lives, and poured out their heart's blood, for the honor of their country and the maintenance of our civil liberties, for whom have the people of this nation drawn the deepest sigh, or felt the loss most severely? And when the lives of our great men shall be correctly written by an impartial historian, and the names of those who have done most worthily, and contributed most to the prosperity and perpetuity of our government and to bless mankind, shall shine in letters of light, who can doubt that first and foremost on that long roll, (with a few honored exceptions,) will, by univeral consent, be inscribed the names of the EDUCATED MEN of our country. Burlington, 1862.

L. BENEDICT.

VISITING SCHOOLS.

Parents will walk the streets for hours, to examine fashions, to find the cheapest tailor, or to purchase a suit of clothes for the child, by which to adorn the body; but to enter the school-room to see that the proper encouragement and aid is given to adorn the mind, is another question, and one in which parents generally have not seen anything worthy their notice. They are too much engrossed in business, or they cannot understand what is right or wrong. The child is already further advanced than his parents, and thus the chapter is commenced and finished.

It never occurs to their minds, that their presence is a great encouragement, whether they understand the study or not; they forget that teachers are encouraged by these visits; that altogether the child is greatly benefited, and thus the parent rewarded for the little time spent in school. We hope to see a reform in this matter. Parents will soon discover the advantage, if they will only make the experiment. It will soon become a pleasure. There could be no more pleasant manner for a mother to spend an afternoon (and by far more creditable to many of our city moth ers, than promenading our fashionable streets two or three afternoons of the week, merely to see and be seen.) Let your children see by the interest you take in education, that it is worth striving for, that they are now preparing for future usefulness by developing their reasoning faculties and cultivating correct and studious habits of life, which for years to come will afford them many hours of pleasant reflections, combined with the satisfaction it will give them to know that they not only have reaped personal advantages, but that in society they are more capable of fulfilling their peculiar duties which Providence has placed in their sphere of life.-Family and School Room.

WE ARE COMING, FATHER ABRAHAM!

[The following was sung with much effect at the late meeting of the Association at Janesville, except that we make it read six instead of three hundred thousand, in accordance with the President's last call:]

We are coming, Father Abraham-six hundred thousand more,
From Mississippi's winding stream, and from New England's shore;
We leave our plows and workshops, our wives and children dear,
With hearts too full for utterance, with but a silent tear;
We dare not look behind us, but steadily before-

We are coming, Father Abraham-six hundred thousand more!

If you look across the hill-tops that meet the northern sky,
Long moving lines of rising dust your vision may descry;
And now the wind an instant, tears the cloudy veil aside,
And floats aloft our spangled flag in glory and in pride;
And bayonets in the sunlight gleam, and bands brave music pour-
We are coming, Father Abraham-six hundred thousand more!

If you look all up our valleys, where the growing harvests shine,
You may see our sturdy farmer boys fast forming into line,
And children from their mother's knees, are pulling at the weeds,
And learning how to reap and sow, against their country's needs;
And a farewell group stands weeping at every cottage door;
We are coming, Father Abraham-six hundred thousand more!

You have called us, and we are coming, by Richmond's bloody tide,
To lay us down for freedom's sake, our brothers' bones beside;
Or from foul treason's savage grasp to wrench the murderous blade,
And in the face of foreign foes its fragments to parade.

Six hundred thousand loyal men and true have gone before;
We are coming, Father Abraham-six hundred thousand more!

MUSIC.

Let us have music, singing, in all our schools. It is pleasant, healthful and ennobling. Let it commence and close every session. Let it accompany calisthenics and gymnastics. And if at any time the pupils become listless, or restless, suspend work and sing a song. There is nothing like it to "chase heavy hours away."-Mass. Teacher.

ENGLISH AND AMERICAN SCHOOL GIRLS.

