fentiments with which I have already had the honour to acquaint you. His majefty doth not content himfelf with giving your high mightineffes bare affurances of his friendship; in the midst of the fucceffes with which it hath pleafed providence to blefs his arms, he forgetteth not the general welfare of Europe, and much lefs the interefts of his good friends and allies. He commands me to affure your high mightineffes, that he will always give the greatest attention to every thing that relates to the effential interefts, the fecurity and welfare of the republic. I am very happy, high and mighty lords, to be made choice of by his majefty in a manner fo honourable for me, to be the interpreter of his fentiments; which, ever fince the beginning of his reign, have discovered him to be a monarch who inherits the virtues of his ancestors, giving, like them, his principal attention to the support of true religion, and public liberty. The king ftill cherishes, in the bofom of your republic, the illuftrious offspring of the house of Orange, intrufted to his tutelage, and to yours: an object which forms an additional tie between him and the republic. I prefume to flatter myself, high and mighty lords, that after a nine years refidence here, the fincerity of my defire for a difinterested and indiffoluble union between the two flates is fufficiently known to your high mightineffes. The events which have followed one another, in fuch quick fucceffion for fome years, fufficiently prove, how defirable this union is. I fhall execute, with the most ardent zeal, the commands of my auguft mafter, to contribute towards it; happy if my labours can procure me the good will of your high mightineffes. Anfier returned to the foregoing Speech of Sir Joseph Yorke, by "Baron Waffenaar de Catwick, prefident of the week, in the name of the States General. SIR, HEIR high mightineffes THE are extremely affected by the affurances of friendship and good will, which your excellency has juft renewed to them in the name of his Britannic majefty, in the character of his ambaffador extraordinary and plenipotentiary. Their high mightineffes are particularly penetrated with gratitude, on account of his majesty's having declared that he will, on all occafions, have at heart the interefts, the fafety, and the welfare of this republic. These affurances cannot but engage their high mightineffes to a refpectful and inviolable attachment to his royal perfon, and to offer up their moft fincere prayers for the length and profperity of his reign,, Their high mightineffes have a molt lively fenfe of the neceffity of maintaining the union which has fo happily fubfifted for fuch a number of years between Great Britain and their republic. Their utmost endeavours will be constantly exerted to ftrengthen the tyes of this union. They are perfuaded that the prince of Orange, who is fo dear to all the inhabitants of these provinces, will moft readily give his affiftance towards this end, when he fhall enter upon the functions of his posts. 1 In the mean time, it is a great fatisfaction to their high mightineffes [T] 2 to to fee the friendship and attention to his majefty concur with thofe of his ferene highnefs the duke of Brunswick, for their hereditary stadtholder. Let me add, Sir, that their high mightineffes can affure your excellency, that the king your mafter could not have chofen any perfon for this extraordinary embaffy, who could have been more agreeable to them, as they have had the fatisfaction for fo many years of feeing you refide with them on the part of his majefty with fuch distinguished approbation. They will continue to give you proofs of their efteem and regard upon all occafions. Declaration of the most Chriflian king, delivered to the diet of the empire by his minifter the baron de Mackau. T HE king, my mafler, having been required, at the beginning of this war, by feveral princes of the empire, to take upon himfelf, in conjunction with the king of Sweden, the execution of the guaranty of the treaties of Weftphalia, notified to the ftates affembled at Ratisbon, in the month of April 1757, what were his motives, and what conduct he propofed to hold when he took that charge upon him, of the weight of which he was very fenfible. The prefervation of the three religions eftablished in Germany, the fupport of the Germanic laws and conftitution, and the restoring peace on a folid and equitable footing, were the objects to obtain which his majefty was willing to make the greatest efforts and very confiderable facrifices. His majefty, in concert with his Swedish majesty, hath fince employed every method to attain to this falutary end; but he deplored the calamities under which Germany groaned; and if he was under a neceflity of taking up arms for its defence, he thinks it no les proper to lay them down when he has performed all that could be required in justice from a zeal fo difinterelted. It was with this falutary view that his majefty, jointly with the king of Sweden and the other powers his allies, propofed to the courts of London and Berlin to pave the way, by common confent, to a peace, by opening a congrefs, for which the city of Augsburg was thought most convenient: and as their Britannic and Pruffian