118. Dissertations on some Parts of the Old and New Testa ments, which have been supposed unsuitable to the Divine Attributes. By Richard TwOPENNY, M.A. London, 1824, 8vo. Mr. van der Marck formed a design of representing on copperplates the most memorable events in sacred history; and he en119. Dissertatio Theologica Judeo-Christianismo, ejusque V gaged Mr. Saurin to write an explanation of the plates; this gave et Efficacitate quam exseruit in Rem Christianum sæculo primo rise to the discourses here published. There is an edition of them Quam....publico examini submittit. David Van HEYST. Lug in 11 vols. 8vo. They are deservedly held in the highest esteem.duni Batavorum, 1828, 4to. 106. Dissertations, Historical, Critical, Theological, and Moral, on the most memorable events of the Old and New Testament. Translated from the French of M. Saurin by John Chamberlayne. Vol. I. [all published] London, 1732, folio.

108. Biblical Fragments. By M. A. SCHIMMELPENNINCK.jecti, 1810, 8vo. London, 1821, 1822, 2 vols. 8vo.

These fragments are not critical elucidations of particular texts; but they are written with much elegance, and the authoress has introduced some of the finest practical and devotional thoughts of the Jansenist writers, particularly the accomplished and much traduced recluses of Port Royal. But her critical remarks on the authorized English version are not always correct.

109. Joannis Friderici SCHLEUSNERI Opuscula Critica ad Versiones Græcas Veteris Testamenti pertinentia. Lipsiæ, 1812, 8vo. The Tracts contained in this volume are, 1. Observationes nonnulla de Patrum Græcorum Auctoritate in constituenda Versionum Græcarum Veteris Testamenti Lectione genuina: the object of which disquisition is to prove that, in citing the words of the Old Testament, the Fathers were in many respects inaccurate, partly from their using faulty MSS., and partly from a failure of memory, which led them sometimes to substitute not only one word for another, but even to change whole members of a sentence: and, 2. Sylloge Observationum et Emendationum Conject. in Verss. Gr. Veteris Testa

111. Opuscula Exegetica, Critica, Dogmatica Scripsit, recognovit, variisque additamentis locupletavit H. A. SCHOTT, 128. Scripture Vindicated. in answer to a Book entitled Theol. Doctor et Prof. Ordin. Academiæ Jenensis. Jena, 1817,"Christianity as old as the Creation." By Daniel WATERLAND, 1818, 2 vols. 8vo. D.D. London, 1730-1734, 8vo. also in the sixth volume of Bp. Vanmildert's edition of his works. Oxford, 1823, 8vo.

134. Hermanni WITSII Ægyptiaca et Amouna: sive de Ægyptiacorum Sacrorum comparatione cum Hebraicis Libri tres, et de decem tribubus Israelis Liber singularis. Accesit Diatribe de Legione Fulminatrice Christianorum sub imperatore

compiled from the biblical labours of upwards of fifty of the most distinguished critics, both British and foreign. In the event of a new translation or revision of our authorized version of the Holy Scriptures, this little book cannot fail of being eminently useful. Its value would have been enhanced if the compiler had specified

the sources or authors of each emendation.

130. An Illustration of the Method of explaining the New Testament by the early opinions of Jews and Christians concerning Christ. By W. WILSON, B.D. Cambridge, at the University Press, 1797, 8vo.

"Though not expressly prese ated to the public as a refutation of Dr. Priestley's History of Early Opinions,' and other works concerning the person of Christ, this performance is unquestionably o be received in this light. The author constantly keeps in view the arguments of this work just mentioned, and nearly passes over the same ground, in order to prove that the historical fact, relating to the opinions of the first Christians, is the reverse of that which the doctor has represented, and consequently that the inference respecting the true meaning of the New Testament is directly contrary to that of the unitarian hypothesis.-It would be injustice to the ingenious writer of this reply," to Dr. Priestley, "not to allow him, unequivocally, the praise of having written, in a perspicuous and correct style, a learned and well-digested tract, and of having conducted his part of the controversy with urbanity and candour." (Analytical Review, vol. xxvi. pp. 368. 372.)

131. Joh. Dieterici WINCKLERI Disquisitiones Philologica, Scripturæ Sacræ quædam loca, et antiquitatis tam ecclesiastica quam profanæ momenta, illustrantes. Hamburgi, 1741, 8vo.Ejusdem, Hypomnemata philologica et critica in diversa Scripturæ Sacræ, tam Veteris quam Novi Testamenti, illustrantes. Hamburgi, 1745, 8vo.-Ejusdem, Animadversiones Philologica et Criticæ ad varia Sacri Codicis utriusque Fœderis loca. Hildesiæ, 1750-52-53, 3 parts, 8vo.

