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Holy garments.

Before CHRIST

1491.

b Ecclus. 45. 9.

+ Heb. fill their hand.

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34 A golden bell and a pomegranate, it shall be a statute for ever unto him
a golden bell and a pomegranate, upon and his seed after him.
the hem of the robe round about.

35 And it shall be upon Aaron to minister: and his sound shall be heard when he goeth in unto the holy place before the LORD, and when he cometh out, that he die not.

CHAP. XXIX.

1 The sacrifice and ceremonies of consecrating
the priests. 38 The continual burnt offering.
45 God's promise to dwell among the chil-
dren of Israel.

36 ¶ And thou shalt make a plate AND this is the thing that thou

of pure gold, and grave upon it, like
the engravings of a signet, HOLI-
NESS TO THE LORD.

37 And thou shalt put it on a
blue lace, that it may be upon the
mitre; upon the forefront of the
mitre it shall be.

38 And it shall be upon Aaron's forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the LORD.

39 And thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen, and thou shalt make the mitre of fine linen, and thou shalt make the girdle of needlework. 40 And for Aaron's sons thou shalt make coats, and thou shalt make for them girdles, and bonnets shalt thou make for them, for glory and for beauty.

41 And thou shalt put them upon Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him; and shalt anoint them, and +consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office.

42 And thou shalt make them + Heb. flesh linen breeches to cover their nakedness; from the loins even unto the thighs they shall + reach:

of their nakedness.

† Heb. be.

43 And they shall be upon Aaron,
and upon
his sons,
when they come
in unto the tabernacle of the congre-
gation, or when they come near unto
the altar to minister in the holy place;
that they bear not iniquity, and die

the ringing of a small bell by the officiating Brahmin. Maurice.

38.- that Aaron may bear the iniquity &c.] Meaning that, if there should happen to be any defects in the sacrifices or gifts presented to God, these defects might be pardoned by the intercession of the high priest, when he appeared before God with this plate as a crown on his head. Bp. Patrick. In this the high priest was a fit type of Christ, 1 Pet. ii. 26. Bp. Kidder.

39.the mitre] The form of the high priest's mitre is not well understood, the descriptions which are given of it being very various; nor is it known in what re

Before CHRIST 1491.

shalt do unto them to hallow them, to minister unto me in the priest's office: Take one young bul- a Lev. 8. 2. lock, and two rams without blemish,

2 And unleavened bread, and cakes unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers unleavened anointed with oil: of wheaten flour shalt thou make them.

3 And thou shalt put them into one basket, and bring them in the basket, with the bullock and the two rams.

4 And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and shalt wash them with water.

5 And thou shalt take the garments, and put upon Aaron the coat, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and gird him with the curious girdle of the ephod:

6 And thou shalt put the mitre upon his head, and put the holy crown upon the mitre.

7 Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, b Chap. 30. and anoint him.

8 And thou shalt bring his sons, and put coats upon them.

sons,

25.

9 And thou shalt gird them with girdles, Aaron and his and +put the bonnets on them: and the † Heb. bind. priest's office shall be theirs for a perpetual statute: and thou shalt consecrate Aaron and his sons.

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+ Heb. fill the hand of.

C

41.

10 And thou shalt cause a bullock e Chap. 28. to be brought before the tabernacle of the congregation and Aaron d Lev. 1. 4.

d

spects it differed from the bonnet (ver. 40.) of the other priests, except that it was more adorned and costly. The Hebrew doctors say that they both consisted of folds of linen wrapt several times round, like the turbans now worn in the East. Calmet.

43. that they bear not iniquity, and die:] That God may not punish them with death, for profaneness in neglecting to appear before Him with the sacred garments, which He has appointed. Bp. Patrick.

Chap. XXIX. ver. 10.-shall put their hands upon the head] This was to shew that they loaded the victim

The consecration

Before CHRIST 1491.

e Lev. 3. 3.

by Anatomy, and the

CHAP. XXIX.

and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the bullock.