majefties agree to a propofal fo conformable to humanity and his majesty's pacific views, he thinks himself obliged to notify it to the states of the German empire, agreeably to what was done when he found himself under a neceffity of executing the guaranty. He at the fame time declares, that during the courfe of the negotiation he will not lofe fight of the motives which determined him to take part in the war. The princes and states of the empire may depend on the formal affurances which his majelty hath already given, and which he now repeats; and he defires that the emperor and the empire would concur with him in reitoring the public tranquillity. Ratifbon, June 22, 1761. Since this declaration was delivered, the Germanic body confider themfelves as invited to the congrefs; which they afcribe to the court of Versailles. The fame day a declaration of the very fame import was delivered to the diet by the Swedish minister. Decla Declarations of marshal Broglio to the inhabitants of Brunswic and Hanover on his late irruption into that country. WHEREAS a great number of moft Chriftian majefty's army, they fhall be corporally punished as foon as taken; and the penalty of a certain fum fhall be laid upon the diftrict where they belong, in W officers from the regen. proportion to the number of beafts cy, and principal inhabitants of Brunfwic and Hanover, have abandoned the ufual place of their abode upon the entrance of his majefty's forces, not through fear of being ill treated or pillaged, fince it is known to all Germany the exact difcipline which they obferve, but through an evil defign, and in order to avoid the obedience they owe to our commands; and it being our duty to remedy fuch pernicious conduct as is wholly repugnant to the laws of war, we have thought proper to publish this declaration, that no person may plead ignorance thereof, but attribute to themfelves the penalties they fhall incur in default of a due obedience. I. Be it ordered to the officers of the regency, and in generai to all the inhabitants of Hanover and Brunswic, that they remain in their towns, villages, houfes, and other places of abode, keeping their effects and cattle with them; or if any of them should be already departed, to return to their habitations within eight days of the prefent publication. II. Be it known to all officers aforesaid, who fhall difobey this order, that their houfes fhall be pillaged and levelled to the ground; and if they are hereafter taken, they fhall be punished in their perfons according to the exigency of the cafe. III. As to the other inhabitants who shall leave their habitations, or that ftray their horfes and cattle, as is ufual to do in the woods to prevent their being made ufe of in his they fhall fo remove, which penalty fhall daily increase till they are returned. IV. And that the inhabitants fhall have no pretence to refufe to provide fuch a number of carriages as fhall be demanded of them by the proper officers of his molt Chriftian majefty, be it ordered, that for the future, each district fhall have in readiness fifteen carriages, to be drawn by four able horfes, or oxen; which number fhall be fixed upon every hundred houfes throughout the country; and all perfons difobeying fhall be feverely punished. V. It is well known that the inhabitants of this country are ordered by the regency to apprife the enemy of our approach, and for that purpofe, conceal themselves in woods and paffes, place themselves upon eminences, and make an alarm with bells when they fee us arrive; abuse and pillage futlers and carriages that they find without defence, and in general hold a correfpondence with the enemy, ferving them as fpies and guides to our prejudice. The duty of the employ with which his most Christian majefty has been pleased to honour us, requires, that to prevent and punish fuch enormous conduct, we ufe the utmoft rigour and feverity of the laws of war; it is therefore ordered to the regency of Hanover and Brunfwic, to give notice to their respective diftricts and divifions, that every perfon on whom a letter is found directed to the enemy, any ways relating to the ope [T 3] rations rations of the army, or whoever fhal! by any other means give fuch intelligence to the enemy, fhall be immediately hanged; or whoever is found to affault or ill-treat any person in the French army, fhall fuffer the fame punishment: and that every village where the bell is rung to apprife the enemy of our approach, or wherever the French troops fhall be attacked, without one hour's previous notice given to their commander, fhall be totally burnt; and the chief officer from the regency of fuch village or diftrict shall be feverely punished, befides a fufficient fum which fhall be levied upon the estates of Hano. ver and Brunfwic, to indemnify the troops of his moft Chriftian majefty for their damage therein. VI. The officers of the regency fhall caufe thefe orders to be affixed and published in the most public places of the country, and be diligent in caufing all perfons under their directions to provide the neceffary contributions, forage, and carriages, repair the roads, and in general to be obedient to the demands of his most Christian majefty's officers, in default of