Domestic Economy.

DOMESTIC ECONOMY.

143

Candidates are not permitted to answer more than one question in each section.

SECTION I. (Household Work.) 1. Describe the duties of an under nurse; and explain clearly the difference in work and in responsibility upon promotion to head

nurse.

2. State the materials required for cleaning and keeping in thorough order for daily use, the following articles: -mahogany furniture, silver plate, glass, brass and copper vessels, marble mantelpieces. And explain the method in which they should be used.

SECTION II. (Investment.) 1. Describe any safe building or other investments with which you are acquainted. Explain the principles which secure safety; mention the interest given and the price of the original shares.

2. Write out rules, simple and practical, for young persons with regard to investment, and show the benefit of putting by, year by year, some small amount against illness and age.

SECTION III. (Cooking.) 1. State clearly any inexpensive methods for cooking fish and rice, fish and potatoes, butcher's meat and vegetables of different kinds, eggs and rice. Name the expense of such dishes per head. State the present current price in your neighbourhood of butcher's meat, of bread, of bacon.

2. State different ways in which the following may be prepared so as to be economical and palatable:—sheep's head, breast of mutton, pig's feet; and estimate the cost per head for six persons.

SECTION IV. (Sickness.) 1. What prudential measures may be adopted with children in case of severe colds, sore throat, eruptive illnesses, whooping cough? What remedy would you apply to a broken chilblain, a severe cut, a bad bruise ?

2. What immediate treatment should be followed under the following circumstances:

(a) A girl faints away in school.

(b) A boy shows sudden symptoms of suffering from

a fit.

(c) A child falls into the water, and when taken out is found insensible.

SECTION V. (Clothing and Washing.) 1. Explain the benefit of flannel and other woollen material for clothing: and describe the method by which such material should be washed.

2. State the different materials required for washing, and the use of such materials: would any difference be made in the use of these materials when washing coloured print dresses, knitted worsted stockings, and flannel shirts?

SCHOLARSHIP QUESTIONS,

1878.

NOTE. The time allowed for each Paper in the following series was three hours, if not otherwise mentioned. Candidates were restricted to one question in each section.

SCHOOL MANAGEMENT.

THREE HOURS allowed for this paper with that on Music. Those who are or have been Pupil Teachers are not to answer more than one question in any Section. Candidates who have not been Pupil Teachers may answer any seven questions they think fit, except in Section VII., from which only one subject should be selected for notes of a lesson.

No Candidate is to answer more than seven questions.

SECTION I. 1. What were the arrangements of your school, as to the position of windows, stoves, desks, and galleries? Why have these points to be considered in planning a school? For what lessons is a gallery specially adapted? Describe the construction of a gallery suitable for older children, or for infants.

2. Show the advantages of varying the classification of a school according to the subjects of instruction. What are the advantages and disadvantages of teaching boys and girls together in the same school ?

3. What lessons were you in the habit of giving during your apprenticeship for which full notes were required? What method were you instructed to follow in drawing up notes for an introductory lesson on some new rule in arithmetic ?

(For Females only.)

4. A girl can hem, seam, fell, and plait, and can also fix all the above; construct a scheme for the next two

standards in needlework? Name some garment or garments suitable for both standards.

SECTION II. 1. What should be the next steps in reading after a child has mastered the forms of the letters and powers of the vowels? Give examples of a few such lessons.

2. Explain how the reading of dialogue and recitation may be employed to remedy want of intelligence in reading. For what reasons should more than one set of reading books be employed in each class?

3. Which subjects of instruction can be best taught by reading books, and which by oral lessons? Give reasons in each case for your classification.

SECTION III. 1. A class can multiply by numbers up to nine (inclusive): what intermediate steps of reasoning and practice are needed that they may be able to multiply intelligently by such a number as 67? Give more difficult examples of each step.

2. By what method would you teach Rule of Three sums ? State clearly the two methods commonly employed, and compare their advantages.

3. By what illustrations on the blackboard would you prove to children that of = 21, and 7 — 2 = } ?

SECTION IV. 1. What are the chief difficulties to be encountered by a child beginning small-hand copies ? How would you deal with them?

2. What general rules of composition would you give to a class which was required to write out from memory the substance of a short story?

3. Name some common faults of letter-writing among children. From what causes do they proceed? How would you correct them?

SECTION V. 1. State fully the purposes for which a blackboard may be used in reading, writing, and geography lessons.

2. A complaint is frequently made, that geography, as taught in schools, is confined to lists of capes, heights of mountains, etc.: how far are such lists useful, and for

what purposes P Illustrate from your knowledge of British capes and mountains.

3. What order should be followed in teaching the parts of speech? Give your reasons.

Geography and History.

147

SECTION VI. 1. What rules were employed in your school to carry out the regulations of the code, that "reasonable care" should be taken to bring up children in habits (1) of good manners, (2) of cheerful obedience to duty, (3) of truthfulness ?

2. Show that copying, especially in arithmetic, may be the result of bad teaching, or of bad discipline. What precautions would you take to prevent the growth of such a habit ?

3. Show the advantages of steady work, as compared with cramming, in regard to (1) memory and (2) intelligent thought.

SECTION VII. Write full notes of a lesson on one of the following subjects:

(1) Islands.

(2) Rain.

(3) Healthy exercise.

(4) Carnivorous animals.

GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY.

GEOGRAPHY.

SECTION I. 1. Draw a full map

(a) of the West Coast of Europe, from Cape Finisterre to the mouth of the Elbe.

Or, (b) Of Turkey in Europe.

Or, (c) Of the Dominion of Canada.

SECTION II. 1. Give definitions of the terms promontory, meridian, watershed, zone. Give examples of each from the continents of Africa or Asia, and state the illustrations by model or diagram that would be required for a first lesson on each to young children.

2. How could a globe be used to explain the varying length of day and night according to the seasons of the year, the different times of day at places in the samo latitude, and the method employed in geography for determining the position of a place on the map? What decimal part of an inch would represent the height of a mountain 8,000 feet high on a globe 16 inches in dia

meter P

SECTION III. 1. Detail the great natural advantages for competition with other countries which Great Britain