11 And thou shalt kill the bullock before the LORD, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

12 And thou shalt take of the blood of the bullock, and put it upon the horns of the altar with thy finger, and pour all the blood beside the bottom of the altar.

13 And thou shalt take all the fat It seemeth that covereth the inwards, and || the caul that is above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and burn them upon the altar.

Hebrew docthe midriff.

tors, to be

14 But the flesh of the bullock, and his skin, and his dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp: it is a sin offering.

15¶ Thou shalt also take one ram; and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands the head of the ram.

upon 16 And thou shalt slay the ram, and thou shalt take his blood, and sprinkle it round about upon the altar.

17 And thou shalt cut the ram in pieces, and wash the inwards of him, and his legs, and put them unto his || Or, upon. pieces, and || unto his head.

18 And thou shalt burn the whole ram upon the altar: it is a burnt offering unto the LORD: it is a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD.

19 And thou shalt take the other ram; and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the ram.

20 Then shalt thou kill the ram, and take of his blood, and put it upon the tip of the right ear of Aaron, and upon the tip of the right ear of his sons, and upon the thumb of their right hand, and upon the great toe of

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of the priests.

their right foot, and sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about.

21 And thou shalt take of the blood that is upon the altar, and of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it upon Aaron, and upon his garments, and upon his sons, and upon the garments of his sons with him: and he shall be hallowed, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him.

22 Also thou shalt take of the ram the fat and the rump, and the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and the right shoulder; for it is a ram of consecration:

23 And one loaf of bread, and one cake of oiled bread, and one wafer out of the basket of the unleavened bread that is before the LORD:

Before CHRIST 1491.

24 And thou shalt put all in the hands of Aaron, and in the hands of his sons; and shalt || wave them for Or, shake a wave offering before the LORD.

25 And thou shalt receive them of their hands, and burn them upon the altar for a burnt offering, for a sweet savour before the LORD: it is an offering made by fire unto the LORD.

26 And thou shalt take the breast of the ram of Aaron's consecration, and wave it for a wave offering before the LORD: and it shall be thy part.

27 And thou shalt sanctify the breast of the wave offering, and the shoulder of the heave offering, which is waved, and which is heaved up, of the ram of the consecration, even of that which is for Aaron, and of that which is for his sons:

28 And it shall be Aaron's and his sons' by a statute for ever from

to and fro.

or twelve pounds, and according to the reports of travellers, some of them weigh upwards of fifty pounds. Bochart. This broad flattish tail is mostly covered with long wool: it is entirely composed of a substance between marrow and fat, being used instead of butter, and serving as an ingredient in several kinds of food. When the animal is young, it is little inferiour to the best marrow. When the animal has been pampered, the tail has been known to weigh seventy and eighty pounds; but usually they weigh from ten to twenty pounds. Dr. Russell.

26. it shall be thy part.] Moses being at this time in the stead of the High Priest, ver. 22. Bp. Kidder.

27.wave offering, heave offering,] There is no difference between the wave offering and the heave offering, except that the latter was only heaved or lifted

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Before the children of Israel: for it is an heave offering and it shall be an heave offering from the children of Israel of the sacrifice of their peace offerings, even their heave offering unto the LORD.

+ Heb. he of his sons.

29 And the holy garments of Aaron shall be his sons' after him, to be anointed therein, and to be consecrated in them.

30 And that son that is priest in his stead shall put them on seven days when he cometh into the tabernacle of the congregation to minister in the holy place.

31 ¶ And thou shalt take the ram of the consecration, and seethe his flesh in the holy place.

32 And Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram, and the f Lev. 8. 31. bread that is in the basket, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

Matt. 12. 4.

33 And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy.

34 And if ought of the flesh of the consecrations, or of the bread, remain unto the morning, then thou shalt burn the remainder with fire: it shall not be eaten, because it is holy.

