21. Make a table contrasting the structure of the following: spider, dragon-fly, gnat, bee, cockroach, centipede.

22. Refer the following to their place in classification, stating the characters which enable you to do so: Armadillo, Hyrax, Jerboa, Mustelus.

23. Give dental formulæ for any twelve mammals.

(ƒ)

24. Explain fully what you understand by (i) a simple contraction (ii) tetanus of a muscle, and describe experiments by which each may be shown.

25. What effects are produced on a nerve by the passage of (i) a single induction shock, (ii) a constant current ?

26. Give a brief account of the chemistry of muscle.

27. What is meant by currents"?

"natural nerve and muscle

(g)

a

28. From what causes may we find any formation missing in series?

Give examples.

29. How do clay, shale, and slate differ? To what cause is the peculiar character of the last due?

Give examples of metamorphic rocks; to what cause do you attribute the change?

30. Make a table of the chief fossil Cephalopoda, and give their range in time.

31. What is the relation between the Old Red Sandstone and Devonian? In what parts of Great Britain are they found respectively. Name the characteristic fossils of each.

Logic.

General Paper.

1. Give and explain the three primary laws of thought. What is the principle of sufficient reason?

2. Explain the difference between mediate and immediate inference. Construct six correct syllogisms, and afterwards six more—each one breaking one of the rules of the syllogism.

3. What is understood by the moods and figures of the sylloExplain how it is that there are only nineteen valid

gism? moods.

4. Write from memory the mnemonic lines of the syllogism. Explain and give examples of (i) reduction, (ii) indirect reduction.

5. Note any peculiarity in the following arguments; state of what moods they are examples, and, if incorrect, what rules of the syllogism they break:

(a) The waterfalls are very beautiful this month, for there has been so much rain lately.

(b) All the red-haired boys in the village wear college caps, for there are no boys with red hair but the sons of Mr. C., who all go to Mr. D.'s school, where such caps are worn.

(c) If Mr. Henry George succeeds in implanting his opinions in the minds of Englishmen, England will be revolutionised; but he has not yet succeeded in causing his views to be adopted, therefore England is not yet revolutionised.

(d) If a boy begins to study Euclid while very young, his reasoning powers will be good. C.'s reasoning powers are good, therefore he must have begun the study of Euclid at an early age.

6. Give examples of (a) a constructive of hypothetical syllogism.

(b) A destructive hypothetical syllogism.

(c) A disjunctive syllogism.

(d) A simple constructive dilemma.

(e) A complex constructive dilemma.

A destructive dilemma.

7. What is meant by the quantification of the predicate? What are its advantages? Explain the term worse relation.

French History.

The Examiner in French History particularly requests that an hour of each day may be devoted to the careful study of a portion of the month's Historical Section, reading the whole, and always making a written analysis of the portion studied. The questions are intended to mark chief points to be noted, and not to form the basis of the Student's work, which is futile unless thoroughly general.

(a) GENERAL HISTORY, 1270-1360; (b) SPECIAL, 1525—1547.

(a)

1. Name the territories added by Philip III. to the throne of France. Draw a map of the country previous to Philip's reign, add his acquisitions, and state the means by which he became possessed of them.

2. Give some account of the monarchy under Philip Le Bel; connect with it the legal progress of these times in France. Dwell on the origin and result of the celebrated Bull, Clericis Laicos, and removal of the Papacy to Avignon.

3. To what causes do you attribute the revolt in Flanders and the Anglo-French rupture of 1337? Give a brief account of Crecy, Mons, Poitiers, Peace of Bretigny. What was the Jacquerie?

(b)

4. Write a short life of Calvin or of Erasmus, connecting them with the progress of the Reformation in France. What do you know concerning the persecutions of the Vaudois during the religious wars of this reign?

5. Who were Duprat, Henry Stephen, Cousin, Rabelais? How far may Francis I. be considered "the father and restorer of letters" at this date?

Constitutional History.

1154-1216.

1. Give a clear account of the judicial reforms of Henry II. 2. Write a life of Thomas à Becket, with marginal notes on points of constitutional interest.

3. Describe the courts which grew up round the king between 1066 and 1216.

4. Enumerate the chief events in the history of John's quarrel with the Pope. Estimate its constitutional importance.

5. Give a careful analysis of the contents of Magna Charta. 6. Quote the most important clauses of Magna Charta. Give historical reasons for your choice in each case.

Political Economy.

Senior.

1. State carefully the Law of Diminishing Returns, and give examples.

2. Distinguish profit-capital and production-capital, and show that things which are profit-capital are not necessarily productioncapital.

3. "Value is determined by supply and demand." Explain this statement, and illustrate it by a diagram.

4. Distinguish value and price, final utility and total utility. What do you understand by the expression, "The price of gold "? 5. If rent was never paid, would bread be any cheaper? Explain fully your reasons for your answer.

Political Economy.

Higher Local.

1. Define :-Expenses of production, cost of production, fixed capital, personal wealth, consumer's wealth, standard of comfort, value in use, value in exchange.

2. How is normal value determined? Have all commodities a normal value?

3. Why cannot division of labour be carried to such an extent in agriculture as in manufactures ?

4. What are the disadvantages of division of labour? Can you suggest any remedies?

5. Show how the late bad harvests in England have affected— (i) Farmers.

(ii) Landlords.

(iii) The nation as a whole.

6. Can the laws of Political Economy be put on a level with physical laws?

Music.

Junior and Senior.

1. Give a definition of a scale.

2. Give the meanings attached to the word degree.

3. Write out the signatures of these scales: E minor, C minor, A 2 minor, and G # minor, giving also the leading note of each.

4. Write out the following minor scales: B, F, B 2, and C, both in the Harmonic form and in the Melodic or Arbitrary form.

5. Distinguish between the tonic minor and the relative minor.

6. Name the interval

and explain your

answer by giving the rules for determining the name and nature of intervals.

7. What is meant by intervals being said to be complementary to each other?

8. Give the names by which the different degrees of the scale are distinguished, and state why these names are used.

For Senior Candidates only.

9. What is meant by syncopation?

10. In what style of composition did the English composers of the 16th century excel?