We advise you to go home, beg your Wifes Pardon, admonifh the other Woman of her Sin, and by a bet

tion and Folly, that could not fee through the Difguife and Pretences: But your Wife has made you amends by a Vertuous and good Carriage; whereas if you had Marry'd another, that had come without a ftain or blemish into your Arms, fhe perhaps might have dealt worse by you afterwards: So that as the World goes, we think you happier in a Wife than you are aware of, forter Life fhew the Evidence of your how much think you wou'd you mend your Choice, by taking one that has been a Whore (by your own Confeffion) and either is intentionally or actually fo now, inftead of one that was fo, and is now reclaim'd, and become VerHous?

43. The Negative of this Queftion is proved by the two preceding Anfwers.

Repentance towards God and the World, which you have injur'd by your Example.

Q. Pray, Gentlemen, What is the Reafon of the Cohesion of two well Polish pieces of Glass or Marble?

A. We Anfwer, 'tis the Pref. fure of the Atmosphere, which prefling hard upon the obverted Planes of the Glafs or Marble, and there being no Air between to

A. 4. No, by no means, as you will answer it at the Day of Judg-relift the External Preffure, there ment; and fince you pretend to deal plainly with us, and to want our Advice, remember, that we have told you, that it will be Adultery, in you; for Whoremon. gers and Adulterers God will judge: Do not deceive your felf, you can't proceed in fuch Refolutions, and be faved.

muft neceffarily follow a Cohefior; which Cohenion is fo ftrong, as has been Experimented in two Circular Pieces of black Marble, not three Inches Diameter, that a Weight of 80 Pounds fastened to the under Marble was but fufficient to feparate them, That it is the Preffure of the Atmof A.5.You have an Answer to this phere will be demonftrable, it in the laft, but what can you pro- you confider the Experiment inade mife your felf? Will any Brutal by Mr. Boyle, who placed a couEnjoyments, or blinded Paffions, ple of well Polifht Marbles with of which you will one day have a Pound Weight hanging at the another Eftimate, countervail the undermoft of them into a Relofs of your Reputation, the ceiver, and when they were u Wounds of your Confcience, the pended at the Cap of it, and the Injury you do your lawful Wife, Air drawn out, the Marbles fell aand the unhappy Expectation you funder, there being no Air to will carry about of juft Retri- Prefs upon them as afore. butions hereafter: Certainly you Q. What Reafons can you give have quitted your pretentions to me to prove the Circulation of the Reafon and Religion, if you can Blood ?

any longer hefitate what you

ought to do.