35 And thus shalt thou do unto Aaron, and to his sons, according to all things which I have commanded thee: seven days shalt thou consecrate them.

36 And thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement: and thou shalt cleanse the altar, when thou hast made an atonement

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The continual burnt offering.

for it, and thou shalt anoint it, to sanctify it.

37 Seven days thou shalt make an atonement for the altar, and sanctify it; and it shall be an altar most holy: whatsoever toucheth the altar shall be holy.

Before CHRIST 1491.

38 Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs g Numb. 28. of the first year day by day continually.

39 The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even:

40 And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.

41 And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD.

42 This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD: where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee.

3.

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that office: bold men might not intrude into it; nor unqualified men be imposed upon it by any authority whatsoever. And the next care that God took, after He had adorned the place of his worship with all possible lustre and magnificence, was, to provide such ornaments and habits for the persons of those who served, as might make them remarkable above other men. "And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, for glory and for beauty," chap. xxviii. 2. And God vouchsafed to be as particular and punctual in his directions for the matter and form of those garments, as well for the sons, the inferiour priests, as for Aaron the High Priest himself, as He had been for the ark, the tabernacle, and the altar.

All which, methinks, should be a sufficient argument, or at least a sufficient motive, that particular places should be set aside, and adorned too, for the publick service of God: and for the distinction between the

The altar of incense.

Before CHRIST

1491.

+ Heb. the roof and the walls. + Heb. the walls.

+ Heb. ribs.

+ Heb. incense of

spices.

CHAP. XXIX, XXX.

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same.

3 And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, the + top thereof, and the sides thereof round about, and the horns thereof; and thou shalt make unto it a crown of gold round about.

4 And two golden rings shalt thou make to it under the crown of it, by the two corners thereof, upon the two sides of it shalt thou make it; and they shall be for places for the staves to bear it withal.

5 And thou shalt make the staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold.

6 And thou shalt put it before the vail that is by the ark of the testimony, before the mercy seat that is over the testimony, where I will meet with thee.

7 And Aaron shall burn thereon +sweet incense every morning: when Or, setteth he dresseth the lamps, he shall burn incense upon it.

up.

+ Heb. causeth to ascend.

8 And when + Aaron lighteth the

persons dedicated to his particular service, and qualified for that purpose, and the very habits appropriated to them, and the general ranks and classes of other men, who are not under the same obligations. Lord Clarendon.

Chap. XXX. ver. 1.—an altar to burn incense] Thence called the altar of incense; distinct from the altar of burnt offerings, described at chap. xxvii. 1-8. 6 — where I will meet with thee.] It seems from this, that though Aaron and his successors could go into the Holy of Holies only once a year, yet God gave to Moses the privilege of coming there as often as there was occasion to consult the Divine Majesty. Bp. Patrick. 9.- no strange incense] None but that which is prescribed at ver. 34-37 of this chapter.

10.—it is most holy unto the Lord.] Either the altar itself, being consecrated to God's service, is so called,

The ransom of souls.

Before CHRIST 1491.

lamps +at even, he shall burn incense upon it, a perpetual incense before the LORD throughout your genera-Heb. betions.

9 Ye shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt sacrifice, nor meat offering; neither shall neither shall ye pour drink

offering thereon.

10 And Aaron shall make an atonement upon the horns of it once

in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the LORD.

11 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

tween the two evens.

2, 5.

that are to be

12 a When thou takest the sum of a Numb. 1. the children of Israel after their Heb. them number, then shall they give every numbered. man a ransom for his soul unto the LORD, when thou numberest them; that there be no plague among them, when thou numberest them.

13 This they shall give, every one that passeth among them that are numbered, half a shekel. after the shekel of the sanctuary: (a shekel b Lev. 27: 25. is twenty gerahs :) an half shekel Ezek. 45. 12 shall be the offering of the LORD.