Anthony Trollope, in his new book on America, thus speaks of our school girls : "I do not know any contrast that would be more surprising to an Englishman, up to that moment ignorant of the matter, than that which he would find by visiting, first of all, a free school in London, and then a free school in New York. The female pupil at a free school in London, as a rule, is either a ragged pauper or a charity girl; if not degraded, at least stigmatized by the badges and dress of the charity. We Englishmen know well the type of each, and have a fairly correct idea of the amount of education which is imparted to them. We see the result afterwards when the same girls become our servants, and the wives of our grooms and porters. The female pupil at a free school in New York is neither a pauper nor a charity girl. She is dressed with the utmost decency. She is perfectly cleanly. In speaking to her you cannot in any degree guess whether her father has a dollar a day or three thousand dollars a year. Nor will you be enabled to guess by the manner in which her associates treat her. As regards her own manner to you, it is always the same as though her father were, in all respects, your equal.”

RELIGION AND EDUCATION FOR ALL MEN.

The Gospel is a common school Gospel. Christ came as an educator. He came to strike through the narrow and opaque human mind with that intelligence which should carry, not simply knowledge of figures and letters, but the capacity to know whatever it was necessary that men should know. His mission, then, was to the million; for then, as now, the million were made up of the ignorant. Men have always been crude and unameliorated in the mass. The have lived chiefly among the lower notions. In regard to all but one in a million since the world began, it is true that they have been but little better than mere intelligent animals. It was time that some one should look after these; for they were the most neglected and uncared for of any class of people on the face of the earth.-H. W. Beecher.

EDUCATION OF CHILDREN.-I hold that the state has a right to compel parents to take advantage of the means of educating their children. If it can punish them for crime, it should have the power of preventing them from committing it, by giving them the habits and the education that are the surest safeguards.-Hon. Josiah Quincy.

MATHEMATICAL DEPARTMENT.

Solution of Problem 47.-Describe a circle and denote its radius by R. From the center of this circle draw lines to the circumference dividing the circle into three equal sectors, each of which will contain 120 degrees. Within one of these sectors describe a circle and let its radius be represented by x. Then the distance of the center of the smaller circle from that of the larger will be represented by R-x. Hence 1: sin

(2/3-3). Generally if a = half the number of degrees in the sector

97

L. CAMPBELL.

Solution of Problem 49.-According to Herschel, the length of the solar year is 365d-5h-48m-49.7 sec., or 365,25224d. The ordinary civil year is 465d, to which we add 97d. in 400 years; which is equal to 97 of a day in one year, (49% =,2425). Therefore the average length of a civil year is 365,2425d. 365,2425d-365,24224d=,00026d = yearly difference. ,00026d × 2000=,52d., 12h.,48sec., = difference in 2000 years. The 4000th year should not be a leap year. C. E. SPINNEY.

400

Oconomowoc,

400

Solution of Problem 50.-1.

(x+ √ 22 —9) + =x2. Multiply numerX √x2-9

2

ator and denominator of 1st member by numerator and we have:

Solution of Problem 51.-From the conditions, the yearly increase of the population will be of the whole of the whole, which of the whole, or the annual increase will be 1 person to every 180, hence 181 will represent the ratio of the annual increase. Assume P to the present population and Y to the number of years necessary to double the same:

Taking logarithms, y log. (18)=log. 2. Or by division

Problem 54.-Three brothers whose residences are at the vertices of a triangular area, the sides of which are severally 10, 11, and 12 chains, wish to dig a well which shall be at the same distance from the residences of each. Determine the point for the well and its distance from their residences.

SUPERINTENDENT'S DEPARTMENT.

ELECTION OF DISTRICT CLERKS.

Those districts which were organized previous to 1858, will elect their Clerks at the annual meeting on the fourth Monday of this month. Important duties devolve upon the Clerks, and great care should be exercised in selecting men who are interested in school matters and who will carry out the views of the electors.

Difficulties have arisen in many districts in consequence of a difference of opinion among the members of the District Board in reference to the teachers to be employed and the policy to be adopted in the organization and government of the school. These difficulties might have been avoided in most cases, by the exercise of a little judgment and care on the part of the electors in selecting those who are to act as agents of the District.

Though the signature of the Director or Treasurer is necessary to legalize a contract with a teacher, the duty of selecting and hiring one devolves upon the Clerk, and he should not only be qualified by education and experience (aided by the certificate of the County Superintendent)