back its steps. It revokes the Act of the 1st of March. The ports of America are open to French commerce, and France is no longer interdicted to the Americans. In short, the Congress engages to oppose such of the Belligerent Powers as shall refuse to recognise the rights of neatrals. In this new state of things, I am authorised to declare to you, Sir, that the Decrees of Berlin and Milan are revoked, and that, from the 1st of November, they will cease to be in force, it being understood that in Consequence of this declaration the English shall revoke their Orders in Council, and renounce the new principles of blockade which they have attempted to establish; or that the United States, conformably to the Act which you have just communicated, shall cause their rights to be respected by the English.It is with the most particular satisfaction that I inform you of this resolution of the Emperor. His Majesty loves the Americans. Their prosperity, and their commerce, enter into the views of his policy. The independence of America is one of the principal titles of the glory of France. Since that epoch the Emperor has felt a pleasure in aggrandizing the United States; and in all circumstances, whatever can contribute to the independence, the prosperity, and the liberty of the Americans, will be regarded by the Emperor as conformable to the interests of his Empire. 600 fr.; nutmegs, 2,000 fr. ; mahogany, 50 fr.; Pernambucco wood, 120 fr.; Čampeachy do. 80 fr.; dye-woods ground, 100 fr.-Art. 2. When the Custom-house Officers suspect that the declarations concerning the species or qualities are false, they shall send specimens to the Director-Ge neral of our Customs, who is to cause them to be examined by Commissaries who have a knowledge of these branches, attached to the Ministry of the Interior; and who, in every such examination, shall be assisted by two manufacturers or merchants, chosen by the Minister of the Interior.— If it shall appear that the declarations are false, all the merchandize shall be seized and confiscated. FRANCE. Decree relative to News-papers.→→→ 1. There shall be only one journal in each of the departments with the exception of that of the Seine.-2. This journal shall be under the authority of the Prefect, and cannot be published but with his ap probation.-3. Nevertheless, the Prefects may provisionally authorize in our great cities, the publication of papers containing advertisements in the nature of posting bills, or hand-bills, relative to sales of articles of merchandize and immoveable property; and journals, treating exclusively of literature, the sciences, arts, and agriculture. The said publications must FRANCE. Decree, relating to Goods imported.4. Our Minister of the Interior shall, contain no articles foreign to their object. -Dated Trianon, 5th Aug. 1810.-N. B. The Moniteur declares (See Register page 377) this Decree not to have been published in France.-It appears to have been forged somewhere. Art. 1. The duties upon the importation of the undermentioned goods and merchandize are settled as follow:-By metrical quintal: the Cottons of Brazil, Cayenne, Surinam, Demerary and Georgia, long staple, 800 francs; Levant cottons, imported by sea, 600 fr.; the same by land, through the offices at Cologne, Coblentz, Mayence, and Strasburgh, 300 fr.; cottons from all other places, those from Naples excepted, 600 fr.; those from Naples, the old duties. Raw sugar, 300 fr.; clayed or loaf sugar, 400 fr.; Hyson teas, 900 fr.; green teas, 600 fr.; all other tea, 150 fr.; Indigo, 900 fr.; cocoa, 100 fr.; cochineal, 2,000 fr.; white pepper, 600 fr.; black do. 400 fr.; common cinnamon, 1,400 fr.; fine do. 2,000 fr. ; cloves, on the 1st of September next, make a report to us upon the said advertising journals; the publication of which may be definitively determined. DENMARK. Royal Decree, 9 Aug. 1810. We, Frederic the 6th, hereby declare that in consideration of the peculiar circumstances of the times we find it necessary to order and decree as follows:-Art1. The line extending from the city of Neustadt through the several places in a direct line as far as Husum, in the plain of Norderdith, shall be considered as a line of customs over which no produce that is not of Europe shall, either by sea or land, be exported from our Duchy of Holstein.Art. 2. Refined sugar and molasses are not to pass the above line.-Art. 3. An exception is admitted as to small quantities of Non-European or refined sugar and molasses, which evidently are designed parately from the other departments of the kingdom, till it is otherwise ordered, -2. The interest will be paid at the rate of two per cent, for the current year.-3. A Commission will be formed, charged with the liquidation of the Hanoverian debt, which will enter on its functions the 15th of September, of the present year.4. The works of the Commission will form the basis of the grant-books, which henceforth will be the only and fundamental title for all the creditors of the State.-5. The Commission is to terminate its labours before the 15th of next March. FRANCE. Instructions, relative to Commerce, in the North. 15th. Sept. 1810. for domestic use in places beyond the line. | -Art. 4. Such Non-European produce which is indispensible for manufactures, may be passed over the line in the necessary quantities, under an engagement that the manufactures in which they are used shall be sent to the countries within the line. Art. 5. A Committee is appointed for the distribution of licences for the above mentioned quantities of Non-European produce, which Committee is to secure the fulfilment of such engagement, and to attend to the respective destinations. -Art. 6. For these objects all Non-European produce shall be previously announced to the Commission, with the manufacture in which it is to be employed, for its future transport over the line.Art. 7. All Non-European produce found The following is a copy of the instrucbeyond the prescribed line, in greater tions transmitted from Paris to General quantities than the Commission deems ne- Molitor, and by him to the Directors of cessary for retail trade in six months, and the Customs in the Rivers Elbe, Weser, for domestic use in a year, shall, after six and Jade. The 6th article is important, weeks from the date of this Decree, be inasmuch as it allows vessels proceeding to subject to confiscation.