12. Latum, carried.

Ablative,

Collate,

Dilate,
Elated,

Illative,

Relative,
Correlative,
Superlative,

Translation,

13. Emigration,

Immigration,

ab, from: carried from, a case in Latin taken from the nominative.

col, together: to bring together, to collect. dis, apart: to spread out.

e, out of carried out of oneself, excited.

il, in carrying inwards, denoting that which may be inferred.

re, back: carrying backwards.

cor, with; re, again: mutually related. super, above: that which is above or better than others.

trans, across a carrying from one to another, a transfer.

e, out of; migro, I wander: the act of going out of a country.

im, in, and migro: going into a country.

Transmigration, trans, across: the act of passing from one

Proconsul,

Provoke,

Profusion,

Permission,

Perjury,

Impertinent,
Persuasion,

state to another.

pro, for, and consul: one who acted for the chief Roman officer of state styled consul.

pro, forth, and voco, I call: to stir up, to irritate.

pro, forth, and fundo, I pour: plenty, abundance.

per, through, and mitto, I send: allowance, liberty, freedom.

per, and juro, I swear: the act of breaking through an oath, speaking falsely after

an oath.

see No. 9.

per, and suadeo, I advise: the act of having the mind thoroughly convinced.

14. A hybrid word is an English word with a foreign prefix or ending, or a foreign word with an English prefix or ending. Examples:-L. age is joined to Eng. words, as tillage, cartage, stowage, cottage.

L. able (abilis), as eatable, laughable.
L. dis (prefix), as dislodge, disown, dislike.
Fr. en and em, as enlighten, embolden.
Eng. un unites with L., as unable, unfit.
L. re unites with Eng., as return, renew.

15. Jacio, I throw.

Abject,

Adjective,
Conjecture,

Dejection,

Ejection,

Injection,

Objective,

Projectile,
Neglect,

Select,

Precede,
Succeed,
Subterfuge,

Transport,

16. Train, Treaty, Abstract,

Attraction,

Contract,
Detract,

ab, from thrown from or down, wretched, miserable.

ad, to: joined to.

con, with throwing together.

de, down

state of being cast down, lowness of spirits.

e, out: casting out.

in, in forcing in, that which is forced in.
ob, in the way of: relating to an object
or something thrown in the way of one.
pro, forth anything thrown forwards.
nec, not; lego, I gather: not to gather,
not to look after, not to care for.
se, apart, and lego: to place apart, to
choose.

pre, before; cedo, I go to go before.
sub, under, and cedo: to follow after.
subter, underneath, and fugio, I fly a
secret flight, an evasion, an act so as to
avoid blame.

:

trans, across; porto, 1 carry to carry

across.

to draw along, that which is drawn along.

that which is written or drawn out as an

agreement between states.

abs, from: to draw from, to take away, to

steal.

ad, to that which draws or pleases or excites attention.

con, with to agree with.

de, down to draw down, to lower in the estimation of another.

Distract,

Extract,

Protract,
Retract,
Subtract,

dis, apart to lead away, to draw attention from.

ex, out to draw out.

pro, forth to stretch out, to prolong.
re, back to draw back.

sub, under: to take from.

17. Simple original prepositions :-at, by, for, from, in, of, till, to, through, up, with.

Derived prepositions are formed-(a) by using prefixes, (¿) by connecting two simple prepositions:-amid, about, above, along, among, around, against, beside, below, betwixt, between, before, beneath, within, without, upon, into, unto, throughout.

18. Aspiration,

Amputation,

Description,

Dissent,

Effusion,

Irruption,
Occurrence,

Portent,

19. Prevent,

Conspire,

Relation,

Sustain,

a, from; spiro, I breathe: a breathing

out.

amb, about; puto, I cut the act of cutting off round about.

de, down; scribo, I write: a written statement.

dis, apart; sentio, I think: to think differently from another.

ef, out of; fundo, I pour: act of pouring

out.

ir, in; rumpo, I break: a breaking in.
oc, in the way of; curro, I run that which
takes place, happens, or comes in the
way of observation.

pro, forth; tendo, I hang : that which shows
itself, overhangs, or foreshows.

pre, before; venio, I come: to come be-
fore so as to cause not to happen.
con, together; spiro, I breathe: to breathe
together, to keep company, to agree for
some purpose.

re, back; latum, carried: that which is
told, act of telling, calling back to
mind.

sub, under; teneo, I hold: holding up, supporting.

20. Abstract,
Conspire,
Contradiction,
Introduction,

Objective,

Sustain,
Transpose,

21. Subordinate,

Subdue,

Submit,
Subdivide,

Sublunary,

Subscribe,

22. Gossip,

Insolent,

Officious,

Prevent,

abs, from; traho, I draw.
con, with; spiro, I breathe.
contra, against; dico, I say.
intro, within; duco, I lead.
ob, in the way of; jacio, I throw.
sub, under; teneo, I hold.
trans, across; pono, I place.

lower in order, rank, nature, or power, to
put lower sub, under; ordo, I order.
to keep under, to conquer: sub, and jugum,
a yoke.

to place or send under: sub, and mitto, I'
send.

to divide again that which is itself a division: sub and divide (fron dis and video).

lit. under the moon, earthly: from sub, and luna, the moon.

to write underneath: from sub, and scribo; I write.

from God, and sib, akin: name formerly given to those who were sponsors for the same child, and who the Romish Church said became themselves 'akin in God;' then a familiar acquaintance; then one who runs about telling or hearing news.

from in, not, and soleo, I am accustomed :
therefore contrary to custom; then used
of a particular kind of conduct to which
we are unaccustomed; haughty, con-
temptuous, rude.

from opis, aid or work; facio, I do: origin-
ally, doing good offices, then obliging,
then overkind, then meddlesome.
pre, before, and venio, I come: to come
or go before, to put in the way, to
hinder.

B

HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE.

1. The principal parts of the English language are Saxon, Latin, Norman-French, and, in a lesser degree, Celtic, Greek, and Scandinavian. Words have been adopted, as our acquaintance with different countries has increased, from nearly every known language.

Saxon is the basis of the language, and although little more than one-third of the words in a dictionary are of this class, yet of written and spoken English from 70 to 90 per cent. of the words are Saxon. It was introduced into England in the middle of the fifth century (A.D. 450).

Latin. A few Latin words were left by the Romans (A.D. 43 to 426), a larger number from the introduction of Christianity in 596, and still more were introduced from 1547 to 1640.

Norman-French. Introduced into England at the Norman invasion, 1066, the words being originally Latin. Many of them are law, state, or church terms.

Celtic and Scandinavian. A few words left by the ancient Britons, Danes, and other Norsemen who at times have inhabited England.

2. Anglo-Saxon, or the oldest English, differed in form from Modern English in several ways:

O. E. nouns had several declensions; M. E. has only one. O. E. had six cases of nouns, each marked with an inflection; M. E. has only one.

The definite article had eighteen different forms in O. E., now only one. Pronouns, adjectives, and verbs also had very many inflections, nearly all of which are now obsolete.

3. Which is a compound word formed of who and like. In AS. it was hwi-lc. In Scotch we still have whilk; in English whi-ch, the ch taking the place of k, and the being softened down and lost.

Who is AS., formerly written hwâ; in the thirteenth century wha or hwo.

Its is a possessive irregularly formed; the t was not originally a part of the word, but an inflection, the sign of the neuter