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THE

MISSIONARY HERALD.

VOL. LXXXVIII. JULY, 1892. — No. VII.

FOR the month of May, as compared with the corresponding month in 1891, there was an advance in the receipts from donations of over $5,000, from legacies of over $8,700; a total advance of $13,889.76. This gives us for the first nine months of the fiscal year an advance from donations of over $7,000 and a decline from legacies of over $24,700, leaving the receipts for nine months. from these sources less than those of the corresponding months last year to the amount of $17,704.22. During the next three months we have reason to expect a decided advance in receipts from bequests. May we not also expect a continued advance from donations?

JAPAN claims an unusual amount of space in this number of our magazine. No one who reads Mr. Albrecht's résumé of the evangelistic work connected with the Kyōto station should fail to read also a report of a recent remarkable tour made by Dr. Davis in one section of the Kyōto field. Many of our readers will doubtless feel, as we do, that some of our missionaries in Japan and elsewhere need to remember that they have bodies to be cared for, and that, however pressing the work may be, it is not well to kill the worker.

We are glad to see a report that the Rev. J. G. Paton, whose autobiography has stimulated and delighted so many of our readers, is proposing to come to Canada and the United States during the coming season. Mr. Paton has been specially distressed of late over the evils resulting from the "labor traffic” throughout Polynesia. Owing to the paucity of laborers in a great number of islands, including the Sandwich Islands, Fiji, and Queensland, "labor ships," so called, have gone among various groups of the island world, seeking to engage men under contract for three or five years' service. The natives were beguiled away from their homes, and to scenes that were strange and repulsive to them. Many of them died before their term of service had expired, and those who survived were unable to enforce the terms of the contract. Not only missionaries, but English officials, including the Vice-Admiral of the British navy, who has been in command of the Australian squadron for three years, testify that, even under the most stringent regulations, the wrongs and abuses of this labor traffic should lead to its entire suppression. Should Mr. Paton come to this country, he will be cordially welcomed for his own sake as well as in view of his desire to ameliorate the condition of the islanders of the Pacific, to whose service he has given his life.

A DISPATCH from London, June 4, states that the British East Africa Company has decided to withdraw its expedition at Uganda at the end of the year, and that it has notified the Church Missionary Society that after that date it can no longer undertake the protection of the society's missionaries in that region. This, if true, is a sad blow, and the condition of affairs at Uganda will be much more serious than it would have been had the East Africa Company never entered the field. It is not strange that the company, which has already expended over $400,000 in explorations between Mombasa and Lake Victoria, and has gained practically nothing in return, should not desire to maintain its hold at the Lake so long as the British government shows no inclination to aid in the building of the proposed railway. At the meeting of the company, held in London May 18, the president reported that the survey for the railway had been carried inland 400 miles, leaving but from 100 to 150 miles for further exploration, and he declared that no obstacle had appeared to prevent the cheap and easy construction of the projected railway; but he complained that the government had not fostered the undertaking, as it should have done, in the interests of British commerce and for the suppression of the slave-trade. According to Sir William McKinnon, the fear that had been entertained that the warlike Masai would seriously interfere with the surveys and the building of the railroad has proved groundless, these natives not only having made no assaults, but so conducting themselves that it was confidently believed they would make excellent police. The reports given at this annual meeting of the British East Africa Company are of such a character as to lead us to hope that the more recent telegram in reference to their withdrawal from Uganda will prove incorrect.

THE native church at Brousa, Turkey, gave a pleasant surprise to Mr. and Mrs. Baldwin, the faithful missionaries resident in their city, when on the eighth of May they borrowed rugs, tapestries, etc., from the bazaars, and fitted up a large room of the Boys' School building in oriental luxury, and then with music. and singing and speechmaking presented their congratulations to these missionaries on the occasion of their silver wedding. The incident revealed the high regard in which Mr. and Mrs. Baldwin are held, and illustrates the cordial relations existing between the native Christians and those who are helping them in the gospel.

THE many friends in this country who are aiding students in our various mission theological schools should understand that they are not only preparing laborers for future service, but are aiding men who are already doing good work for the Master. We have reported at several times the successful labors of the theological students in the Doshisha of Japan. Mr. Barton, of Harpoot, writes us of the return of the theological students connected with Euphrates College, who have been spending their vacation in labors among the villages around that city. He says it was "inspiring to see the glow of enthusiasm with which these students told of the joys and successes which had accompanied their labors." Apart from the valuable missionary work most of them have done, the reaction upon themselves both intellectually and spiritually has been most favorable.

A MISSIONARY in Turkey desires attention called to the fact that the limit of weight of a letter which is sent by international post, at a single rate (five cents), is one-half ounce, and not one ounce, as in the United States. Many correspondents in this country seem unaware of this fact, and mail letters with insufficient postage, compelling the missionaries often to pay double rates on the receipt of their letters. This, of course, is wholly through inadvertence, but it is an inadvertence which costs our missionaries many dollars.

WE have alluded several times recently to the explorations of Mr. J. Theodore Bent in Mashonaland, and especially to his reports concerning the great ruins at Zimbabwe. The May number of the Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society has a most interesting article by Mr. Bent, with some illustrations showing the marvelous structures in this interior portion of southeastern Africa. Zimbabwe is about 140 miles southwest of Massi Kessi, and is less than that distance from the region in Gazaland which our missionaries propose to occupy. We have copied the model of the circular ruin presented in the paper of Mr. Bent, as nothing we can say will so well indicate the extraordinary nature of the

structure. This circular ruin measures about 300 feet in length and 250 feet in width. The encircling wall is 30 feet high, and between 16 and 17 feet thick. The stone is granite, broken with a hammer into uniform size, but having no chisel marks. The courses of stone are carried up with surprising evenness. Evidently the structure was made by a race other than that which now inhabits the region. Mr. Bent is convinced by the style of the structure that the builders were Arabians, who came to this region for the sake of the gold which abounds. Gold-smelting furnaces are found, and though the reefs which furnish the ore are distant, yet the precipitous mound on which this structure is built would furnish the best of defences from attacks of surrounding tribes. It is obvious, Mr. Bent says, that the ruins formed a garrison of a gold-working race in a remote antiquity. The proximity of these most remarkable remains of a former race to the general district in Africa which our Board hopes to occupy makes this report of Mr. Bent a matter of interest to our readers.