-Art. S. The France, under licences from that GovernCity of Altona alone shall be exempt from ment, to touch at an English port, and these regulations, but all Non-European even land part of its cargo there, without produce in this city, and refined sugar and danger of being prosecuted for the same: molasses, shall be placed under the con-1. Every vessel must be provided with troul of a Committee of Export (whose a licence, bearing the number and series duties are explained.)-Art. 9. Every of the port, and the number of the li carriage is to give the security of 25 per cent. on the worth of the carriage and theries, Hamburgh; 2d series, Bremen; 3d loading, and for misconduct and false papers the whole is to be confiscated.-Art. 10. All Non-European produce which, in transport, shall be found within the boundary of the above mentioned places, shall be subject to confiscation; and further, both the owner and the carrier shall be fined in the value of the goods. The punishment shall be increased for each repetition of the offence; and if the party be guilty a fourth time, the offender is to sufler according to the judgment delivered in a General Chamber of Customs.-This Decree is to remain in force until superseded by some other, and the Military Commanders, as well as Officers of the Customs, are to watch over its punctual execution. CASSEL. 1st Sept. 1810. A Decree, published here, contains, among other things, the following: 1. The public debt of the ancient Hanoverian provinces will be administered se Published by R. BAGSHAW, Brydges-Street, Covent cences, delivered in each series.-1st se series, Lubeck.-To these licences will be affixed the signature of the Emperor; those of the Ministers of the Interior; and of Marine; and also, that of the DirectorGeneral of the Customs, who will transmit them to the Directors of the Customs at the ports above-mentioned.-2. The Director of the Customs at each of these Ports, must instantly send advice of the arrival of these licences to his Majesty's Charges d'Affaires and Consuls in the Hanseatic Cities. He will notify to the Consuls the applications addressed to him for licences. The Consuls are to fill up, in their own hand-writing, the number of the licence, the name of the vessel, the amount of tonnage, and the number of the crew; the name of the Captain, the firm of the Commercial-house under bond for France. They will also inscribe on the the vessel, and the port of destination in licences a motto, with the cypher which they have from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs; this motto to be different for each licence. (To be continued.) Garden :-Sold also by J. BUDD, Pall-Mall, LONDON-Printed by T. C. Hansard, Peterborough-Court, Fleet-Street. VOL. XVIII, No. 22.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1810. [Price 1s., 705] "He that fights, and goes away, -HUDIBRAS. [706 no more anticipation, and the time is come SUMMARY OF POLITICS. for recording the events of the campaign, PORTUGAL.The two common-place seeing that, when the last Dispatches came couplets, which I have taken for my motto away, every thing was prepared for the to this Number, which the celebrated au- final battle, and that, in all probability, thor of them used, in his mock-heroic the intelligence of that battle having been poem, in an ironical sense, and which have fought, and of the last victory having been generally, heretofore, been in such sense gained, will reach us before this sheet gets applied to events in real life, may, (if our into the press. So near the close as this; intelligence be correct) be literally ap- with the whole historical materials of the plied to the recent events in Portugal, and campaign lying before us; and with understood as conveying serious commen- nothing to add but a sentence or two, just dation on the conduct of our Commander, to describe the time and manner in which who fought at Busaço, who, immediately our Commander gave the desperate enemy after went thence with great celerity, and the coup-de-grace, or, in plain English, who has lived to fight another day, and put him out of his misery thus circumthat, too, according to all our intelligence stanced, it would be wrong any longer to. up to this time (Monday morning, 22nd delay giving, or, at any rate, attempting October, with every chance in his favour, to give, a brief history of this interesting, and with almost a dead certainty of gain- and will be long-remembered campaign. ing a glorious and decisive victory. TheThe campaign did not, as far as we fight, or the contest, between Baron Douro have much interest in it, begin 'till after of Wellesley and Viscount Wellington of the fall of CIUDAD RODRIGO, a large city Talavera and the French Marshal, the of Spain, about 20 miles (English) from Prince of Essling, whose name is Massena, the frontiers of Portugal. This city the has, in fact, been a chase. The two French, under the chief command of Masarmies were at, probably, when they sena, had completely invested so early as started, four hundred miles (by the road) the 11th of June last, and, after a most from the spot where they now are, and at gallant defence, under the command of which spot, being a very strong, if not DON ANDRES HAVEST!, it surrendered on impenetrable, position, our Commander the 10th of July. (See page 188,) Durand his army arrived first. That is to ing this siege, the head quarters of our say, he, in the language of my motto, won army, under its present Commander, Visthe race, and thus far, at least, he may be count of Talavera, was at ALVERCA, a considered as victorious.