successful pupils. Not only is there no preliminary examination in the provinces, but there is no recommendation of pupils by any of the authorities or musical professors in the provinces. CLASSES. The education is divided into the following eight sections:-1. Solfa, scales and oral harmony. 2. Singing. 3. Lyrical declamation. 4. Piano and harp. 5. Stringed instruments. 6. Wind instruments. 7. Thorough bass, organ, and composition. S. Dramatic declamation. There are also courses of popular singing for adults, superior to those in the common schools. The actual classes are, or were not long since : 2 for Solfa, number of pupils unlimited. 12 for do. for individual practice, twelve pupils in each, limited to two years' duration. 1 for Oral harmony. PRIZES. During the competitions this box with the antechamber are devoted to the jury, who, after listening to the performances of the pupils in one section or class, retire and decide on the awards before another class commences: each pupil to whom any award is made is then called forward, and the decision of the jury announced to him, If the award has been unanimous that fact is announced also. The prizemen in the instrumental classes, with the exception of the great instruments, receive an instrument as their prize, others receive books of music, and the pupils of the elementary classes medals. Each successful pupil receives a written diploma in addition. JURY. The Jury generally consists of nine members, chosen according to the nature of the competition of the daywhether vocal, instrumental, or dramatic-from a body of 5 for Scales, 2 male, 3 female, limited to 8 pupils each. thirty. 8 for Singing, limited to 8 pupils each. 1 for do. en masse. 3 for Violin; 2 for Violoncello; and 1 for each of the other instruments. 1 for the performance of instrumental pieces. There are, however, five members who are present on almost all occasions, viz. :-M. Auber, Director; M. E. Monnais, Imperial Commissioner for the Lyric Theatres; M. Kastner, member of the Institute, composer; M. J. Cohen, composer; and General Mellinet, an eminent amateur and composer. In addition to these gentlemen the following acted as 6 for Harmony and accompaniment, 4 male, 2 female, members of the Jury during the competitions just conlimited to 12 each. 1 for Organ and Improvisation, 12. cluded: M. Cabenis, Chef de Bureau of the Minister of Fine Arts 4 for Composition, subdivided into counterpoint, fugue, (official); M. De Leuven, Director of the Opera Comique; and ideal composition. 3 for Dramatic declamation. 1 for Deportment 1 for Dancing 1 for Fencing For theatrical pupils. LIBRARY. There is a fine library of music, and of works relating to music and the drama, and this is open not only to the pupils but also to the public. MUSEUM OF INSTRUMENTS. There is a good collection of musical instruments attached to the Conservatoire, to which the public is admitted on certain days of the week. ROOMS. The Conservatoire is a very large establishment, and includes a complete theatre, a smaller theatre or concert room, and innumerable class rooms of all sizes besides the library, offices, and apartments for the in-door pupils. COMPETITIONS. M. Perrin, Director of the Grand Opera; and M. Hainl, lin, composer; Rinaud de Vilbac, composer and pianist; poser. public, with the exception of those amongst the pupils of As already stated, all the competitions are open to the the elementary classes; but in the case of opera, comic opera, and still more of tragedy and comedy, the demand for places is so great that the theatre is not half large enough to hold those who apply for seats and obtain them, as far as they go, by favour of the director. In the case of the vocal and instrumental competitions, the theatre is not half filled, and the military music attracts only the friends of the pupils themselves. COMPETITION OF 1865. Private (four days), prizes awarded :— Fugue 2 first and 1 second, males. Harmony and Accompaniment-1 first prize, divided between two young men; two first prizes to females. Harmony alone-1 first prize between two males. Scales-36 competitors, male and female; 7 third prizes to female pupils. Sol-fa-125 competitors; prizes, 8 first medals, 9 second medals, and 8 third medals to male pupils; 11 first medals (one gained by a child nine years old), 14 second medals, and 6 third medals to female pupils. The annual competitions now take place in July, instead of August. They commenced this year (1865) on the tenth and ended on the twenty-ninth of the month, Occupying twelve days in all. With the exception of the classes for the organ, harmony and accompaniment, fugue, thorough