Marco Aurelio Antonio. Basilea, 1739, 4to.

135. Martini Caspari WOLFBURGI Observationes Sacræ in Novum Testamentum; seu Adnotationes Theologico-Critica in voces plerasque Novi Testamenti, ordine alphabetico, et Dicta præcipua tam Veteris quam Novi Fœderis. Flensburgi, 1717, 4to. Hafnis, 1738, 4to.

136. An Impartial Enquiry into the case of the Gospel Demoniacks. By William WORTHINGTON, D.D. London, 1777, 8vo.

137. Petri ZORNII Opuscula sacra; hoc est, Programmata, Dissertationes, Orationes, Epistolæ, et Schediasmata, in quibus præter selectissima Historiæ Ecclesiastica et Literariæ capita, etiam plusquam sexcenta Scripturæ loca, partim ex utriusque linguæ sanctioris genio, partim ex Antiquitatum Hebraicarum Græcarum et Romanarum apparatu, illustrantur ac vindicantur. Altonaviæ, 1731, 2 vols. 8vo.

138. The Truth of Revelation, demonstrated by an Appeal to existing Monuments, Sculptures, Gems, Coins, and Medals. London, 1832, 12mo.

"This interesting book is clearly the production of a mind pious and cultivated, enriched by science and enlarged by various information; adapted especially to guard the young against the too welcome theories of skepticism: it will also afford to the general reader both gratification and improvement. It chiefly consists of striking facts deduced from the labours of modern inquiry, of allu sions gleaned from literature, of memorials of past events scattered over the relics of by-gone times, in sculptures, gems, and medals; and its object is, to apply these various materials to the illustration

All the publications of Winckler are both scarce and valuable: they are said, by Walchius, to illustrate many difficult passages of Holy Writ with great learning and industry. (Bibl. Theol. Select.and establishment of the sacred records; as well as to express the vol. iv. p. 812.)

132. Hermanni WITSII Miscellaneorum Sacrorum Libri Quatuor. Lugd. Bat. 1736, 2 vols. 4to.

133. Hermanni WITSII Meletemata Leidensia; quibus continentur Prælectiones de Vita et Rebus Gestis Pauli Apostoli, necnon Dissertationum Exegeticarum Duodecas; denique Commentarius in Epistolam Judæ Apostoli. Basilea, 1739, 4to.

conviction, that the foundations of a scriptural hope are not to be shaken by advancing knowledge, nor ultimately injured by the rash assaults of a class of men, who, aspiring to be deemed the votaries of philosophy, give too much reason for the suspici n, that the stimulus by which their industry is excited is the vain expectation of some discovery adverse to the Christian religion, rather than zeal for the promotion of science." (Eclectic Review, July, 1832, vol. viii. N. S. p. 14.)

CHAPTER VI.

CONCORDANCES AND DICTIONARIES, COMMON-PLACE BOOKS, INDEXES, AND ANALYSES OF THE BIBLE SECTION I.

CONCORDANCES TO THE SCRIPTURES.

1. CONCORDANCES TO THE HEBREW BIBLE.

1. MARIE de CALASIO Concordantiæ Bibliorum Hebraicorum | in fontibus et hactenus non exposite sunt in Lexicis aut Conet Latinorum. Romæ, 1621, folio, in four volumes.-Londini, cordantiis, natura et sensuum varietas ostenditur. Cum anno1747, et ann. seqq. Edente Gulielmo Romaine, folio, in four tationibus J. G. Tympii et aliorum. Jenæ, 1734, 4to. editio volumes. secunda.

The original of this work was a Hebrew concordance of Rabbi | The particles of all languages, and especially those of the HeNathan, a learned Jew, published at Venice in 1523, in folio, with | brew, are not only of great importance, but very difficult to be fully great faults and defects. A second and much more correct edition understood. The Hebrew particles, indeed, were very imperfectly of Nathan's work was printed at Basil by Froben. The third edi-known, even by the best critics, before the publication of Noldios's tion is the first impression of Calasio's Concordance, who has ex- work. His Concordance of them is so complete, that it has left tended Nathan's work into four large volumes, by adding, 1. A scarcely any thing unfinished; and it is of the greatest importance Latin Translation of the Rabbi's explanation of the several roots, to every biblical student and critic. The first impression appeared with additions of his own; 2. The Rabbinical, Chaldee, Syriac, in 1650. The second is the best edition; and, besides the valuable and Arabic words derived from, or agreeing with, the Hebrew notes, and other additions of J. G. and S. B. Tympius, it contains, root in signification; 3. A literal version of the Hebrew text; by way of Appendix, a Lexicon of the Hebrew Particles, compiled 4. The variations between the Vulgate and Septuagint versions; by John Michaelis and Christopher Koerber. (Bibliographical Dic and, 5. The proper names of men, rivers, mountains, &c.-Buxtorf's tionary, vol. ii. p. 45.) Concordance (noticed below) was properly the fourth edition of Nathan's work, as Mr. Romaine's edition is the fifth. The last is a splendid and useful book.

