THE PURITAN

IN

HOLLAND, ENGLAND, AND AMERICA

AN INTRODUCTION

ΤΟ

AMERICAN HISTORY

BY

DOUGLAS CAMPBELL, A.M., LL.B.

MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION

CONTENTS

OF

THE SECOND VOLUME

CHAPTER XI

THE SCOTTISH KIRK AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ENGLISH AND

AMERICAN PURITANISM

PLOTS OF THE CATHOLICS AGAINST ELIZABETH

The Reformation in Scotland.-Its importance...

John Knox, his early career.-A typical Scotch Puritan...

The Scottish Reformation political, not religious, in its

origin.....

French designs on Scotland.

Expulsion of the French.-Catholicism abolished.-The

Kirk established, 1560.....

PAGE

2

2

3

4

6

Arrival of Mary Stuart-Comparison with Elizabeth......

John Knox and Mary Stuart...

6

The Kirk wins the victory...

9

The nobles plunder the Church.

9

The poverty of the clergy gives them their great power...

Calvinism and Democracy..

10

11

Remarkable advance of Scotland in last three centuries.-

Its causes....

13

The Scottish commons the sons of their religion, that re-

ligion taught them the equality of man..

Influence of Scotland on English and American Puritanism 16

The Scotch-Irish in America....

14

17

Death of Knox, 1572.-Succeeded by Andrew Melville, the

founder of Scotch university education...

The Kirk progresses, abolishes the Tulchan bishops..

Scotland as a field for a Catholic conspiracy..

Jesuit mission of 1580.-The Earl of Lennox.

Bad faith of Elizabeth......

Destruction of Morton, the Protestant leader..

Exultation of the Catholics.-The kingdom to be recovered

The Kirk to be put in order next.....

Attempt to re-establish the bishops......

Uprising of the people.-The Kirk saves Scotland...

The Catholics abandon Scotland.....

Effects of the movement on the English Puritans..

Puritanism and Catholicism in England.

Old Catholics and new converts..

.....

21

22

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

33

35

37

39

Philip decides to aid a Catholic uprising.

Collapse of the Throgmorton Conspiracy.

Plots for Elizabeth's assassination.-Their origin and char-

acter.....

40

Spirit of the people.-The Bond of Association, 1584....

No danger to England, except from a foreign attack....

42

43

CHAPTER XII

THE ENGLISH IN THE NETHERLANDS-1585-1588

England again brought into relations with the Continent..

The Holy League in France forces Elizabeth into the relig

ious war...

Philip confiscates English ships, 1585.....

The people demand war.-Elizabeth's position....

Opposed to open war and Parliamentary interference, and

why...

She agrees to assist the Netherlanders..

Security demanded by her......

Dutch sea-coast towns transferred to Elizabeth in pledge....

Leicester appointed to command the English forces....

Accepts the sovereignty of the Netherlands....

44

46

47

48

51

52

54

55

55

57

CONTENTS

Wrath of Elizabeth.-Its causes.....

Her scheme for peace by betraying the Netherlanders to

Spain...

Her wrath against Leicester finally appeased...

He sees through and acquiesces in her proposed treachery 62

The English army accomplishes nothing.-What it might

have done.....

Battle of Zutphen, 1586...

Death of Sir Philip Sidney.

His place in history....

His corpse seized on by English creditors.-Walsingham,

his father-in-law, liable for his debts incurred in the ser-

vice of the queen....

64

65

66

67

69

Elizabeth refuses assistance. Walsingham ruined, and

Sidney finally buried.-Not a favorite of Elizabeth's.... 70

Leicester recalled to England by the Babington Conspiracy 71

Important towns surrendered to Spaniards by his officers..

Indignation in the Netherlands and in England...

72

74

Trial of Mary Stuart.-Now a frenzied demand for her exe-

cution.....

74

Elizabeth seeks her assassination......

Her execution, 1587.-Its character and its results....

CHAPTER XIII

75

76

THE INVINCIBLE ARMADA

Elizabeth's negotiations for peace..

.....

78

Philip deceives her while preparing to invade England.... 81

His procrastination....

82

Leicester's final act of treachery in the Netherlands.....

He returns to England.-End of the English Protectorate.

Its beneficial effects on the Netherlands....

84

87

No more foreign rulers.-The republic is born.

88

Why self-government was possible....

88

Elizabeth throws off the mask, and sends commissioners to

make peace with Spain..

90

Philip's duplicity.....

90