bass, scales and solfa, the competitions are conducted in public. They take place in the theatre of the Conservatoire, erected in 1806, and in which are given the famous concerts of the society formed within the Conservatoire, but not being officially a portion of it. This theatre holds more than 900 persons, but in a most inconvenient manner, but the excellence of the building for sound has hitherto set aside all idea of its reconstruction. It is arranged like an ordinary theatre, with three principal tiers of boxes, a balcony in front of the lower tier, baignoires around the pit, a gallery divided into boxes and stalls, a pit and pit stalls. The pit holds 150 persons, and there are 180 stalls. The form of the building is oblong, with circular ends, the stage and orchestra occupying more than half the whole area. The wall at the back of the stage is not in fact semi-circular Pieces-air, 2nd act "La Dame Blanche;" air, 4th ut ten-sided. In the centre of the principal tier of boxes act Lucie;" air, "La Juive Moïse;" rondo, the loge-d'honneur, which is the Imperial box for the "Cenerentola ;" air, "Macbeth" air, Traviata;" air, acerts of the society, and for which the Emperor makes" Norma;" air (Joseph), Vanicount Pharaon" air, ouation of two thousand francs a year, and behind this (Mousquetaires) "Bocage épais;" air, "Fille du Regiment;" - a good-sized antechamber. and air, "Pré aux Clercs." Violin-Piece selected, 8th Concerto of Rode, 23 competitors, male and female. Prizes, 3 first (1 female) and 1 second; 1 first, 1 second, and 1 third accessit. Violoncello-8th Concerto de Romberg; 1 first prize, 2 second prize, and 1 accessit. Opera Comique-This is the most popular portion of the competition, and also that in which the pupils are generally strongest. It was especially so this year. There were 22 competitors, male and female, and 17 awards, viz., male pupils, 1 first, 2 second prizes, 2 first, 3 second accessits; female pupils, 3 first prizes, 2 second prizes, and 2 first and 2 second accessits. last session of the Corps Legislatif, to the extent of £836, Common Schools. A competition took place a short time since between the schools (communal) of the left bank of the City of Paris, in Harmony, Reading at Sight, Sol-fa, and Dictation. The Acts and Scenes, performed as well as sung, in stage Jury included-M. Victor Foncher, President of the Imcostume :-Scene from "Le Tableau Parlant;" frag-perial Commission for Singing; M. Ambrose Thomas, ment of 1st act of "La Fiancée;" scene from "Les General Mellinet, Edouard Rodrigues, Bazin, and others. Dragons de Villars; fragment from "Les Dragons de There were distributed to certain schools - For adults, Villars;" finale of " Noces de Jeannette;" scene from 3 first prizes and 2 second prizes. For boys, 3 first prizes "Noces de Jeannette;" scene, 3rd act, "Mousquetaires;" and 1 second prize (divided). For girls, 1 first prize finale, 1st act, "Galathée;" operetta, "Le Chalet and 1 second prize. operetta, "Le Maître de Chapelle;" scene, "Barbier;" scene, 1st act, "Songe d'un Nuit d'Eté;" and scene, "Toréador." Piano-11 male and 35 female competitors. (This class is generally pronounced to have been weak.) Male pupils, 1 first, 2 second prizes; 2 first, 1 second, 2 third accessits. Female pupils, 3 first, 3 second prizes; 3 first, 3 second, 4 third accessits. Piece played by male pupils, "Concert Stück" (Weber); pieces played by female pupils, "Concerto in B minor" (Hummel). Harp-4 competitor. 1 first accessit only awarded. Opera-18 Competitors; av ards, male pupils, 1 first prize (divided between 2 pupils), 2 second prizes; 3 first 2 second accessits; female pupils, 1 first prize (divided between 2 pupils), 1 second prize, 1 first, 1 second accessit. Acts and scenes given:-Last scene "Romeo et Juliette;" scene," Robert le Diable." Schools for Religious Music. The competition amongst the pupils of the School for Religious Music took place on the 28th of July, under the presidency of M. Victor Hamille, Director of the Administration des Cultes, and M. Lefèvre Niedermeyer, the Director of the school. The following is the list of awards: Musical composition, counterpoint and fugue, harmony, organ (two divisions), plain chant, piano (two divisions) -2 prizes in each, first and second class; sol-fa-1 prize. It is remarkable that of all the laureates only one was of Paris, the others were from Pamiers, Arras, Dijon, Montpellier and Cambrai. International Competition at Cambrai. The international competition took place at Cambrai, on the 20th of August last. Four thousand artists sent in their names for the competition. MM. Ambrose