4. The Hebrew Concordance adapted to the English Bible, disposed after the method of Buxtorf. By John TAYLOR [D.D.]

2. Joannis BUXTORFII Concordantiæ Hebraicæ et Chaldaicæ. of Norwich. London, 1754-57. In two volumes, folio. Basileæ, 1632, folio.

This is a work of great labour: it was abridged by Christian Ravius, under the title of Fons Zionis, sive Concordantiarum Hebraicarum, et Chaldaicarum, Jo. Buxtorfii Epitome. Berolini, 1677,

Evo

3. Christiani NOLDII Concordantia Particularum EbræoChaldaicarum, in quibus partium indeclinabilium, quæ occurrunt

This is one of the most laborious and most useful works ever pub lished for the advancement of Hebrew knowledge, and the under standing of the Old Testament in its original language. It is, in fact, a Grammar, Lexicon, and Concordance, founded on the Concordance of Buxtorf, all whose errors Dr. Taylor has corrected. He translated in the English Bible: and where the Hebrew is not has also inserted the word or words by which any Hebrew word is literally rendered, a literal translation is added. In general, all

change or difference in the two texts is diligently remarked: and Dr. T. has added all the words (about one hundred and twenty-one in number) which Buxtorf had omitted; together with the particles out of Noldius. This invaluable work was published under the patronage of all the English and Irish bishops, and is a monument to their honour, as well as to the learning and industry of its author. The price of this Concordance varies from nine to twelve guineas, according to its condition.

§ 2. CONCORDANCES TO THE SEPTUAGINT GREEK VERSION. 1. Conradi KIRCHERI Concordantiæ Veteris Testamenti Græcæ, Ebræis vocibis respondentes, uxor. Simul enim et Lexicon Ebraico-Latinum. Francofurti, 1607, 2 tomis, 4to.

This laborious work, which is a Hebrew Dictionary and Concordance, is strongly recommended by father Simon, when treating on the best methods to be adopted in undertaking any new translation of the Scriptures. It contains all the Hebrew words in the Old Testament, introduced in an alphabetical order, and underneath the Greek version of them from the Septuagint, followed by a collection of the passages of Scripture in which those words are Jifferently interpreted Considered as a first essay, Kircher's Concordance possesses considerable merit. It is, however, now superseded by

2. Abrahami TROMMII Concordantiæ Græcæ Versionis vulgo dicta LXX. Interpretum. Amstelodami et Trajecti ad Rhenum, 1718, 2 vols. folio.

In this elaborate and valuable work, the order of the Greek Alphabet is followed; the Greek word being first given, to which are subjoined its different acceptations in Latin. Then follow the different Hebrew words, which are explained by the Greek word in the Septuagint version. These different Hebrew words are arranged under the Greek in their alphabetical order, with the passages of Scripture where they occur. If the word in question occurs in Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion, or any of the other ancient Greek interpreters of the Old Testament, the places where it is found are referred to at the conclusion of the quotations from the Scriptures; and immediately after these all the passages in the Apocrypha are specified, where the word occurs. The work is terminated by a useful Index, a Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, a Greek Lexicon to Origen's Hexapla (by Montfaucon), and a succinct collation (by Lambert Bos) of the Frankfort and Roman editions of the Septuagint. This work is beautifully printed. (Bibliographical Dictionary, vol. iii. p. 42.)

§3. CONCORDANCES TO THE GREEK TESTAMENT.

1. Concordantiæ Græca Novi Testamenti, ab Henrico STEPHANO. Genevæ, 1594, folio. Et cum Supplemento, Geneæv, 1600, folio.

This Concordance is noticed here, to put the student an his guard, as it may generally be purchased at a low price. It is so carelessly executed, that some critics suppose Henry Stephens not to have been the editor of it: and that he lent his name to the work for pecuniary considerations.

2. Novi Testamenti Græci Jesu Christi TAMEION, aliis Concordantiæ; ita concinnatum, ut et loca reperiendi, et vocum veras significationes, et significationum diversitates per collationem investigandi, ducis instar esse possit. Opera Erasmi SCHMIDII, Græc. Lat. et Mathem. Prof. Accedit nova præfatio Ernesti Salo monis Cypriani. Lipsiæ, 1717, folio. Glasguæ et Londini, 1819, 2 vols. 8vo. Londini, 1830, 48mo.

