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Scoops out an empire, and usurps the shore:
While the pent ocean, rising o'er the pile,
Sees an amphibious world beneath him
smile:

The slow canal, the yellow-blossom'd vale,
The willow-tufted bank, the gliding sail,
The crowded mart, the cultivated plain,
A new creation rescued from his reign.

Thus, while around the wave-subjected soil

Impels the native to repeated toil,
Industrious habits in each bosom reign,
And industry begets a love of gain.
Hence all the good from opulence that
springs,

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With all those ills superfluous treasure brings,

Are here display'd. Their much loved wealth imparts

Convenience, plenty, elegance, and arts; But view them closer, craft and fraud appear,

E'en liberty itself is barter'd here.

At gold's superior charms all freedom flies, The needy sell it, and the rich man buys; A land of tyrants, and a den of slaves, 309 Here wretches seek dishonourable graves, And, calmly bent, to servitude conform, Dull as their lakes that slumber in the storm.

Heavens! how unlike their Belgic sires of old!

Rough, poor, content, ungovernably bold; War in each breast, and freedom on each

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Fired at the sound, my genius spreads Till time may come, when, stripp'd of all

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To traverse climes beyond the western main; Where wild Oswego spreads her swamps around,

And Niagara stuns with thundering sound? E'en now, perhaps, as there some pilgrim strays

Through tangled forests, and through dangerous ways;

Where beasts with man divided empire claim,

And the brown Indian marks with murderous aim;

There, while above the giddy tempest flies,
And all around distressful yells arise,
The pensive exile, bending with his woe,
To stop too fearful, and too faint to go, 420
Casts a long look where England's glories
shine,

And bids his bosom sympathize with mine.

Vain, very vain, my weary search to find That bliss which only centres in the mind. Why have I stray'd from pleasure and repose,

To seek a good each government bestows? In every government, though terrors reign, Though tyrant kings or tyrant laws restrain,

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TO SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS

DEAR SIR,I can have no expectations in an address of this kind, either to add to your reputation, or to establish my own. You can gain nothing from my admiration, as I am ignorant I may lose much by the severity of your judgof that art in which you are said to excel; and ment, as few have a juster taste in poetry than you. Setting interest therefore aside, to which I never paid much attention, I must be indulged at present in following my affections. The only dedication I ever made was to my brother, because I loved him better than most other men. He is since dead. Permit me to inscribe this poem to you.

How far you may be pleased with the versification and mere mechanical parts of this attempt, I do not pretend to inquire: but I know you will object (and indeed several of our best and wisest friends concur in the opinion) that the depopulation it deplores is nowhere to be seen, and the disorders it laments are only to be found in the poet's own imagination. To this I can scarce make any other answer, than that I sincerely believe what I have written; that I have taken all possible pains in my country excursions, for these four or five years past, to be certain of what I allege; and that all my views and inquiries have led me to believe those miseries real which I here attempt to display. But this is not the place to enter into an inquiry, whether the country be depopulating or not; the discussion would take up much room, and I should prove myself, at best, an indifferent politician, to tire the reader with a long preface, when I want his unfatigued attention to a long poem.

In regretting the depopulation of the country, I inveigh against the increase of our luxur ies; and here also I expect the shout of modern politicians against me. For twenty or thirty

years past it has been the fashion to consider luxury as one of the greatest national advantages; and all the wisdom of antiquity, in that particular, as erroneous. Still, however, I must remain a professed ancient on that head, and continue to think those luxuries prejudicial to states by which so many vices are introduced, and so many kingdoms have been undone. Indeed so much has been poured out of late on the other side of the question, that, merely for the sake of novelty and variety, one would sometimes wish to be in the right.

I am, dear sir, your sincere friend, and ardent admirer, OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

SWEET AUBURN! loveliest village of the plain,

Where health and plenty cheer'd the la

bouring swain,

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I still had hopes, for pride attends us still, Amidst the swains to show my book-learn'd skill, Around my fire an evening group to draw, And tell of all I felt, and all I saw ; And as a hare, whom hounds and horns pursue,

Pants to the place from whence at first she flew,

I still had hopes, my long vexations pass'd, Here to return and die at home at last.

O bless'd retirement, friend to life's decline, Retreats from care, that never must be mine,

How bless'd is he who crowns, in shades like these,

A youth of labour with an age of ease; 100 Who quits a world where strong temptations try,

And, since 'tis hard to combat, learns to fly! For him no wretches, born to work and weep,

Explore the mine, or tempt the dangerous deep;

No surly porter stands, in guilty state,
To spurn imploring famine from the gate;
But on he moves to meet his latter end,
Angels around befriending virtue's friend;
Sinks to the grave with unperceived decay,
While resignation gently slopes the way; 110
And, all his prospects brightening to the
last,

His heaven commences ere the world be pass'd.

Sweet was the sound, when oft at evening's close

Up yonder hill the village murmur rose ; There, as I pass'd with careless steps and slow,

The mingling notes came soften'd from

below;

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