which to have their houfes pillaged and levelled to the ground, 4 For the due execution of thefe orders, the officers of the regency may be affifted with his moft Chriftian majefty's troops, and by a perfect compliance therewith, they may depend on our protection. Done at the head quarters, Sept. 8, 1761. Signed, Le Marechal Duc de Broglio. HEADS of the family convention of the houfe of Bourbon. Erfailles, December 24. The treaty of friendship and union, which the king concluded with the king of Spain on the 15th of Aug. 1761, under the denomination of a family convention, the ratifications' of which were exchanged on the 8th of September following, is to be printed agreeable to the intention of their majefties: mean while it hath been thought proper to publish the following faithful abftract of it. The preamble fets forth the motives for concluding the treaty, and the objects of it. The motives are, the ties of blood between the two kings, and the fentiments they entertain for each other. The object of it is to give ftability and permanency to thofe duties, which naturally flow from affinity and friendfhip, and to eftablish a folemn and lafting monument of that reciprocal intereft, which ought to be the bafis of the defires of the two monarchs, and of the prosperity of their royal families. The treaty itself contains twentyeight articles. 1. Both kings will, for the future, look upon every power as their enemy, that becomes the enemy of either. 2. Their majefties reciprocally guaranty all their dominions in whatever part of the world they be fituated; but they expressly ftipulate that this guaranty fhall extend only to thofe dominions, refpectively, of which the two crowns fhall be in poffeffion, the moment they are at peace with all the world. 3. The two kings extend their guaranty to the king of the Two Sicilies and the infant duke of Parma, on condition that these two princes guaranty the dominions of their molt Chriftian and Catholic majesties. 4. Though this mutual inviolable guaranty is to be fupported with all. the forces of the two kings, their majeflies majefties have thought proper to fix the fuccours which are to be firft furnished. 5. 6. 7. These articles determine the quality and quantity of thefe first fuccours, which the power required engages to furnish the power requiring. Thefe fuccours confift of fhips and frigates of war, and of land forces both horfe and foot. Their number is determined, and the posts and stations to which they are to repair. 8. The war in which France fhall be involved in confequence of her engagements by the treaty of Weftphalia, or other alliances with the princes and ftates of Germany and the north, are excepted from the cafes in which Spain is bound to furnifh fuccours to France, unless fome maritime power take part in thofe wars, or France be attacked by land in her own country. 9. The potentate requiring may fend one or more commiffaries, to fee whether the potentate required hath affembled the ftipulated fuccours within the limited time. 10. 11. The potentate required fhall be at liberty to make only one representation on the ufe to be made of the fuccours furnished to the potentate requiring: this, however, is to be understood only of cafes where an enterprize is to be carried into immediate execution; and not of ordinary cafes, where the power that is to furnish the fuccours is obliged only to hold them in readiness in that part of his dominions which the power requiring fhall appoint. 12. 13. The demand of fuccours fhall be held a fufficient proof, on one hand, of the neceffity of receiving them; and on the other, of the obligation to give them. The furnishing of them fhall not, therefore, be evaded under any pretext; and without entering into any difcuffion, the ftipulated number of fhips and land forces fhall, three months after requifition, be confidered as belonging to the potentate requiring. 14. 15. The charges of the faid fhips and troops fhall be defrayed by the power to which they are fent: and the power who fends them, fhall hold ready other fhips to replace thofe which may be loft by accidents of the feas or of war; and alfo the neceffary recruits and preparations for the land forces. 16. The fuccours above stipulated fhall be confidered as the leaft that either of the two monarchs fhall be at liberty to furnish to the other: but as it is their intention that a war declared against either, fhall be regarded as perfonal by the other; they agree, that when they happen to be both engaged in war againft the fame enemy or enemies, they will wage it jointly with their whole forces; and that in fuch cafes they will enter into a particular convention, fuited to circumftances, and fettle as well the refpective and reciprocal efforts to be made, as their political and military plans of operations, which fhall be executed by common confent and with perfect agreement. 17. 18. The two powers reciprocally and formally engage, not to liften to, nor to make, any propo. fals of peace to their common enemies, but by mutual confent; and, in time of peace, as well as in time of war, to confider the interefts of the allied crown as their own; to compenfate their refpecte lofies and advantages, and to act as if the [T] 4 two |