The best Greek Concordance to the New Testament. The Glasgow reprint of 1819 is beautifully executed. The London edition of 1830 was printed under the superintendence of the late Mr. William Greenfield. "By omitting the unimportant proper names, the indeclinable particles, the pronouns, and the verb substantive; -by substituting simple references for citation when the word occurs only four or five times, or when there are two or more passages strictly parallel, in which case one only is given and the others are referred to; alterations which detract nothing from the usefulness of the edition; the ponderous labours of Stephens and Schmidt are here screwed into something less than a pocket volume; and, what is more, for six shillings the biblical student may possess himself of a work at one time scarce and dear, in a form that will take up no room on his table, and which ought scarcely ever to be off of it.' (Eclectic Review, February, 1832, vol. vii. N. S. p. 159.) This edition is very neatly printed."

3. A Concordance to the Greek Testament, with the English version to each word; the principal Hebrew roots, corresponding to the Greek words of the Septuagint; with short critical Notes, and an Index. By John WILLIAMS, LL.D. 4to. London, 1787. * The lovers of sacred literature will find this work very useful in many respects: it is compiled with great pains and accuracy." (Monthly Rev. O. S. vol. xxxvi. p. 400.)

§ 4. CONCORDANCE TO THE LATIN VULGATE. Cardinali auctore, ad recognitionem jussu Sixti V. Pont. Max. Sacrorum Bibliorum Vulgatæ editionis Concordantiæ, HUGONE adhibitam, recensita atque emendatae operâ et studio Francisc: Luca Brugensis. Antverpiæ, 1606, folio; 1612, 1617, 4to. Venetiis, 1612, 4to. Lugduni, 1615, 4to. Genevæ et Francofurti, 1625, 4to. Parisiis, 1635, 1638, 1646, 4to. Coloniæ Agrippinæ, 1684, 8vo. Avignon, 1786, 2 tomis, 4to.

The first attempt towards a concordance to the Latin Bible was made in the middle of the thirteenth century by Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro, of whose invention of the division of chapters an account is given in Vol. I. Part I. Chap. IV. p. 213. He is said to have employed five hundred monks of the Dominican order in words of the Old and New Testaments; but the fact of so many selecting, and arranging in alphabetical order, all the declinable monks being employed is questionable. It is supposed that the work was at first less voluminous than it afterwards became, and that it increased by frequent revisions and improvements. (Townley's Biblical Illustrations, vol. i. p. 483.) Le Long has given a list of several Latin Concordances (Bibl. Sacra, tom. i. pp. 457, 458. folio edit.); but the revision of Cardinal Hugo's work by Lucas Brugensis is considered to be the best of the numerous editions through which it has passed. That printed at Cologne is reputed to be the most beautiful; but the Avignon edition is the most complete.

§ 5. CONCORDANCES TO THE ENGLISH BIBLE. ordre of the letters of the A. B. C. ye maie redely finde any 1. A Concordâce, that is to saie, a Worke wherein by the worde conteigned in the whole Bible, so often as it is there expressed or mencioned. By Jhon MARBECK. London, imprynted by Richard Grafton, m. d. 1. folio.

may be seen in Dr. Townley's Biblical Illustrations, vol. iii. pp. The first Concordance to the English Bible: an account of it 118-120. It was preceded by a Concordance to the New Testament, compiled and printed by Thomas Gibson, about the year 1536.

Old and New Testament, or a Dictionary and Alphabetical 2. A Complete Concordance to the Holy Scriptures of the Index to the Bible. In two parts. By Alexander CRUDEN M.A. London, 1763; 1810; 1824; 4to. Also various editions in royal 8vo. Philadelphia, 1830, imperial 8vo.

The first edition of this well-known and most useful Concordance appeared at London in 1737. The edition of 1763 is the third and last of those corrected by the author, and is usually considered as the best, from his known diligence and accuracy in corit to be repeatedly printed, but not always with due regard to acrecting the press. The value of Cruden's Concordance has caused curacy. The London edition of 1810, however, is an honorable exception; every word, with its references, having been most carefully examined by Mr. Deodatus Bye (formerly a respectable printer), who voluntarily employed some years in this arduous task; for which he is justly entitled to the thanks of every reader of the Holy Scriptures. The London edition of 1824 is a reprint of that published in 1810. Another very accurate edition was of Liverpool, who employed a person to collate and verify every printed a few years since at the press of Messrs. Nuttall and Co word and reference. The typography of the reprint at Philadel phia is very neatly executed; and its editor professes to have corrected more than ten thousand errors in the references, which had escaped the eye of the London editors.

