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MATT. XX.

Lord, that our eyes 34 may be opened. So Jesus had compassion on them, and touched their eyes and immediately their eyes received sight, and they followed him. [See in § 112.]

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XIX. 1

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$110. THE VISIT TO ZACCHEUS.

PARABLE OF THE TEN POUNDS.-Jericho. LUKE XIX. 2-28.

And, behold, there was a man named Zaccheus, which was the chief 3 among the publicans, and he was rich. And he sought to see Jesus who 4 he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature. And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycomore tree to see him for he was 5 to pass that way. And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zaccheus, make haste, and come down; for 6 to day I must abide at thy house. And he made haste, and came down, 7 and received him joyfully. And when they saw it, they all murmured, say8 ing, That he was gone to be guest with a man that is a sinner. And Zaccheus stood, and said unto the Lord; Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have taken any thing from any man by false ac9 cusation, I restore him fourfold.' And Jesus said unto him, This day is salvation come to this house, forsomuch as he also is a son of Abraham. 10 For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost. 11

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And as they heard these things, he added and spake a parable, because he was nigh to Jerusalem, and because they thought that the kingdom of 12 God should immediately appear." He said therefore, A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return. 13 And he called his ten servants, and delivered them ten pounds, and said 14 unto them, Occupy till I come. But his citizens hated him, and sent a mes15 sage after him, saying, We will not have this man to reign over us. And it came to pass, that when he was returned, having received the kingdom, then he commanded these servants to be called unto him, to whom he had given the money, that he might know how much every man had gained by 16 trading. Then came the first, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten 17 pounds. And he said unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou 18 hast been faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities. And 19 the second came, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained five pounds. And 20 he said likewise to him, Be thou also over five cities. And another came,

saying, Lord, behold, here is thy pound, which I have kept laid up in a 21 napkin: for I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest 22 up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow. he saith unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked

I restore fourfold. He names this amount, probably, because the Roman law exacted a fourfold restitution from publicans who were convicted of extortion in collecting the taxes. But according to the Jewish law, if a defrauder wished of his own accord, or on his own confession, to make restitution, he was not required to restore

And

more than the amount defrauded, and a fifth
part in addition; see Num. 5. 6, 7.
2 Comp. Acts 1. 6.

3 Ten pounds. What is here rendered pound (uvā, miña) is reckoned to be equal to £3 2s. 6d.

of our money.

LUKE XIX.

servant. Thou knewest that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid 23 not down, and reaping that I did not sow: wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine 24 own with usury? And he said unto them that stood by, Take from him 25 the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds. (And they said unto 26 him, Lord, he hath ten pounds.) For I say unto you, That unto every one which hath shall be given; and from him that hath not, even that he hath 27 shall be taken away from him. But those mine enemies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slay them before me. And when he had thus spoken, he went before, ascending up to Jerusalem. [See in § 112.]

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§ 111. JESUS ARRIVES AT BETHANY SIX DAYS BEFORE THE PASSOVER.-Bethany. JOHN XI. 55-57. XII. 1, 9—11.

55 And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the 56 country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves." Then sought they for Jesus, and spake among themselves, as they stood in the 57 temple, What think ye, that he will not come to the feast? Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any man knew where he were, he should show it, that they might take him. XII. 1 Then Jesus six days before the passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead. [See 9 ver. 2-8 in § 131.]-Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there and they came not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might 10 see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead. But the chief 11 priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death; because that by reason of him many of the Jews went away, and believed on Jesus.

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the evening following Thursday (which evening was reckoned by the Jews to Friday), the sixth day before it was Saturday, or the Jewish sabbath, provided we reckon exclusively, as Greswell shows we ought in Dissert. i. p. 8, vol. iii. On that day, then, Jesus came to Bethany. Compare Matt. 12. 1 [in § 37].

John 12. 2-8, where the supper at Bethany is described, is postponed in accordance with the order of Matthew and Mark. See Note on § 131 in the Appendix.

4 John 11. 1, 43.

PART VII.

OUR LORD'S PUBLIC ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM, AND THE SUBSEQUENT TRANSACTIONS BEFORE THE FOURTH PASSOVER.

TIME: Five days.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE.

THE Jewish day of twenty-four hours was reckoned from sunset to sunset; as is still the case in oriental countries. The paschal lamb was killed on the fourteenth day of Nisan towards sunset; and was eaten the same evening, after the fifteenth day of Nisan had begun; Ex. 12. 6, 8, and Introd. Note to Part VIII. Our Lord was crucified on the day before the Jewish sabbath, that is, on Friday, Mark 15. 42; and as he had eaten the passover on the preceding evening, it follows that the fourteenth of Nisan fell that year on Thursday, reckoned from the preceding sunset. Hence, the sixth day (reckoning exclusively1) before the passover, when Jesus came to Bethany, was the Jewish sabbath, or our Saturday (see Note on § 111); and the transactions of the following week, comprised in Parts VII. and VIII., may be distributed according to the following schedule; which agrees in the main with the Schema of Lightfoot (see Hor. Heb. in Joh. 12. 2) and with the arrangement of Wieseler (Chron. Synop. p. 390—415).

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9. 7. SAT.

