An Apostrophe ['] marked by a Comma at the Top of a Letter, fhews fome Letter or Letters to be there left out; as, lov'd for loved, can't for cannot. A Quotation [or ""] marked by inverted Commas, includes a Paffage taken from fome Author, or spoken by fome other Perfon. A Diærefis or Dialyfis [...] marked by two Dots over the latter of two Vowels, fhews that what would otherwife be a Diphthong, must be divided. into two diftinct Syllables; as, Agifilaüs, Danaë. A Hyphen [-] is ufed to join the Syllables of a Word together, efpecially fuch as are partly in one Line and partly in another; as, la-bor, befet. It ferves alfo to compound two different Words into one; as, all-powerful, felf-rewarded. A Caret [A] denotes an Interlineation, and fhews where to bring in what what had been omitted in writing. The fame Mark when placed over a Vowel is called a Circumflex, and fhews that fuch Vowel is to be founded long; as, Euphrates, Ariftobulus. An Ellipfis [-- or -] fhews that Part of a Word or Sentence is left out by Defign; as, K—g for King ; before I go hence An Accent ['] placed over a Letter fhews where the Strefs or Force of a Word lies; as, con'ftant, befet. A Parenthefis () to be avoided as much as poffible, is used to include fome fhort Sentence within the Body of a larger one, which though not neceffary to the Senfe, yet fhould ferve to explain or illustrate it, Brackets or Crotchets [ ] are applied nearly to the fame Purpose as a Parenthefis; and they are alfo ufed to include a Reference to fome Book or Part of fome Book. A Pa A Paragraph [] is feldom ufed except in the Bible, and points out the Beginning of a new Subject. A Section [S] is ufed to divide Books or Chapters into fmaller Parts. Sometimes it ferves alfo as a Mark of Reference to a Note. An Index or Hand [] points to Something remarkable, that fhould be particularly noticed. An Afierifk [*], a Dagger or Obelifk [+], a double Dagger [+], parallel Lines [], &c. direct to fome Note or Remark in the Margin, or at the Bottom of the Page. A Brace [] couples Words or Lines together, that have a Relation. to the fame Thing; and is chiefly used in Poetry, where three Lines rhyme alike. Directions for writing CAPITALS. Capitals or great Letters must never be written in the Middle or at the End of of any Word, but only at the Beginning, and in the following Cafes: At the Beginning of any Book, Chapter, Paragraph, Writing, Letter, or Difcourfe: At the Beginning of a new Sentence, after a Period or full Stop: At the Beginning of any Speech, notable Saying, or Quotation, though a full Stop does not immediately precede it : At the Beginning of all proper Names of Special Titles of Perfons, Places, or Things: At the Beginning of the Names of the Trinity, or any Word or Term that fignifies God: At the Beginning of every Line in Poetry, and every Ferfe in the Bible: In the Pronoun I, and the Interjection O. Some Authors, even of the firft Eminence, choose to begin every Subftantive with a Capital; fome, the next Word after a Colon; and others, remarkable Adjectives, and fuch as are put abfolutely: But this Method of writing is at prefent but very little followed. GRAMMA GRAMMATICAL INSTITUTES: GRAMMA R*, ADAPTED TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. I. N English there are ten Kinds of Article, Noun, Adjective, Pronoun, Verb, Participle, Adverb, Conjunction, Prepofition, and Interjection. *From the Greek Word Gramma, a Letter: And is the Art of expreffing our Thoughts with Propriety, either in Speaking or Writing. |