3. A New Concordance to the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament; or a Dictionary and Alphabetical Index to the Bible, together with the various significations of the prin cipal words, by which the true meaning of many passages is shewn. By the Rev. John BUTTERWORTH. London, 1767; 1785; 1816; 8vo.

of Mr. Cruden's Concordance. Singular pains were bestowed by This is in a great measure a judicious and valuable abridgmen its compiler, in order to insure correctness, by collating every word and reference in the proof sheets with the several texts of the Bible. The second edition of 1785 is considerably improved. The third impression of 1816 has some alterations in the definitions, made by Dr. A. Clarke; who has reprinted the original of the passages so altered. Those who cannot afford to purchase Cruden's work will find this of Mr. Butterworth extremely valu

able.

4. A Concordance of Parallels collected from Bibles and French, Spanish, and other Languages, with the Authorities of Commentaries, which have been published in the Hebrew, Latin, each. By the Rev. C. CRUTWELL. 4to. London, 1790.

of consulting; though the parallelisms are not always to be traced. This is a very elaborate work, and will amply repay the labour and are sometimes very fanciful. But for this the industrious author is not to be censured, as he every whare cites his authori ties, which are very numerous.

5. A Concordance to the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament. By the Rev. John Brown, of Haddington. London, 1808, 18mo. Glasgow, 1825, 18mo.

There are several editions of this Concordance extant, which being printed with diamond (or the smallest) type, it is from this circumstance commonly termed the diamond concordance. Its portability is its principal recommendation; as its very minute type requires no common strength of sight to read with pleasure. The edition of 1825 was revised by the Rev. Wm. Smith, of Glasgow; and is very neatly stereotyped on a clear and legible type at the Glasgow university press.

made under the title of "Fragments," are extracted from the most rare and authentic Voyages and Travels (ancient and modern) intc Judea and other oriental countries; and they comprehend an as semblage of the most curious and illustrative descriptions, explans tory of Scripture incidents, customs, and manners, that could not possibly be explained by any other medium. It must not, however, be concealed that some of the editor's discussions in the Fragments are prolix, and that his mythological elucidations are sometimes more ingenious than solid. Bp. Mant and the Rev. Dr. D'Oyly have made great use of CALMET in the Notes to the Bible, pub lished by the venerable Society for promoting Christian Know. ledge; and in their list of books, to which they acknowledge their "FRAGMENTS" annexed 6. The Scripture Harmony; or Concordance of Parallel Pas-obligations, they particularly specify the " to this Edition of Calmet.-Vol. V. contains an Atlas of Plates and sages, being a Commentary on the Bible from its own Re- Maps, with their corresponding explanations, in alphabetical order. sources; consisting of an extensive Collection of References These engravings are very neatly executed, and many of them from all the most esteemed Commentators, &c. &c. 4to. royal throw great light upon oriental customs. In addition to the various 8vo. and 18mo. London, 1818. improvements in the fourth edition, the references and quotations in the fifth edition were verified and corrected; the explanation of the plates, which had hitherto been detached from the body of the work, were incorporated with the articles of which they form a part; the whole of the text was revised: and several new articles, besides occasional additions, were introduced. In its present improved state, Mr. Taylor's edition of Calmet's Dictionary is indispensably necessary to every biblical student who can afford trated in the fourth edition was published separately, in 1827 to purchase it. An Index of Matters and of Texts cited and illus

The contents of this compilation are comprised in three particulars: viz. 1. The chronology, in which Dr. Blayney is followed, his being deemed the best fitted for general utility. 2. The various Readings, in the giving of which great care has been bestowed. These various readings are stated to be "printed on a plan, which to the unlearned reader will be more clear than the usual method, and which the narrow limits of the margin of a Bible could not admit: in this the very words of the text are printed at length, and the various readings are presented in a different type; so that while both are at one view before the reader for his choice, as the connection and analogy of faith may direct, the usefulness of the work is increased, because it becomes thereby adapted to every edition of the Bible;" and, 3. The Scripture References; a laborions compilation of half a million of Scripture references, chiefly from the Latin Vulgate, Dr. Blayney, Canne, Brown, Scott, and other valuable writers, who have devoted their services to this useful mode of illustrating the Scriptures. It is proper to remark, that in this compilation of references the publisher professes only to have collected a mass of texts from various authors of the highest character for success in this useful and pious labour, and then to have arranged their varied contributions into regular order; the verse of the chapter under illustration is first marked; then follow the parallel passages in the book itself in which the chapter stands; afterwards the references are placed regularly in the order of the books of Scripture. The remark on Mr. Crutwell's Concordance of Parallels may be extended to the present work.