SCHEDULE OF DAYS.

reckoned from preceding sunset. The Jewish sabbath. Jesus arrives at Bethany, John 12. 1. 10. 1. SUND. from preced. sunset. Jesus makes his public entry into Jerusalem, § 112; and returns at night to Bethany, Mark 11. 11.-On this day the paschal lamb was to be selected, Ex. 12. 3.

11. 2. MOND. from preced. sunset. Jesus goes to Jerusalem; on his way the incident of the barren fig-tree. He cleanses the temple, § 113; and again returns to Bethany, Mark 11. 19.

12. 3. TUESD. from preced. sunset. Jesus returns to the city; on the way the disciples see the fig-tree withered, Mark 11. 20. Our Lord discourses in the temple, §§ 115-126; takes leave of it; and, when on the mount of Olives, on his way to Bethany, foretells his coming to destroy the city, and proceeds to speak also of his final coming to judgment, §§ 127–130. 13. 4. WEDN. from preced. sunset. The rulers conspire against Christ. On the eve of this day, (i. e. the evening following Tuesday,) our Lord had partaken of the supper at Bethany; where Mary anointed him, and where Judas laid his plan of treachery, which he made known to the chief priests in the course of this day.-Jesus remained this day at Bethany.

14. 5. THURSD. from preced. sunset. Jesus sends two disciples to the city to make ready the passover. He himself repairs thither in the afternoon, in order to eat the paschal supper at evening.

15. 6. FRID.

from preced. sunset. At evening, in the very beginning of the fifteenth of Nisan, Jesus partakes of the paschal supper; institutes the Lord's

1 Robinson has, in his English Harmony, pre- from the 9th day of Nisan to the 10th, and the ferred to reckon the sixth day before the passover public entry into Jerusalem from the 10th to the inclusively, and so shifted the arrival at Bethany 11th, &c.

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INTRODUCTORY NOTE CONTINUED.

supper; is betrayed and apprehended; §§ 133-143. He is brought first
before Caiaphas, and then in the morning before Pilate; is condemned,
crucified, and before sunset laid in the sepulchre; §§ 144–158.
The Jewish sabbath. Our Lord rests in the sepulchre.

Jesus rises from the dead at early dawn; see § 159 and Note.

§ 112. OUR LORD'S PUBLIC ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM.-Bethany, Jerusalem,

First Day of the Week.

JOHN XII. 12-19.

12 ON the next day1 much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,

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MATT. XXI. 1-11, 14-17.

And when they drew nigh unto Jerusalem, and were come to Bethphage, unto the mount of Olives, then sent Je2 sus two disciples, saying unto them, Go into the village over against you, and straightway ye shall find an ass tied, and a colt with her loose them, and bring them unto me.

3 And if any man say aught unto you, ye shall say, The Lord hath need of them; and straightway he will send them.6 And the disciples went, and did as Jesus commanded them,

7 and brought the ass,

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MARK XI. 1–11.

And when they came 29 nigh to Jerusalem, unto Bethphage and Bethany, at the mount of Olives, he sendeth forth two of his disciples, and saith unto 30 them, Go your way into the village over against you and as soon as ye be entered into it, ye shall find a colt tied, whereon never man

sat; loose him, and 3 bring him. And if any 31 man say unto you, Why do

ye this? say ye that the Lord hath need of him; and straightway he will send him hither. 4 And they went their 32 way, and found the colt tied by the door without in a place where two ways met; and 33 5 they loose him. And certain of them that stood there said unto them, What do ye, 34 6 loosing the colt? And they said unto them

even as Jesus had commanded: and they let 7 them go.

1 On the next day, that is, after the arrival at Bethany, not after the supper in Simon's house (see § 131). This was the 10th of Nisan, on which day the paschal lamb was set apart (Ex. 12. 3). Might not our Lord's choice of this day for mak

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come

LUKE XIX, 29-44. And it came to pass, when he was nigh to Bethphage and Bethany, at the mount called the mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples, saying, Go ye into the village over against you; in the which at your entering ye shall find a colt tied, whereon yet never man sat: loose him, and bring him hither. And if any man ask you, Why do ye loose him? thus shall ye say unto him, Because the Lord hath need of him. And they that were sent went their way, and found even as he had said unto them. And as they were loosing the colt, the owners thereof said unto them, Why loose ye the colt? And they said, The Lord hath need of

And they 35 him. And they brought

ing his public entry into Jerusalem and the temple have reference to the fact, that he himself was the true Passover which was then to be slain for us (1 Cor. 5. 7)?

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LUKE XIX.

him to Jesus: and they cast their garments upon the colt, and they set Jesus thereon.

JOHN XII.

And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written, Fear not, daughter of Sion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass's colt.

LUKE XIX.

And as

they

went, they
spread their

JOHN XII.

clothes in the 13 took branches

way. And when he was come nigh, even now at the descent of the mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with à loud voice for all the mighty works that they had seen; saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven,and glory in the highest.4

JOHN XII.

of palm trees, and went forth to meet him,

and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord."—

16 These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that these things were written of him, 17 and that they had done these things unto him. The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from 18 the dead, bare record. For this cause the people also met him, for that 19 they heard that he had done this miracle. The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him. ́ [See in § 125.]

Zech. 9. 9.

2 This spreading of garments and branches on the way was a custom observed in token of honour and welcome for a king: comp. 2 Kings 9. 13.

3 Comp. Psa. 118. 25.
Comp. Luke 2. 14.

5 Comp. John 14. 26.
6 John 11. 43.

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