some other correspondent of yours with like facilities, kindly say if this be so? Beyond question, these servants' hall forfeits throw a side light on those of the barbers' shops mentioned in Measure for Measure (Act v. sc. 1): "Stand like the forfeits in a barber's shop, As much in mock as mark." And they help to support the conviction that though the rhymed list propounded by Kenrick* may have been doctored and edited, yet it was probably founded on a genuine prototype. Kenrick's barber's forfeits were stated to have been seen near Northallerton, in Yorkshire. Moort saw a similar list in a barber's at Alderton, in Suffolk, in which he remembers that some of the lines in Kenrick's version occurred. Can any of your readers refer me to another list of such forfeits? ZERO. PALEY AND THE WATCH ILLUSTRATION (4th S. xi. 354, 452; xii. 15, 95; 5th S. x. 253, 522.)Prof. Huxley, in a recent lecture, erred as to Paley when he ventured to say that the latter's argument was not "founded on fact," since the hand (on which he was lecturing) grew. Paley's fact is not manufacture or growth, but design, which would be the same whether the watch had "growed" (like Topsy) or been made. To Paley design or chance were the only alternatives; he rejects as irrational "possible combinations of material forms," "a principle of order," "result of laws," and, what is most striking, he even anticipates the professor's objection of growth (Nat. Theol., c. ii.). If the watch had the power of reproduction, as a living body has, the argument of design would only be strengthened, and it would apply to the generated thing as well as to the manufactured one. W. F. HOBSON. Ospringe. The argument from design, of which the watch is the best illustration, is as old, if not as Adam, at least as the first fool who said in his heart, and made public his discovery, that there is no God. There is a passage from one of Lord Macaulay's essays, quoted by Dr. Newman in his Lectures on University Subjects, which puts this very forcibly. Macaulay says: "CHOIROCHOROGRAPHIA, SIVE HOGLANDIE DESCRIPTIO" (5th S. x. 428, 455, 477.)—I have now before me, bound in an octavo volume, this Latin poem and another, entitled Muscipula, sive Kambromyomachia, both printed in 1709. The history of these facetious productions, so far as I can make out from internal evidence, is that Muscipula, or the Mouse-trap, was written by E. Holdsworth, and addressed to Robert Lloyd, a Welsh gentleman, whom he calls his "dear School-fellow." In the poem the invention of the mouse-trap is "As respects natural religion, it is not easy to see celebrated as the grandest discovery of Wales. that the philosopher of the present day is more favourChoirochorographia is a "retort courteous" to the ably situated than Thales or Simonides. He has before Muscipula, giving a playful description of Hamp-him just the same evidences of design in the structure shire, the native county of Holdsworth, under the reasoning by which Socrates, in Xenophon's hearing, of the universe which the early Greeks had.......The name of "Hogland," and alluding to the invention confuted the little atheist Aristodemus is exactly the of sausages or hog's-puddings as the great dis- reasoning in Paley's Natural Theology. Socrates makes covery of Hampshire. precisely the same use of the statues of Polycletus and the pictures of Zeuxis which Paley makes of the watch." EDWARD H. MARSHALL. The Temple. In Nichols's Literary Anecdotes, vol. iii. p. 67, the Muscipula is mentioned as a poem which is esteemed a masterpiece of its kind, written with the purity of Virgil, whom the author so perfectly understood, and with the pleasantry of Lucian.” I possess two translations of the Mouse-trap into English, one by Samuel Cobb, M.A., late of Trinity College, Cambridge, the other by Gentleman of Oxford." a E. Holdsworth was son of the Rector of North Stoneham, Southampton, the rectory now possessed by the Rev. Canon Beadon, whose centenarianism does not appear to be doubted even by the late editor of "N. & Q." A. B. MIDDLETON. The Close, Salisbury. Quoted at length in Nares, ed. Wright and Halliwell, 1876. See Dyce's Shakspeare Glossary, whence I take the reference to Moor, Suffolk Words, &c., 1823, p. 133. Dyce partly believed in Kenrick's list. Steevens pronounced it a forgery, and certainly many of the expressions are suspicious. Fuller (Holy State), 1642, also mentions these barbers' forfeits. The passage is quoted ante, 5th S. vii. 489. BOSTON SOUNDED "BAWSTON" (5th S. x. 338, 357, 377, 526.)