14 Every one that passeth among them that are numbered, from twenty years old and above, shall give an offering unto the LORD.

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or else the solemn expiation performed once a year, Levit. xvi. 29-34, which was the most holy rite in their religion. Bp. Patrick.

11. And the Lord spake] This is often repeated in this chapter, ver. 17. 22. 34, and the succeeding chapter, to shew that God did not deliver his precepts to Moses without intermission, but that He gave him time to rest, and then spake to him again. Bp. Patrick.

12. a ransom for his soul] As a homage, whereby they acknowledged that they had been redeemed by God, and also confessed his goodness in having multiplied their nation according to his promise. Wells.

Dr.

13. after the shekel of the sanctuary:] The shekel (nearly half a crown of our money) was called "after the shekel of the sanctuary," because the standard, according to which the money was tried, was kept in the sanctuary. Lewis.

The holy anointing oil.

Before CHRIST 1491.

c Chap. 29. 40.

|| Ог, perfumer.

31..

EXODUS.

that it may be a memorial unto the
children of Israel before the LORD,
to make an atonement for your souls.
17 And the LORD spake unto
Moses, saying,

18 Thou shalt also make a laver of
brass, and his foot also of brass, to
wash withal: and thou shalt put it
between the tabernacle of the congre-
gation and the altar, and thou shalt
put water therein.

19 For Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet there

at:

The composition of the perfume.

30 And thou shalt anoint Aaron and his sons, and consecrate them, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office.

31 And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying, This shall be an holy anointing oil unto me throughout your generations.

32 Upon man's flesh shall it not be poured, neither shall ye make any other like it, after the composition of it: it is holy, and it shall be holy unto you.

33 Whosoever compoundeth any

20 When they go into the taber-like it, or whosoever putteth any of it
nacle of the congregation, they shall upon a stranger, shall even be cut off
wash with water, that they die not; from his people.
or when they come near to the altar
to minister, to burn offering made by
fire unto the LORD:

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25 And thou shalt make it an oil of holy ointment, an ointment compound after the art of the || apothecary: it shall be an holy anointing oil.

26 And thou shalt anoint the tabernacle of the congregation therewith, and the ark of the testimony,

27 And the table and all his vessels, and the candlestick and his vessels, and the altar of incense,

34 And the LORD said unto Moses, Take unto thee sweet spices, stacte, and onycha, and galbanum; these sweet spices with pure frankincense: of each shall there be a like weight:

Before CHRIST 1491.

35 And thou shalt make it a per-
fume, a confection after the art of
the apothecary, + tempered together, Heb.
pure and holy:

36 And thou shalt beat some of it
very small, and put of it before the
testimony in the tabernacle of the
congregation, where I will meet with
thee: it shall be unto you most holy.

37 And as for the perfume which thou shalt make, ye shall not make to yourselves according to the composition thereof: it shall be unto thee holy for the LORD.

38 Whosoever shall make like unto that, to smell thereto, shall even be cut off from his people.

1

CHAP. XXXI.

Bezaleel and Aholiab are called and made
meet for the work of the tabernacle. 12 The
observation of the sabbath is again com-
manded. 18 Moses receiveth the two tables.

28 And the altar of burnt offering AND the LORD spake unto Moses,

with all his vessels, and the laver and
his foot.

29 And thou shalt sanctify them,
that they may be most holy: what-
soever toucheth them shall be holy.

-This shall be an holy anointing oil] It was to be set apart to the use of God's ministry, and therefore not to be employed on any other; not to be "poured on man's flesh," that is, not on the flesh of a common man, but only on the priests, and on such as were specially appointed. Bp. Patrick.

33.

- upon a stranger,] Upon one who is not a

saying,

salted.

2 See, I have called by name Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of a 1 Chron. 2. Hur, of the tribe of Judah :

3 And I have filled him with the spirit of God, in wisdom, and in

20.

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