---In a former small place about twenty miles from Number (page 661), I expressed my dis- Ciudad Rodrigo, our advanced guard, like to the detailing of the events of a under General Craufurd, being placed becampaign, such as the present, by piece- tween that city and our head quarters. meal; because such a mode of proceeding On the 4th of July Massena sent forward always greatly diminished the pleasure of a body of troops, at the approach of whom contemplating final success; and I added, General Craufurd fell back (See page 188) that, in the case before us, the final over- into the neighbourhood of Fort Conception, throw, the route, the destruction, of the which is situated between Ciudad Rocapture, of Massena and his army, when drigo and ALMEIDA, the latter being a it should happen, would not afford nearly strongly fortified place, one of the frontier so much satisfaction, as it would have towns of Portugal, and situated at about afforded, if we had never heard of the ten miles from the frontiers. Some little Victory of Busaço. The objections, skirmishing took place upon this occasion, however, to this sort of anticipation seem in which our troops and those of Portugal now to be removed, or, rather, there can be distinguished themselves. We must Z 1 now, for want of ample details in an official In answer to this, our ministerial news-papers insisted, that it would have been bad policy in us to attempt to relieve Ciudad Rodrigo; but that the cause of Portugal was in no danger whatever; that independently of the natural strength of Portugal, there were various fortified places, which were adequately garrisoned and must be regularly besieged, among which were Elvas, Almeida, Penishe, St. Julien and Caceres; that, besides, we had complete military possession of the coun try, all the resources of which were at our disposal, and all the people hearty in our cause and strenous in their exertions; that in every part of the Peninsula, the prospect was fairer than ever, and in short, that there appeared to be no doubt of ultimate success; and the superiority of our troops over those of the French was confirmed by the dispatch of Lord Talavera giving an account of skirmishes with the enemy, The. former dispatch of our commander was, as we have seen, dated at Alverca, on the 11th of July. In his next, dated on the 28th of July, he gave us an account of the attack made by the French upon gen. Craufurd's advanced guard near Fort Conception, where the enemy assailed him in his position, overpowered him by numbers, and drove him back, with considerable loss (see page 221 and onwards).--Coeval with this intelligence were the assurances of the Morning Post and other ministerial prints, that our army in Portugal was full of confidence, that the Portuguese soldiers behaved admirably, and that, in general Craufurd's affair we gave the enemy an earnest of what may be expected in a general engagement (see page 212).--The next dispatch of Lord Talavera of which the public in England have any knowledge, was dated on the 29th of August at Celorico. But we must first see what we had been told at home in the interval. It had been stated to us that Massena had been outwitted by our Commander; that the former had hoped that we should relieve Rodrigo; next, that we should make a stand at Fort Conception, and lastly that we should risk a battle for the sake of Almeida; in all which hopes the Frenchmen had been disappointed, We were further told, that Massena had made a movement forward with a view of turning us, but that our Commander, with great judgment and promptitude, disappointed it by throwing back his flank," which we were told, made the enemy re treat with all possible speed. It was added at this time that desertions were still very great in the French army, and that our Portuguese allies had uniformly con ducted themselves very gallantly. (See page 239.)--After this it appears (from the authority before mentioned, of course) that the French army became sorely af flicted with the dysentery, while our troops were free from that disease; that the main body of them, instead of advancing, had retreated, perhaps for want of provisions; that the Portuguese militia were numerous and fully prepared to meet the French, whose soldiers were deserting in all direc tions; that his languid operations had falsified the predictions of Lords Grenvillet and Grey; that Lord Talavera's army was in the highest health and spirits that (and several instances were given) the i Spaniards and Portuguese were beating the French and driving them before them wherever they came near them; that, at last Massena was in full retreat, owing to want of provisions and to desertion, disaffection and sickness; and that Lord Talavera, whose army had plenty of provisions, had 507); these accounts were calculated to give us a different impression as to the consequences of the fall of Almeida. We saw in that account, every reason to fear that the French would now be able to follow up their advantages. These fears were, too, rather augmented than lessened by the next dispatches of our commander, which was dated at Govea, on the fifth of September, and which gave us an account of the treachery and cowardice of the Lieutenant Governor and the commander of Artillery in the fortress of Almeida (see page 598). Nevertheless, it appeared, from the aforementioned autho certainly once offered Massena battle, forcements arrived, would be augmented |