6. CONCORDANCE TO THE FRENCH BIBLE.

Concordance, en forme de Registre, pour trouver facilement chaque passage du Nouveau Testament. Première Partie; contenant les quatre Evangiles et les Actes des Apôtres. St. Petersburg, 1824, 8vo.

This concordance was announced to be in two parts or volumes. The first part only has been published: it is a concordance to the four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, according to the French version of De Sacy. The second part is to comprise a concordance to the Epistles of Saint Paul and to the Catholic Epistles.

SECTION II.

DICTIONARIES OF THE BIBLE.

1. DICTIONNAIRE Historique Chronologique, Géographique, et Littéral de la Bible, Par Augustin CALMET. Paris, 1730, 4 tomes, folio.

A translation of this truly valuable work (which is the basis of all other modern dictionaries of the Bible), with occasional remarks, was published in 1732, in three folio volumes; which having become extremely scarce, an edition was published in 1801, in two thick 4to. volumes, by Mr. Taylor, with a volume of additions from books of voyages and travels, &c. under the title of "Fragments." A new edition, enlarged and greatly improved, was published in 1823, entitled,

2. Calmet's Dictionary of the Holy Bible, Historical, Critical, Geographical, and Etymological: wherein are explained the Proper Names in the Old and New Testaments; the Natural Productions, Animals, Vegetables, Minerals, Stones, Gems, &c. ; the Antiquities, Habits, Buildings, and other Curiosities of the Jews; with a Chronological History of the Bible, Jewish Calendar, Tables of the Hebrew Coins, Weights, Measures, &c. &c. Fourth edition, revised, corrected, and augmented with an extensive series of plates, explanatory, illustrative, and ornamental, under the direction of C. TAYLOR. London, 1823. Fifth edition, 1828-29, 5 vols. 4to.

3. Calmet's Dictionary of the Bible by the late Mr. Charles Taylor, with the Fragments incorporated. The whole condensed and arranged in alphabetical order, with numerous additions. [By Josiah CONDER.] London, 1831; second edition, 1832, royal 8vo.

This abridgment comprises under one alphabet whatever is important or intrinsically valuable either in Calmet's Dictionary of the Bible, or in the Fragments collected by Mr. Taylor. The editor of the abridgment has judiciously omitted all those articles (and those only) which were not directly illustrative of the Holy Scriptures, and also many of the prolix and trivial discussions of the Fragments. The value of the work is enhanced by the insertion of numerous well executed wood-cuts; so that each article includes its appropriate illustration; an improvement which cannot but greatly facilitate the perusal of this cheap and beautifully executed

volume.

3*. Calmet's Dictionary of the Bible......American Edition, revised, with large additions, by Edward ROBINSON, D.D., Professor Extraordinary of Sacred Literature in the Theological Seminary, Andover. Illustrated with Maps and Engravings ou wood. Boston [Massachusetts] and New York, 1832, royal 8vo.

In preparing this work for publication in North America, Professor Robinson has made numerous retrenchments of those mytholo gical and etymological discussions, which the English editor could not omit, without taking greater liberties with the labours of his predecessor than might have been justifiable. In place of these retrenchments, Dr. Robinson has made very numerous and important additions, condensed with singular perspicuity from the works of modern travellers in the East, and especially from the labourg of the most distinguished German critics and commentators, which are comparatively little known to American readers. The volume is beautifully printed.

3**. A Dictionary of the Holy Bible, for the Use of Schools and Young Persons. By Edward ROBINSON, D.D. Illustrated with Maps and Engraving on wood. Boston and New York, 1833, 12mo.

Though avowedly designed for schools and young persons, this neatly executed publication may be very advantageously used by all who may be unable to procure larger works. To a considerable extent it is an abridgment of the preceding American edition of Calmet's Dictionary; but not a few articles are original, and composed from the best accessible sources. In the Historical, Biogra phical, and Geographical Index, annexed to the second volume of this work, we have derived many valuable hints and illustrations from both Dr. Robinson's Dictionaries of the Bible.

4. A Dictionary of the Holy Bible; containing an Historical Account of the Persons, a Geographical Account of the Places, and Literal, Critical, and Systematical Descriptions of other Ob jects, mentioned in the Writings of the Old and New Testament, or in those called Apocrypha. London, 1759, 3 vols. 8vo.

great Dictionary of the Bible. In chronology, the anonymous d This useful compilation is principally abridged from Calmet's tor professes to have followed Archbishop Usher; in geograph Eusebius, Jerome, Roland, Maundrell, Whitby, and Wells, have been consulted; and on the sacred antiquities of the Jews, recour has been had to Josephus, the Rabbins, and the Fathers. This work may sometimes be met with at a low price.