-R. R. is quite right as to the pronunciation of Boston, and X. P. D. and MR. WALTER WHITE are quite wrong. The last, if I do not mistake, made peregrinations in various parts of England beside the one to which he tion of Lincolnshire must surely have picked up a alludes, and in giving examples of the pronuncianote-book relating to Lancashire. Man and boy I have lived in Lincolnshire (my native county) nearly sixty years, and never in my life have I heard the expression, "Wen't ye keäm in?" No, MR. WHITE, it would undoubtedly be, "Weän't y' cum in?" "Noä cheatin' this time." "A weant tak nowt for it," &c. "Oi," " Oy," "loiar" (for liar), or "lags" (for legs) do not belong to Lincolnshire. Neither let MR. WHITE pin his faith too strongly upon the Laureate's Northern Farmer as illustrating Lincolnshire (least of all North Lincolnshire) pronunciation. Mr. Tennyson's CENTENARIANS (5th S. x. 406.)-The translation of the A. V. in Ecclus. xix. (cor. xviii. 9) does not accurately represent the language of the original: Αριθμὸς ἡμερῶν ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ ἔτη ἑκατόν, so far as the rendering of Tollá by "at the most." It is certainly in accordance with the Vulgate "ut multum centum anni"; but this is not followed by all the subsequent versions. Coverdale has, "Yf the nombre of a mans dayes be allmost an hundreth yeare, it is moch." The Bishops' Bible adds a clause, and has, "If the number of a mans dayes be almost an hundred yeeres, it is much: and no man hath certaine knowledge of his death." The Geneva Bible has the same. The A. V. represents the Vulgate. But the more literal version is, "The number of man's days is many hundred years," taking "man's " collectively. The word "man" is so taken in v. 8, "What is man"; but while it is exactly the same in the Greek, it is changed to "a man," individually, in A. V., v. 9. In the collective sense it would mean, comparing the many centuries of man's life on earth, what is this space of time to eternity? And this agrees with v. 10, where again there is a variety of rendering. The Greek is ὄντως ὀλίγα ἔτη ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἀιῶνος, which the Vulgate translates, "Sic exigui anni in die ævi." Here also Coverdale has, "So are these few yeares to the dayes euerlastinge"; and the Bishops' and the Genevan versions are the same, only the Bishops' Bible inserts "of" before "euerlasting." The A. V., however, has here, "So are a thousand years to the days of eternity," a translation derived from the substitution of χίλια for ὀλίγα. This is so in the version in the Complutensian Polyglot. But it is diya in the Oxford edition of the Septuagint, from the MS. Vat., with no notice of any variation in MS. Alex. It would seem that the writer of Ecclesiasticus is dealing with the general comparison of time and eternity, without assigning a definite limit to the extreme period of man's life, as it is in A. V. Cf. 2 Pet. iii. 8. ED. MARSHALL. Scriptures, namely, Deut. xxiii. 2 (in A. V., xxiii. 3) and Zech. ix. 6, and is rendered in the Authorized Version bastard." In the Talmud the word is interpreted as comprising those only born of adultery or incest. The root of the word is probably cognate with the Arab. madara, "to be foul." Cp. Gesenius (eighth ed., 1878). Would your correspondent be kind enough to cite passages where William I. is styled "mamzer"? A. L. MAYHEW. For explanation of this word see Sir Francis Palgrave's Normandy and England. I have not the book at hand, so cannot give the exact reference. K. P. D. E. "CHRISTIANITY WITHOUT THE CROSS" (5th S. x. 460.)-Probably the book for which TowNLEY asks is Christianity without the Cross a Corruption of the Gospel of Christ, a sermon preached before the University of Oxford on Septuagesima Sunday, 1875, by the Rev. E. B. Pusey, D.D., &c. (J. Parker & Co., Oxford and London). The Temple. EDWARD H. MARSHALL. THE CHRISTIAN NAME OF GOSPATRIC (5th S. x. 443.)