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the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the A.C. 606. light of the candle.

11 And this whole land shall be a desolation, and an astonishment; and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years.

c 2 Chron.

i.

12 And it shall come to pass, when seventy years xxxvi. 21, 22. are accomplished, that I will + punish the king of Babylon, Ezra 1. 1. ch. and that nation, saith the LORD, for their iniquity, and the ix. 2. land of the Chaldeans, and will make it perpetual desola- cir. 606. tions.

* Beginning

2 Kings xxiv. 1. Ending cir.

+ Heb. visit

13 And I will bring upon that land all my words which 536. Ezra i 1. I have pronounced against it, even all that is written in upon. this book, which Jeremiah hath prophesied against all the

nations.

14 For many nations and great kings shall serve them- & ch. xxvii. 7. selves of them also: and I will recompense them according

to their deeds, and according to the works of their own hands.

15¶ For thus saith the LORD God of Israel unto me; Take the wine cup of this fury at my hand, and cause all e Job xxi. 20. the nations, to whom I send thee, to drink it.

16 And they shall drink, and be moved, and be mad, be

cause of the sword that I will send among them.

17 Then took I the cup at the LORD's hand, and made all the nations to drink, unto whom the LORD had sent

me:

18 To wit, Jerusalem, and the cities of Judah, and the kings thereof, and the princes thereof, to make them a desolation, an astonishment, an hissing, and a curse; as it is this day;

19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, and his servants, and his princes, and all his people;

20 And all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of Uz, and all the kings of the land of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Azzah, and Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod,

21 Edom, and Moab, and the children of h Ammon, 22 And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings Zidon, and the kings of the isles which are beyond

k sea,

231 Dedan, and Tema, and Buz, and all § that are

the utmost corners,

Ps. lxxv. 8.
Is. li. 17.

fch. xlix. 7, &c.

of

h ch. xlix. 1.

the

gch. xlviii. 1. ich. xlvii. 4.

+ Or, region by the sea side.

in

k

ch. xlix. 23.

24 And all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the

" mingled people that dwell in the desert,

25 And all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of " Elam,

and all the kings of the Medes,

1 ch. xlix. 8.

Heb. cut of into corners,

or,

having the

corners of the hair polled; ch. ix. 26.

m ch. xlix. 31.

n ch. xlix. 34.

A. C. 606.

* Heb. upon

which my

26 And all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another, and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth: and the king of Sheshach shall drink after them.

27 Therefore thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Drink ye, and be drunken, and spue, and fall, and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.

28 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thine hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them, Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Ye shall certainly drink.

ol Pet. iv. 17. 29 For, lo, I begin to bring evil on the city which is called by my name, and should ye be utterly unpunished? name is called. Ye shall not be unpunished: for I will call for a sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth, saith the LORD of hosts.

Amos i. 2.

30 Therefore prophesy thou against them all these words, Joel iii. 16. and say unto them, The LORD shall roar from on high, and utter his voice from his holy habitation; he shall mightily roar upon his habitation; he shall give a shout, as they that tread the grapes, against all the inhabitants of the earth.

31 A noise shall come even to the ends of the earth; for the LORD hath a controversy with the nations, he will plead with all flesh; he will give them that are wicked to the sword, saith the LORD.

32 Thus saith the LORD of hosts, Behold, evil shall go forth from nation to nation, and a great whirlwind shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.

33 And the slain of the LORD shall be at that day from one end of the earth even to the other end of the earth: they q ch. xvi. 4. shall not be 9 lamented, neither gathered, nor buried; they shall be dung upon the ground.

r ch. iv. 8. & vi. 26.

+Heb.

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34 Howl, ye shepherds, and cry; and wallow youryour selves in the ashes, ye principal of the flock: for + the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions are accomplished; Heb. a vessel and ye shall fall like a pleasant vessel.

days for slaughter.

of desire.

(Heb. flight 35 And the shepherd shall have no way to flee, nor the from the shep principal of the flock to escape.

shall perish

herds, and escaping from,

&c.

36 A voice of the cry of the shepherds, and an howling of the principal of the flock, shall be heard: for the LORD hath spoiled their pasture.

37 And the peaceable habitations are cut down because of the fierce anger of the LORD.

38 He hath forsaken his covert, as the lion for their Heb. a deso- land is || desolate because of the fierceness of the oppressor,

lation.

and because of his fierce anger.

SECTION IX.

First reading of the Roll by Baruch.

JEREMIAH XXXVI. VER. 1-9 69.

1 And it came to pass in the fourth year of Jehoiakim A.C. 606. the son of Josiah king of Judah, that this word came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,

2 Take thee a roll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken unto thee against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this 8 ch. xxv. 3. day.

3 It may be that the house of Judah will hear all the evil which I purpose to do unto them; that they may return every man from his evil way; that I may forgive their iniquity and their sin.

4 Then Jeremiah called Baruch the son of Neriah: and Baruch wrote from the mouth of Jeremiah all the words of the LORD, which he had spoken unto him, upon a roll of a book.

up;

5 And Jeremiah commanded Baruch, saying, I am shut I cannot go into the house of the LORD: 6 Therefore go thou, and read in the roll, which thou hast written from my mouth, the words of the LORD in the ears of the people in the LORD's house upon the fasting day:

69 By divine appointment, Jeremiah causes Baruch to write all his former prophecies in a roll, and to read them to the people, to give them an opportunity, before they were taken into Babylon, of "presenting their supplications before the Lord," as his anger was greatly kindled against them. The expression, "shut up," ver. 5. Dr. Blayney supposes to signify, from the context following, that Jeremiah was under some confinement, or restraint; which precluded him from going to the house of Jehovah: he might have been obliged, after the charge brought against him, chap. xxvi. to have given some security that he would not enter the temple, or prophesy in it for a certain time, without being absolutely in prison; as we read ver. 19. (the year following) he was then at liberty. Archbishop Usher, and Dean Prideaux, both think the roll was read twice, once in the 4th, and again in the 5th year of Jehoiakim, ver. 8-10. and on their authority this chapter is divided. The great fast of the expiation, on which it is supposed Baruch read the roll, in the 4th year, was annually kept by the Jews on the 10th day of the month Tizri, which answers to our Sep-. tember; immediately before Nebuchadnezzer laid siege to Jerusalem.