Thomas, Gounod, Bazin, Elwart, Gevaert, Laurent de Rille, Sernaet, and other well known composers and professors, formed part of the Jury. The prizes were twelve Payment of the Opera Band. Wind Instruments-Flute, 1 first, 1 second prize; 2 first, 1 second, 1 third accessit. Horn, 1 second prize; 1 first accessit. Clarionet, 1 first, 2 second prizes; 1 first, 1 second accessit. Bassoon, 1 first, 1 second prize. Haut-" medals," of 300 francs each. bois, 1 first, 2 second prizes; 2 first, 2 second, 1 third accessit. Sarcophone, 1 first prize, 1 first prize divided in 2, 1 second prize, I second prize divided in 2; 3 first, 3 second, 3 third accessits. Saxhorn, 2 first, 1 second prize; 3 first accessits. Trumpet, 2 second prizes; 2 first, 1 second, 1 third accessit. Trombone, with slides, 1 first prize. Trombone-à-piston, 1 first prize; 1 first accessit. Cornet-à-piston, 2 first, 3 second prizes; 1 first accessit. The instrumental classes bear a high reputatien. Total Awards. has not been accorded. The members of the orchestra of the Grand Opera have lately petitioned for an increase of salary, which the performers receive 2,500 francs (£100) each a year; It appears that ten only of eight, from 2,000 francs to 2,200 francs cach; twentynine, from 1,300 francs to 1,800 francs each; thirtyfour, 1,200 francs each; one, 1,100 francs; one, 950 francs: and one, 750 francs. The petitioners asked for a slight rise in the higher salaries, and that each artist playing instruments, in the case of which a competitive examination is enforced, shall have at least 1,800 francs per annum. Amongst the solo players at the opera at the present moment are:-Flute, M. Dorus; Horn, M. Mohr; Cornet-à-piston, M. Forestier; Trombone, M. Dieppo (Professors at the Conservatoire); and MM. Altès, Cras, Berthélemy, Leroy, Rose, Maury, Lendet, and Garcia. The whole of these gentlemen are members of the Society of Concerts in the Conservatoire, and of the Imperial Chapel band. The performances at the Opera occur three times a week besides Sundays. Commerce. THE SUGAR TRADE.-The news of the French beetroot crop (say Messrs. Travers) continues to be favourable. The weather is beautiful, and, from the drought, little else can be done in the fields, so that the roots are being rapidly taken up and sent to the factories. Growers wish to profit by the unusually good condition of the root, and the facilities for transport given by the long days and fine weather. "Caution should be used, however," says the Journal des Fabricants de Sucre, "by the makers in taking in supplies, for it is doubtful whether the root will keep use brown sugar in very large quantities, and there is thus long in weather like the present-a burning sun, and some apparent justification for the practice of buying com nights not yet cooled by the autumn frosts. As to the paratively low qualities at a cheap rate, with the view of result of the manufacture, it is as yet too early to give an supplying the consumption of brown as well as of white opinion, but, notwithstanding some complaints of a want sugar; and the system, though wrong in theory, answered of density in the juice, there is ground for believing that very well while an extra protection duty was levied on a better yield than last year's will be obtained. The foreign refined. Since the imposition of the 12s. 10d. in season 1865-6 thus commences under favourable circum-place of the 18s. 4d. rate, the practice has to some extent stances, and bids fair to be highly remunerative to the been abandoned by our refiners, to enable them to keep growers, the makers, and .to France at large. The news the Dutch and French goods out of the market, but we from Germany is also improving. The misfortunes of might surely with profit use a stronger sugar for refining. the summer have been to a considerable extent impaired Some light has recently been thrown on the kinds most by the late superb weather, and even the field injured by suited to the refiner by the examinations carried on with the grey worm look far better than could have been ex-polarized light by M. Emile Monier, into the constitution pected some time since. An average harvest of the of sugar, and published in his work, "Guide pour l'Essai root is looked for in Germany. The reports as to the et l'Analyse des Sucres." (Paris: E. Lacroix.) This book saccharine richness of the juice differ greatly, but there contains a perfect mine of information for refiners, and it is as yet little authentic information to be had, as most of would seem that the polariscope, or optical saccharometer, the makers have put off commencing work for some by which the results given are arrived