This work is beautifully printed. Vols. I. and II. comprise the 5. A Dictionary of the Holy Bible, on the plan of Calmet, Dictionary, in an alphabetical series, the supplements of former but principally adapted to common readers: containing an Hi editions being incorporated; Vols. III. and IV. contain 750 Frag-torical Account of the Persons; a Geographical and Historical ments, with the Natural History of the Bible. The additions, Account of the Places; a Literal, Critical, and Systematical

!

Description of other Objects, whether natural, artificial, vvil,
religious, or military; and the application of the Appelative
Terms, mentioned in the Old and New Testament. By the
Rev. John BROWN, of Haddington, 2 vols. 8vo. various editions.
Also, in one volume, 8vo.

arranged from Calmet, Brown, Newton, Hurd, and other Writers. 12. The Pocket Dictionary of the Holy Bible; selected and By W. GURNEY, A.M. London, 1826, 18mo.

13. The Scripture Lexicon: or a Dictionary of above four thousand Proper Names of Persons and Places mentioned in the Old and New Testament; divided into syllables, with their proper accents. By Peter OLIVER. Oxford, 1810, 8vo.

14. A Pocket Dictionary of the Holy Bible: containing an 11storical and Geographical Account of the Persons and Places mentioned in the Old and New Testaments. By Archibald ALEXANDER, D.D. Philadelphia, 1830, 18mo.

The author was a minister in the Secession-church of Scotland; and in his doctrinal views Calvinistic. Allowance being made for some of his sentiments, his work may be advantageously substituted for the preceding, the price of which necessarily places it above the reach of many persons. The first edition of this work appeared in 1769: the best edition of Mr. Brown's dictionary is said to be the fifth, which costs about eighteen shillings. A professed abridgment of this work was published in 1815, in two small volumes, 18mo. The "Compendious Dictionary of the Holy Bible," first published by 15. A Biblical and Theological Dictionary, explanatory of Mr. William Button, in 1796, and since reprinted with additions and the History, Manners, and Customs of the Jews, and neighbour corrections, in 12mo., is a judicious abridgment of Brown's Dic-ing nations: with an account of the most remarkable places and tionary. "By means of a very small but clear type, a vast quantity persons mentioned in Sacred Scripture, &c. By the Rev. Ri of matter is comprised within the compass of this little volume. chard WATSON. London, 1831, royal 8vo. The book, without doubt, may be serviceable to many." (British Critic, Old Series, vol. x. p. 201.)

6. Dictionnaire Généalogique, Historique, et Critique de l'Ecriture Sainte, où sont refutées plusieurs fausses assertions de Voltaire, et autres Philosophes du dix-huitième siècle; par l'Abbé *[Antoine SERIEYS], revue, corrigé, et publié par M. l'Abbé Sicard. Paris, 1804, 8vo.

Sacred geography and antiquities form no part of this work, which is specially devoted to a refutation of the sophistries and falsehoods of Voltaire and the infidel pseudo-philosophers of France, during the eighteenth century. The author, Antoine Serieys (ac cording to M. Sicard), was one of the victims of the French Revolution in the beginning of September, 1792. This is not true. Serieys was a voluminous coler and editor of various works, principally historical: at an early period of bi- life he had rendered some services to the Abbé Sicard, who, be unable to remunerate him, allowed him to make use of his nar‹ˆ Serieys lived seventeen years after the publication of this dictionary, and died at Paris in 1819. (Biographie Universelle, tom. xlii. pp. 69, 70.)

7. Dictionnaire Abrégé de la Bible de [Pierre] CHOMPRE. Nouvelle Edition, revue et considerablement augmentée par M. Petitot. Paris, 1806, 12mo

M. Chompré was a distinguished classical teacher of youth, in the former part of the eighteenth century, at Paris; where he first published his abridged Dictionary of the Bible, in 12mo. The new edition by M. Petitot is considerably enlarged and improved by the addition of numerous articles, articularly those relating to the manners, legislation, and sects of the Hebrews, and a Chronological

Table.

8. A Dictionary of the Bible; Historical and Geographical, Theological, Moral, and Ritual, Philosophical, and Philological. By Alexander MACBEAN, A.M. London, 1779, 8vo.

A useful book in its day, but now completely superseded by later works: it may frequently be procured for a trifling price.

9. A Theological, Biblical, and Ecclesiastical Dictionary; serving as a general note-book to illustrate the Old and New Testament, as a guide to the Practices and Opinions of all Sects and Religions, and as a Cyclopædia of ligious Knowledge. By John ROBINSON, D.D. London, 1815, 8vo.