Dr. Blayney is of a contrary opinion, and supposes the roll to have been read only once; for his arguments on this subject, see Blayney's Notes on Jeremiah in loc. Josephus mentions the roll as being read once in the 9th month of the 5th year of Jehoiakim.

A.C. 606. and also thou shalt read them in the ears of all Judah that come out of their cities.

* Heb. their supplication shall fall.

7 It may be they will present their supplication before the LORD, and will return every one from his evil way: for great is the anger and the fury that the LORD hath pronounced against this people.

8 And Baruch the son of Neriah did according to all that Jeremiah the prophet commanded him, reading in the book the words of the LORD in the LORD's house.

SECTION X.

Consolation to Baruch on reading the Roll.

JEREMIAH XLV 70.

1 The word that Jeremiah the prophet spake unto Baruch the son of Neriah, when he had written these words in a book at the mouth of Jeremiah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, saying,

2 Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, unto thee, O Baruch;

3 Thou didst say, Woe is me now! for the LORD hath added grief to my sorrow; I fainted in my sighing, and I find no rest.

4 Thus shalt thou say unto him, The LORD saith thus; Behold, that which I have built will I break down, and that which I have planted I will pluck up, even this whole land.

5 And seekest thou great things for thyself? seek them not for, behold, I will bring evil upon all flesh, saith the tch. xxxix. LORD: but thy life will I give unto thee 'for a prey in all places whither thou goest.

18.

SECTION XI.

Commencement of the Captivity.

2 KINGS XXIV. PART OF VER. 1.

1 In his days Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant three years.

2 CHRONICLES XXXVI. VER. 6, 7.

6 Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Baby+ Or, chains: lon, and bound him in + fetters, to carry him to Babylon.

foretold, Hab.

i. 6.

70 This chapter is merely an appendage to chap. xxxvi. its date, and therefore its place, are assigned by ver. 1. Jeremiah, by God's command, encourages Baruch, with the assurance that his life should be preserved by a special providence, amidst all the calamities denounced against Judah.

7" Nebuchadnezzar also carried of the vessels of the A.C. 606. house of the LORD to Babylon, and put them in his temple at Babylon.

X

DANIEL I. VER. 1-8.

Kings

u 2
xxiv. 13. Dan.
i. 1, 2.

1 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusa- x2 Kings lem, and besieged it "1.

2 And the Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, with part of the vessels of the house of God: which he carried into the land of Shinar to the house of his god; and he brought the vessels into the treasure house of his god.

xxiv. 1. 2 Chron. xxxvi. 6.

3 And the king spake unto Ashpenaz the master of his eunuchs, that he should bring * certain of the children of Foretold Israel, and of the king's seed, and of the princes;

"The year of the captivity must be dated from A.C. 606, the fourth year of Jehoiakim; for the decree of Cyrus was issued at the end of the seventy years, in the year 536. Some difficulty has arisen from an apparent difference between Daniel and Jeremiah The latter, chap. xxv. ver. 1. dates the commencement of the captivity in the fourth of Jehoiakim, the former is supposed to date it in the third. On examining, however, the passage in Daniel, (Dan. i. ver. 1.) it will be remarked, that it only relates that Nebuchadnezzar came up to Jerusalem and besieged it. No date being assigned, ver. 2. to the captivity of the king, and the removal of his treasures; we may infer, according to Jeremiah, that the captivity actually took place in the fourth year of Jehoiakim, and that Daniel begins his computation from the time that Nebuchadnezzar was sent by his father from Babylon on this expedition; which was in the latter end of the third year of Jehoiakim. After that, two months, at least, must have been spent in his march to the borders of Syria. There, in about the beginning of the fourth year of Jehoiakin, he fought the Egyptians, and, having overthrown them, besieged Carchemish, and took it. After this, he reduced all the provinces of Syria, and Phenicia, in which having employed the greatest part of the year, in the beginning of October he laid siege to Jerusalem, and took it about a month after. This event is supposed to have taken place on the 18th of the month called Cisleu, which answers to our November; and this day has ever since been set apart by the Jews as an annual fast, in commemoration of this great calamity. On Jehoiakim humbling himself, and submitting to become tributary, he is restored to his kingdom; and Nebuchadnezzar, hearing of his father's death, hurries across the desert to take possession of his empire; leaving his captives in the care of his generals, to follow after. Before he removed from Jerusalem, he gave particular orders to Ashpenaz, the master of his eunuchs, to choose children of the royal family and nobility of the land, ver. 4. to take with him to Babylon, "to stand in the king's palace, and to whom they might teach the learning and the tongue of the Chaldeans;" thereby exactly fulfilling the word of the Lord, spoken by Isaiah to Hezekiah king of Judah, above an hundred years before this event. Isaiah xxxix. 7.-Prideaux's Connection, vol. i. p. 87 ;-Hales' Anal. vol. ii. p. 478.

2 Kings xx. 17, 18.

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