-The suggestion of ANGLO-SCOTUS that the prefix to Patrick in this name may mean "servant or disciple" is not far wrong. Although I know also nothing of Celtic, I think I may say he will find that this prefix is the local form (Cumbrian ?) of Gwas, from which word as it was in Gallo-Celtic, through French, we have the derivatives Vassal and Vavasour. Gwas is repeated in the latter word, which as more anciently spelt Vasvasor makes its meaning evident, i. e. the vassal of a vassal. The idea of Sir Henry Spelman and others that this word was originally Valvasor, a doorkeeper, is erroneous, though this spelling of it may be found in Du Cange. The Earl Gospatric, whose tombstone inscribed with his name only is in Durham Cathedral, was not the first of his name in his family, for he and the son of the thane Arkill were doubtless named after their relative Gospatric, who was slain at York on the fourth night of Christmas, 1065 (cf. "N. & Q.," 5th S. iii. 131). I may here note that Mr. Freeman (Hist. Nor- | man Conquest) is certainly mistaken in supposing the Gospatric of the Domesday Book, Yorkshire, to have been the earl, whereas there are many circumstances which all but prove this was the son of Arkill. He was lord of Masham, &c., and his neighbour of Middleham, in the same dale, bore curiously the Gaelic equivalent (?) of his name— Ghilepatric. Other names, which more frequently occur in the Lowlands of Scotland afterwards, are to be found in Yorkshire at this date (1086). For example, Crinan, Maldred, Malcolum, Ghile bride, Ghilander, among others. A. S. ELLIS. Westminster. J. T. F. For other instances of its occurrence see the Newminster Cartulary, Surtees Series, vol. lxvi., pp. xi, 117, 185, 268, 269, 297. Bp. Hatfield's Hall, Durham. ANTIQUITY OF THE WHIP-TOP (5th S. x. 427.)-a May I found a query on this note? I have no doubt the Elizabethan Prayer Book and its initial letters are interesting; but that proves not the antiquity of the whip-top. My question is, When was there a time when youth had not this toy? In the seventh book of the Eneid of Virgil, 11. 378-384, the wildness of the Latian Queen Amata, roused to fury by Juno and Alecto, is compared with the gyrations of a top lashed by a circle of boys in a paved court : "Ceu quondam torto volitans sub verbere turbo, But the Greeks had Béμßig and póußos; and In a mutilated and fragmentary window at Thornbill Church, near Dewsbury, is a representation of a female holding a child on each arm, while two others are playing at her feet. One of them has a top spinning on the ground, and I think a whip raised in his right hand. The glass is of the latter part of the fifteenth century, and is supposed to represent the Blessed Virgin and St. Joseph, our Saviour, and his foster brother St. James. J. T. F. Bp. Hatfield's Hall, Durham. Some account of him will be found in the Journal of Yorkshire Archaol. and Top. Assoc., vol. iv. p. 385. H. FISHWICK, F.S.A. JOHN WALKER, LEXICOGRAPHER (5th S. x. 447.) -The following extract from the Gentleman's Magazine may be useful to W. S. :— Friern Barnet, in Hertfordshire, in 1732. He went on "John Walker, a philological writer, was born at the stage, which he quitted in 1767 to join Mr. Usher in The Penny Cyclopædia gives a fair sketch of his early connexion with the stage and his subsequent work as a lecturer on elocution and an author. It states that he was born at Colney hatch, in the parish of Friern-Barnet, Middlesex,_ March 18, 1732, and after being brought up as a Presbyterian became a Roman Catholic, and was buried among his co-religionists in Old St. Pancras churchyard, London, having died August 1, 1807. JOSIAH MILLER, M.A. WATNEY'S DISTILLERY, BATTERSEA (5th S. x. 448.)-Mr. Walford in Old and New London states that York House stood near the water-side, on the spot now occupied by Price's Candle Factory. Lysons speaks of York House as standing in his time, and that formerly it was the occasional residence of the archbishhps. Was not Watney's Distillery erected on the site of Bolingbrook House, where Pope is said to have composed his Essay on EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. Man? 71, Brecknock Road, N. "DEATH-BED SCENES AND PASTORAL CONVERSATIONS" (5th S. x. 514.)-I do not think that there is any one living better able than myself to answer the query of your correspondent MR. PICKFORD as to the authorship of the above work; for I am the only surviving child of the Rev. William Wood, B.D., once student of Ch. Ch., Oxford, afterwards Rector and Vicar of Fulham and Canon of St. Paul's, and at the time of his decease, in 1841, Rector of Coulsdon, Surrey, and Canon of Canterbury. I well remember as a child copying out the first of his stories for him, and oftentimes afterwards running in as I passed his study door to see how he was getting on, and peeping over his shoulder to read the last paragraph before the ink was dry. His reason for adopting a nom de plume and inventing the fiction of the book's being published by the sons of the late "Dr. Warton" was, he told me, that he feared his parishioners might be reluctant to send for him if they knew that there was a chiel amang them taking notes." The work made, I believe, a great sensation at the time, and the late Rev. J. Keble was not the only leader of the Oxford school who pronounced Death-bed Scenes the dawn of the Oxford movement. After my father's death my mother published a fresh edition with a life of the author prefixed to it, written at her request by one of his Oxford pupils, the Rev. John Russell, D.D., some time Head Master of the Charterhouse School, and at that date Rector of Bishopsgate and Canon of Canterbury. CHARLOTTE WOOD. formerly did, with the conditions that he, receiving a IONA (4th S. iv. 325, 520; v. 75.)