at, is not nearly so weeks later than usual, in order to let the root benefit well known among us as it ought to be. By the use of as much as possible by the favourable weather. In this delicate instrument the saccharine richness of sugar Silesia, however, it is ascertained that the juice is can be shown to the minutest fraction, and the system of very rich and easy to work. Fourteen and even 145 classification by shades of colour, or of types, is shown to per cent. of sugar is shown by the polariscope to exist be entirely delusive. A yellow sugar, of which the in the juice, in by no means rare cases." While the crystals are clear and good, is often richer than a white prospect of the crop is thus generally favourable, its sugar of which the crystals are hardly formed, or badly abundance has created alarm in the French market, where defined. The richness also varies in samples of sugar of a perfect glut of sugar appears to be anticipated. The the same shade of colour. Thus, No. 12 of French rise in the price of cane sugar in England, while in beetroot sugar contains from 92 to 97 per cent. of crystalFrance the advance has been to nothing like the same lizable sugar-a difference of 4 per cent. in richness and a extent, has called the attention of English buyers to the margin of 4 francs in the buying price. At the same time French market; and large purchases have been made of this sugar (No. 12), when good, contains 97 per cent., cane and beetroot sugar for our ports. This new outlet or the same saccharine richness as some samples of Nos has given more confidence to the French makers, and has 18 and 19, worth 48. or 58. per cwt. more in the enabled many of them to make remunerative contracts. market. We propose to return to the light thrown by The purchases of refining kinds of beetroot sugar for M. Monier's figures on the sugar duties in a future article, Great Britain have been large, but we believe that the and at present to notice his conclusions on the relative orders have principally come from the Clyde. We hope, richness of sugar. M. Monier states that beetroot sugar, however, at a not distant date, to see crystallised beetroot as presented in the market, is richer than any other kind sugar, suited for direct consumption, regularly offered in of saccharine matter, and gives the greatest yield when this market. Pieces have already been sold for forward refined. The principal distinction between cane and beetdelivery in this market. White crystallised sugar is now root sugar is, that the former contains 10 to 15 times as quoted at 35fr. the 50 kilos. in Paris, or about 43s. 6d. much glucose or incrystallizable sugar. Independent here; and even if there is not sufficient margin between testimony to the superiority of the beetroot to the cane prices in the two countries at present, we shall probably sugar is given by Mr. Barron, in his report upon the before long see fine French sugar, defying the higher duty Belgian Sugar Industry ("Reports of the Secretaries of and competing with our refiners' goods in moist as well as Legation," No. 6, page 208:-"Beetroot sugar is prestoved kinds. It is certainly a remarkable fact that the ferred by the refiners for the volume and whiteness of its foreign refiners, in spite of the charge for freight, the yield. In refining it gives a much larger yield in loaves 12s. 10d. duty, and the equitable drawbacks supposed to be than Havana or Jamaica sugar." After the beetroot, M. established by the Convention, should be enabled to beat Monier places the sugars of Java, Cuba, Mauritius, and our refiners in their own markets. We Englishmen, in our Bourbon; and last, those of Martinique, Gaudaloupe, national pride, are too apt to pre-suppose that we can beat and Porto Rico. We should be curious to know where M. all foreigners in machinery and its applications to our Monier would place the lower classes of British West own particular province. But this over-confidence in India sugars, on which he has apparently made no experiour own merit has lately had some severe shocks, in the ments. We fear they would end his list. These inability of English to compete with foreign machinists in analyses throw considerable light on the question of supplying locomotive engines and other machines. Pre- why the foreign refiner can produce loaf sugar more sumptuous persons have even ventured to hint that we cheaply than the English-it is by the use of beetroot, are far inferior to the French, and even to the Scotch, in Java, Cuba, and Mauritius sugars-instead of interior everything connected with sugar-making; but the chilling kinds. The interest taken by the trade in the imports