16. Thesaurus Ecclesiasticus, e Patribus Græcis, ordine al phabetico exhibens quæcunque Phrases, Ritus, Dogmata, Hæreses et hujusmodi alia huc spectant, à Johanne Casparo SUICERO. Amstelodami, 1728, 2 vols. folio.

This is the best edition of a most valuable work; which, though indispensably necessary for understanding the writings of the It is said to have cost the learned author twenty years' labour: the Greek fathers, incidentally contains many illustrations of Scripture. first edition appeared at Amsterdam in 1682, in 2 volumes, folio.

SECTION III.

COMMON-PLACE BOOKS TO THE BIBLF

1. CHRISTIAN Institutes, or the Sincere Word of God collected heads, and delivered in the very words of Scripture. By Francis out of the Old and New Testaments, digested under proper GASTRELL, D.D., Bishop of Chester. 12mo.

This valuable little work, which may perhaps be considered as a Concordance of parallel passages at full length, was first published in 1707, and has since been repeatedly printed in 12mo. It may be very advantageously substituted for any of the subsequent larger and more expensive works. The "Economy of a Christian Life,' published by the Rev. W. Bingley in 1808, ín 2 vols. 12mo. is sim. lar in design, but upon the whole better arranged than Bp. Gastrell's little manual.

2. A Common-Place Book to the Holy Bible, or the Scriptures' Sufficiency practically demonstrated: wherein the substance of Scripture respecting doctrine, worship, and manners edition, revised and improved by the Rev. William DODD, LL.D. is reduced to its proper heads. By John Locke, Esq. A new 4to. London, 1805; 8vo. London, 1824.

Locke, we have not been able to ascertain whether it was really Though this work is ascribed to the celebrated philosopher, Mr. compiled by him. The second edition of it bears the date of 1697 an edition was published by the unfortunate Dr. Dodd, from which the present impression was made. It certainly is a very useful

book.

3. A System of Revealed Religion, digested under proper heads, and composed in the express words of Scripture; con. taining all that the Sacred Records reveal with respect to Doctrine and Duty. By John WARDEN, M.A. London, 1769, 4to. 1819, 2 vols. 8vo.

This work is very closely printed, and presents a digest, with references to authorities at the end of each article, of almost all that had been written on biblical literature previously to the date of its publication. "It is clearly the work of a man of much industry in collecting, and of much judgment in arranging his matter. To every theological student, who has not access to an extensive library, this volume will prove a very useful subsidiary; to many, indeed, who have neither attainment r.or abilities for research, it will become necessary." (Brit. Crit. N. S. vol. vii. p. 305.) We cannot however help expressing our regret that, on some topics, Dr. R. should have referred to writers whose publicauons (thougs useful in some respects) are calculated to subt the funda doctrines of the Gospel. His work is illustrated by severa neatly-ch respective head, in the very words of the sacred writers, with engraved maps. It may be proper to add that it is noticed with merited commendation in the Evangelical Magazine for 1817, vol. xxv. p. 486., and in the Antijacobin Review, vol. xlix. pp. 1-15.

10. The Biblical Cyclopædia; or, Dictionary of the Holy Scriptures, intended to facilitate an acquaintance with the inspired writings. By William JONES. 1816, 2 vols. 8vo.

The plan of this Biblical Cyclopædia is less extensive than that of Dr. Robinson's Dictionary, before which some parts of it appeared, though it bears date one year later than the latter work.

11. A Dictionary of the Holy Bible. Extracted chiefly from Brown, Calmet, &c., collated with other works of the like kind, with numerous additions from various Authors, and a considerable quantity of original matter. By the Rev. James WOOD. Seventh Edition, London [1822], 2 vols. 8vo. VOL II. 4 N

This work is exceedingly valuable as a common-place book, or harmony of passages of Scripture. was recommended by Dr. Robertson the historian, and other eminent divines of the Scottish church. In this work the author has collected all that the Scrip*ures contain relating to any one article of faith or practice under

the occasional insertion of a brief note at the foot of a page, and a remark or two at the end of some few chapters. The texts are so arranged as to add to their perspicuity, and at the same time to posed that each may form a regular and continued discourse. The illustrate the subject; and the chapters are so constructed and diswork is executed with singular ability and fidelity, and the reprint of it is truly an acquisition to biblical students.

4. An Analysis of the Holy Bible; containing the whole of the Old and New Testaments, collected and arranged systematically. By Matthew TALBOT. Leeds and London, 1800, 4to.

This work has been justly characterized as "a book of good arrangement and convenient reference, and calculated to augment, Critic, O. S. vol. xviii. pp. iii. 88, 89.) It is divided into thirty books. by very easy application, our stores of sacred knowledge." (British which are subdivided into 285 chapters, and 4144 sections. This "Analysis" is of great rarity and high price.