—About Oxford. CAPT. JAMES KING (5th S. x. 27, 75, 278.)-The two James Kings mentioned by ABHBA were not related. The pedigree of the Master of the Ceremonies at Bath and Cheltenham runs thus : The Rev. Thos. King, M.A., Prebendary of Swords, co. Dublin (sixth son of James King, Esq., of Corrard and Gola, co. Fermanagh, by Nicholis Johnston his wife, v. Burke's Peerage, &c., s.v. PARISH DOCUMENTS (5th S. x. 427, 527.)-I suspect that a "cate" is connected with the French acheter, to purchase, and that when notice was given of the owner's intention to sell to a stranger any one of the next of kin might assert a prior right to buy at the same price. G. O. E. THE PARISH BULL (5th S. x. 248, 354; xi. 15.) -"The Mayor of Marlborough, in consideration" King, Bart. of Corrard "), born in Fermanagh, of his finding a town bull, receives 8d. for every cow turned on a piece of land called 'the Portfield,' belonging to the Corporation." See Appendix (part 1) to the Report of the Commissioners on Municipal Corporations of England and Wales, 1835, vol. i. p. 63. And among the items of expenditure by the Corporation of Nottingham, given in the same Reports (vol. ii. p. 1972), is the following: "Paid for the bull for the commons, 71. 108." G. L. GOMME. Edwards, in his Collection of Old English Customs and Curious Bequests and Charities, London, 1842, says : "From a copy of court roll of the manor of Isleworth Syon, dated 29th December, 1675, it appears that Thomas Cole surrendered 4a. 1r. of customary land lying in several places in the fields of Twickenham, called the Parish Land, anciently belonging to the inhabitants of Twickenham, for keeping a bull for the common use of the inhabitants, in trust for the use of the said inhabitants for keeping and maintaining a sufficient bull for the use aforesaid. An entry in an old churchwardens' ledger of the 6th October, 1622, states an agreement between the Vestry and Mr. Robert Bartlett, that he should hold the three acres and a half of the Parish Land with the Bull Mead, paying the same rent to the parish as he 1663; imprisoned by the Jacobite Government in 1689; m. Elizabeth, dau. and heiress of John Bernard, Esq., of Drumin, co. Louth (and relict of the Rev. John Archdall, Vicar of Lusk, whose death, in 1690, was occasioned by the troubles of the period); he died Jan. 1, 1709, leaving issue by her (who d. Dec., 1731). Their eldest son James King, D.D., Prebendary of Tipper, and Rector of St. Bride's, Dublin, the friend of Dean Swift and one of the executors of his will, d. 1759, leaving issue by his first wife, Margaret (who d. Aug. 19, 1748), four sons, the eldest of whom was Robert, LL.D., Dean of Kildare, and the second, Thomas King of Dublin, m. Nov. 10, 1748, Mary, dau. of Alderman John Adamson, of Dublin, and d. Oct., 1800, leaving issue by her (who d. Dec., 1791), with two daurs. (Margaret, d. unm. 1782, and Elizabeth), one son James King, a captain in the army, who distinguished himself in the American War (v. The Original Bath Guide, by Meyler, Bath, 1841). He retired from the service, and, in 1786, was Master of the Ceremonies at the Lower Rooms, Bath, and became M.C., in 1811, at the Upper Assembly Rooms (v. The Bath Archives, Diaries and Letters of Sir Geo. Jackson, K.C.H., Lond., 1873, p. 302), and, as mentioned by ABHBA, was also M.C. at Cheltenham. He m. Aug. 18, 1794, Margaret, sister and heiress of Sir John Bulkeley, Knt., of Presaddfed, Bodedern, Anglesey; she d. s.p. 1830. Mr. King d. Oct. 16, 1816, leaving no legitimate issue; he was, however, father of a son, James King, who was educated for the army, and became a gallant soldier. Being adopted by Mrs. King, he succeeded to her estate of Presaddfed. In 1806 he got his commissions as ensign and lieutenant, and in 1811 his captaincy in the Light Infantry. He served in the W. Indies, and at the capture of St. Domingo, in 1809, and was subsequently with the 87th Royal Irish