reception given to their insinuations has discouraged a of beetroot will be added to, as the refiner makes more repetition of the attempt to shake the confidence of loaf sugar from it. With some approach to free trade Londoners in the skill of their countrymen. The in sugar, English refiners must be ready to make changes foreigners certainly use a far better class of sugar for in their manufacture, or they will continue to lose ground. refining, and it would be worth while to find out why In the revenue returns for the year 1864-5, a charge they do so. Is it because the continental consumption of appears for native British sugar, and this item has led brown sugar is limited, and that in consequence of this to some speculation, on the part of those interested in inet the refiners buy a strong and fine sugar in order to the subject, as to whether beetroot had again been tried 150 e as little pieces as possible? If this explanation be in England. That starch sugar was made in this city buildit, it is evident that the reason of the foreigners was certainly not generally known, as it was thought that orchest cheaper sugar is found; for in order to enable the the manufacture was prohibited by the excise. The folwall at thd bastards left after extracting the loaves to com-lowing extract from the Times, however, shows that a but ten-side, raw sugar, the London refiners have been obliged is the loge d lower products at little or no profit, and to get concerts of throm the stoved sugar. The English public a donation of tv is a good-sized at general misapprehension existed on the subject:-"Britishmade sugar has long held a merely nominal place in our list of exciseable articles, but in the past year two manu factories of glucose, or starch sugar, have been established in London. The quantity brought to charge in the financial year 1864-65 was 1,064 cwts. The materials from which this sugar is made are chiefly sago and potato starch. It has but little resemblance to cane sugar, and less sweetness than the lowest class of colonial sugars The rate of duty with which it has been charged is 9s. 4d. per cwt., being that on yellow Muscovado, or brown clayed sugar. It is stated that it is intended to be used in brewing. The imposition of the 98. 4d. rate on sugar possessing so little saccharine matter gives a new instance of the injustice of the scale of duties. cent. Colonies. WHEAT IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA.-The acreage of the wheat crop last year amounted to 390,836 acres, or twothirds of the total cultivated land. In 1863-4 there were 335,758 acres under wheat, or 60 per cent. of the tilled land; the increase this season, therefore, amounts to 6 per The total produce of the harvest was 4,252,949 bushels, compared with 4,691,919 bushels in the yield of the previous harvest, showing a decrease of 438,970 bushels, the average yield per acre being only 11 bushels as against 14 bushels last, and one bushel less than the average of the last seven years. There is no doubt but that the low average of the South Australian wheat crop is owing to the imperfect cultivation of a great portion of the land; many small holders are compelled to plough and sow the same ground year after year, without any intermission or attempt to replenish the soil by fallowing or other means, resulting in a very low return, and thus reducing the average result of the whole colony, which is invariably exceeded by the better class of farmers, whose more extensive holdings enable them to pursue a Systematic plan of operations, in which more careful tillage, rest for the soil, and a combination with stock farming are stated to be essential to, and generally productive of, success. Seven-eighths of the wheat crop was reaped by machine, being less than last year, notwithstanding the increased cultivation. The most important advantage our farmers possess over those of the sister colonies is the expedition and economy with which their crops can be gathered, owing to the successful method of the reaping machines now universally used on all but hilly ground, permitting of the grain being reaped, winnowed, cleaned and bagged on the harvest-field, and removed into the store ere the day is closed. The high prices ruling for wheat have caused the farmers to look more particularly to their grain crop for profit, and had the effect of reducing the breadth laid down for hay by 9,020 acres, the total area sown being only 66,570, compared with 75,590 acres the previous year; and, as the average yield was 4 cwt. less-say 23 cwt. instead of 27 cwt. per acre, the deficiency in the crop is very large, no less than 25,637 tons; the total quantity grown being 76,656 tons, against 102,293 tons in 1863-4, showing a falling off of one-fourth. The amount expended by the Board in stipends to teachers was £12,914, or on an average £48 78. 