Fusileers in the Peninsula. He was severely wounded in the leg at Vittoria in 1813. Capt. King served the office of high sheriff for his county, and m. Mary Moullin, a Guernsey lady, who d. Aug. 5, 1873, aged seventy-seven. Her husband did not long survive her, as he died s.p., deeply regretted by all who knew him, on October 8 following, at the advanced age of eightysix years. He never fully recovered the effects of a brutal assault made on him by one Thomas Kelly, a tramp, and doubtless the shock of the occurrence hastened the death of his wife. According to the report of Kelly's trial in the Times of Mar. 21, 1873, "This man went into the kitchen of the house (of Presaddfed) at dusk on the 8th of Nov. last, while the three female servants were at tea. There was no man about the premises. The prisoner brandished a stone-breaker's hammer, and demanded to see Captain King. Being refused, he made his way into the room where Captain and Mrs. King were sitting. Captain King rose to ask his business, when he gave him a violent push. Captain King fell across the fender, fracturing one of his ribs. In consequence of his injuries he has been ill ever since, and was not even able to attend court." Kelly was sentenced to ten years' penal servitude: five years for the assault on Capt. King, and five for assaulting one of the maid-servants. Capt. King bequeathed his estate to the Stanleys of Alderley. Kensington, W. C. S. K. THE LATE W. G. CLARK (5th S. x. 400, 407, 438.)-Mention is made at the earliest of the above references of the well-known excellence of the Greek and Latin verse composition by W. G. C. May I ask whether any specimens were printed beyond those in Sabrina Corolla? If A. J. M. would privately favour me with the loan of any of the versions from In Memoriam or any of the Sales Attici to which he refers, I should be deeply indebted to him. P. J. F. GANTILLON. 5, Fauconberg Terrace, Cheltenham. YANKEE (5th S. x. 467; xi. 18.)-We use the word "Yankee" often, but how many of us have ever thought whence it was derived? I should be glad to hear the opinion of your correspondents as to the following:-The word "yanks" is always used in the east of Lincolnshire to describe the coarse, untanned leather gaiters worn by the country folk. There was a large exodus from this part of the country to America. Might not, therefore, the word "Yankee" have been used to distinguish those who wore these gaiters or "yanks," the incoming strangers, from the original inhabitants, who wore mocassins? SALF. LATTON PRIORY (5th S. x. 147, 298.)-The difficulty of your correspondents seems to lie in a confusion of the dedication (St. John Baptist) of a desecrated priory church with that (St. Mary the Virgin) of an adjacent secular or parish church, often so found, still surviving. This is evident from the extract itself, from the History of Essex, which MR. MARSHALL gives, 5th S. x. 298. But he has too hastily concluded that the dedication, St. Mary, is "incorrectly" given in that book because Bacon's Liber Regis gives it as St. John B. It is more likely that Bacon is in error in imputing the dedication of the past priory to the surviving parish church. THOMAS KERSLAKE. Bristol. THE PUBLICATION OF CHURCH REGISTERS (5 S. vi. 484; vii. 9, 89, 131, 239, 290, 429, 459; viii. 53, 152; x. 470, 498, 516.)-The Vicar of Leigh, near Manchester, the Rev. J. H. Stanning, is practically solving this important question. In The Leigh Parish Magazine for January, 1879, he has commenced to reprint his registers verbatim, and promises to go on with them until completed. The large number of parish magazines under the control of the clergy forms an admirable means of putting the registers out of the reach of loss or damage; and it would be satisfactory to know that other clergymen are following the example of the Vicar of Leigh. The registers, which begin in 1559-60, are of considerable interest; and Mr. Stanning has it in view to issue his reprint separately. JOHN E. BAILEY. Stretford, Manchester. "How LORD NAIRN WAS SAVED" (5th S. xi. 9.) -The song of the men of Kenmure, which begins "Kenmure's on and awa', Willie," was one of the favourite and most spirited of the Jacobite ballads of 1715. The fourth verse contains the line which Sir F. Doyle has used as a household or familiar expression :— "For Kenmure's lads are men, Willie, For Kenmure's lads are men; Their hearts and swords are mettle true, And that their faes shall ken." The entire song is to be found in all the collecti of Scotch ballads of 1715. EDWARD SOLLY. |