4d. for each teacher, and an average of 198. 11d. for each scholar, against £1 3s. for the year previous. The aggregate amount of school fees received by teachers from parents, &c., of 11,954 scholars, not including 1,005 destitute, for which the fees are paid by the Board, nor for evening scholars, was £12,555 10s. The entire cost of education at the public schools, exclusive of all expenses, is shown to be £26,476 3s., or an average of £2 0s. 10d. for each scholar, against £2 1s. for 1863. This also gives the entire average receipt of each of the 258 teachers, the average number for the year £102 12s. 44d. against £101 7s. 7d. for 1863. Notes. PARIS EXHIBITION OF 1867.-The Imperial Commission has confirmed, by public notification, the report concerning the plan to be adopted with respect to the motive power to be employed at the Exhibition. Instead of concentrating the generators and motive engines on one spot, as in the case of former Exhibitions, the Imperial Commission deems it preferable to distribute them in several distinct buildings around the palace, in order to give increased facilities, and at the same time more security against accidents or interruption in the service. It has decided also that the power shall be supplied, not by the Commission, but by private engineers and contractors, who will be invited, on certain conditions, to set up one or more groups of generators, with all the necessary means of transmitting power to the machinery to be driven. The contractors for this service will, as far as possible, be taken from the body of French and foreign exhibitors, and the boilers and driving machinery will form an integral porexhibitor of motive machinery is to be explicitly noted in tion of the Exhibition. The duty undertaken by each the catalogue. The power may be obtained by steam or any other means offering sufficient guarantees. Of course, the exact details of the work to be undertaken cannot be given until the arrangements are more advanced, but those who desire to tender for the supply of motive power may consult a statement of the general conditions laid down by the Commission for such service, and now lying for reference at the offices of the Commission at the Palais de l'Industrie, in the Champs Elysées. EXHIBITION OF FISHING APPLIANCES.-The Prefect of the Pas de Calais has established an international exhibition of fish and fishing appliances at Boulogne-sur-Mer, Minister of Marine. The object of the Prefect is to give under the patronage of the Marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat, the fishermen in his department an opportunity of learning the manner in which fish are caught in other countries, both in salt and fresh water. It may be interesting to state that the Society of Arts, nearly one hundred years since, opened an exhibition of a similar character at its house in London, for the purpose of instructing English fishermen in the methods employed by the Dutch in the turbot fishery, which was at that time wholly in their hands. And further, the Society offered the sum of £500, to be awarded as prizes of £5 and £3 for each hundred of fish of given size, caught and brought to shore by English vessels. In order further to facilitate the learning of the art, each vessel was allowed to have one foreigner on ASYLUM FOR THE MIDDLE CLASSES.-There exists in EDUCATION IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA-The Report of the South Australian Board of Education for the year 1864 has been published in the Colonial Government Gazette. It shows that during the year there was an increase of 20 schools and 1,190 scholars on the previous year. The average number of schools for the year was 258, and the number of scholars on the rolls, 11,511, being an increase of 817 scholars on the previous year. The following board. table exhibits the number of scholars at their most favourable season, with their increase or decrease on the pre-Paris and in other parts of France many excellent estab vious year, the number of licensed teachers being equal to the number of schools: 1shments for the relief of persons of small income, some of which take the form of hospitals and lunatic asylums, (maisons de santé), while others serve as retreats for the aged. One of the latter class has just been opened at Auteuil, near the Bois de Boulogne; it was established by the Administration of Public Assistance, with funds given by a gentleman and lady named Chardon-Lagache. The new asylum receives married couples, as well as single Bricks and tiles-2398-W. Porter. persons, and the expenses are defrayed half by the in-Box-irons-2358-J. Whitehouse. Brooms and brushes-2386-G. Smith and C. Ritchie. Noxious gases, deodorizing-2451-E. Brooke. NAMES OF STREETS IN PARIS.-An old street, with a long antiquated name, Rue des Ecuries d'Artois, so called from the fact of the stables of the Count d'Artois having originally occupied the site, is to be re-christened after the poet and romancist, Alfred de Vigny, who resided there for forty years in the same house. Few literary men have left a brighter or purer name than Alfred de Vigny. Many streets and boulevards in Paris are named after literary and scientific celebrities, French and foreign. Peat for fuel, preparing-2469-G. T. Bousfield. Paper and envelopes, bordering-2441-J. Parkins. Arago, Balzac, Byron, Béranger, Boileau, Beaumarchais, Preserving food, &c., vessels for-2473-L. H. Gillet. Bossuet, Buffon, Chérubini, Ciébillon, Chateaubriand, Railway plant to ensure the safety of passengers-2463-C. N. Cuvier, Dalembert, Descartes, Dupuytren, Fénelon, Fon-Reaping and mowing machines-2310-J. Brigham and R. Bickerton, Kernot and N. Symons. tain, Fontenelle, Franklin, Fulton, Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Reaping machines-2324-C. T. Burgess. La Harpe, Jacquard, Rousseau, Jean Gougon, Jussieu, Safes-2318-A. E. Nordenskiold and J. W. Smith. La Bruyére, La Fontaine, Lavoisier, Richard Lenoir, Safes-2457-C. Parigot and A. Grivel. Lulli, Masillon, Molière, Montesquieu, Montgolfier, New-ships and boats, propellers for-2258-R. Davies. Sewing machines-2169-D. Macpherson. ton, Pascal, Rabelais, Racine, Réaumur, Regnier, Rossini, Say, Sedaine, Thénard, Watt, Volta, Voltaire, and many more. It is a popular and most economical mode of keeping the names of great men in the mind of the people. INTERNATIONAL POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS.-The French government loses no opportunity of improving its postal arrangements with foreign countries. Three decrees have just been published respecting conventions made between Switzerland, Prussia, and France. On and after the 1st of October, in the present year, the postage of a single letter weighing ten grammes, the third of an English ounce, passing between any part of France or Algeria and Switzerland, will be reduced to thirty centimes; at present the charge is equal to four pence per quarter ounce. At the same time, post-office orders will be exchangeable between the two countries, as they already are between France and Italy. The still more recent convention between France and Prussia will make no alteration in the postage of letters as regards Prussia proper, but will allow of the transmission of commercial and business papers at the rate of fifty centimes per two hundred grammes, or about five pence for rather more than six ounces and a half; it also establishes the exchange of money orders, not only between France and Prussia, but also between the former and the other States of Germany served directly by the Prussian post. No order is to exceed two hundred francs in amount, and the tare is fixed at twenty centimes for every ten francs. The establishment of the system of post-office orders between these four countries-France, Italy, Prussia, and Switzerland, affirms the principal of small payments by the means of the post, and there is little doubt that before long it will be extended over of the whole of Europe. Boots and shoes, water-proof soles for-2449-J. W. Coburn. Ships, cleansing and coating the bottoms of-2316-R. P. Roberts. Steam boilers, preventing incrustation of-2321-W. and S. T Stirrup latch bar-2320-8. Davis. Swivels-2334-J. Welch. Steam engines, condensing the steam of-2376-F. Daina. INVENTIONS WITH COMPLETE SPECIFICATIONS FILED. 1050. W. Weatherley. 1011. A. G. Hunter. 1012. S. Moore. 1018. R. A. Brooman. 1013. T. Turton. PATENTS SEALED. 1020. W. Brooks. 1025. W. Clark. 1026. D. Payne. 1044. G. A. Montenat. 1070. M. Smith. From Commissioners of Patents Journal, October 10th. 910. H. A. Bonneville. 1042. H. Sikes. 1045. J. M. Hart. 1046. T. J. Mayall. PATENTS SEALED. 1085. J. Gardner, R. Lee, G. Wain, S. Hargrove, a 1109. F. Wise. 1047. F. Bapty and E. B. Sayers. 1111. D. S. Buchanan. 1061. C. Turner. 1063. T. Bennett. 1065. J. McDowall. 1075. E. and G. H. Morgan. 1077. A. W. Hale. 1125. E. Lord. 1175. J. W. Lowther. 1223. J. H. Johnson. 1679. J. Gale. 2207. A. Bessemer. 2387. B. Goodfellow. Bourdon's" steam pressure guage, improvements on-1509-T. E. 2212. G. Hamilton &W. H. Nash. 2787. J. Jobson. |