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moderated Calvinism; and seems to think that no such thing can exist. Waving any remarks on this point at present, we would only suggest to Mr. Daubeny's readers, whether he has not in this very work furnished instances of such moderated Calvinism: in our representatives at Dort, who held the doctrine of universal redemption, and yet subscribed all the canons of that synod: and in his own description of Archbishop Whitgift as a man, "in some degree at least, tainted with Calvinism." (p. 83.)*

We sincerely wish that Mr. Daubeny could, more satisfactorily than he has done (p. 165), disprove what is alleged respecting the opposition too often made, not only by the ignorant and profligate, but even by masters in Israel, who should know better things, to "the doctrine of salvation by grace, through faith in the Redeemer," when unequivocally, scripturally, and carnestly enforced from the pulpit and press. As a proof that it is no easy task for any clergyman to escape reproach who strenuously asserts that doctrine, we have ourselves heard Mr. D. himself pointedly accused, and that by more than one of his clerical hearers, of preaching in a highJy methodistical style on the subjects of salvation by faith and the influence of the holy spirit. And another case lately occurred, within our knowledge, of a clergyman giving very great offence to a polished congregation, and being stigmatized as a Calvinistic Methodist, for preaching, verbatim, Mr. Daubeny's concluding and admirable lecture on the Church Catechism.

Our limits will not allow us to pursue this part of the subject any fatther: but on comparing together what these two authors have written, we have no hesitation in saying, that,

*To whom might be added Bishop Overall, who expressly maintained, at the Hampton Court conference, the final perseverance of saints, though a well known disclaimer of the more rigid doctrines. And Melangthon, in one of his letters to Calvin, after having stated, with his usual caution and moderation, his opinion on the best mode of treating the predestinarian doctrines, adds- Hæc non scribo ut tibi tradam quasi dictata homini et eruditissimo ac peritissimo exercitiorum pietatis. Et quidem scio hæc cum tuis congruere sed sunt zay T et ad usum accommodata." Epist. Calv. p. 250.

with a few exceptions, Mr. Daubeny appears to us to speak of Mr. O. and his statements of the main question at issue, with a degree of severity, which neither his own manner of answering them, nor the real state of facts will warrant. Some things are advanced hastily, others incorrectly, and some very partially. A reader who formed his estimate of Mr. Overton's performance only by reading Mr. Daubeny's reply, would do so very imperfectly. At the same time Mr. Daubeny has been successful in some parts of his personal defence; as well as in shewing that many of our reformers, and early divines, entertained more moderate sentiments, on several controverted points, than some Calvinists have contended for. But in his attempt to prove that the Calvinistic doctrines were designedly excluded from the authorized standards of the English church, we are convinced it will appear, when all his arguments are fundamentally examined, that he has entirely failed.

(To be continued.)

CLXVIII. Honest Apprehensions; or, the unbiassed, and sincere Confession of Faith of a Plain, Honest, Layman. Svo. pp. 78. London, J. White. 1803.

THE peculiar merit of this piece consists, not in the evangelical character of the doctrines therein contained; but in the lucid manner in which they are expressed, in the impress which it bears of honest conviction, in the patient enquiry which it evinces, and in the circumstance, added to all the former, that it is written by a Layman.

In the present crisis, it is incumbent upon every Christian Layman to come forward and rescue christianity from the reproach which its enemies endeavour to cast upon it, that it is only supported by those who are interested in its support. The laity tian cause in a way, which, owing to are able to give assistance to the christhe prejudices of the generality, is not in the power of its natural defenders. But while we thus call upon them for their future and increased services, we would gratefully acknowledge the many and important ones which they have already conferred.

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words of the inspired writer-Now is the accepted time; now is the day of salvation." pp. 75, 76.

In a postscript the author affirms, that his multiplied citations from scripture were his own collection; that they are the very grounds of his convictions, and were not sought to confirm apprehensions previously adopted; and that he has detailed them in his present work, for the purpose of shewing that his faith was not rushly formed.

There are some expressions in this pamphlet, respecting the atonement of Christ, which might have been better chosen, and would have afforded less room for abuse or exception. What the author says, likewise, concerning different sects, although in itself justifiable, has a natural, although we believe undesigned, tendency, to diminish, in the mind of the reader, the evil of schism.

LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL INTELLIGENCE, &c. &c.

GREAT BRITAIN. In the press, a new edition, in 1 vol. 8vo. of CLAUDE's Essey on the Composition of a Serm n, as translated by the late Rev. R. Robinson, with a revision of Mr. Robinson's Notes, by a Divine of the Church of England.-A History of the Life and Pontificate of Leo X., by WILLIAM ROSCOE, Esq. in 4 vols. 4to.-The Life of General Washington, vol. II. commencing with his Birth, and concluding with the Campaign of 1776.-A new edition, in 6 vols. Bro., printed uniformly with Todd's edition of the Poetical Works, of the Prose Works of MILTON, with a biographical and critical Preface, by Dr. SYMMONS.

The original MS. of Sir EDWARD COKE'S Commentaries upon the Tenures of LittleTON has been lately discovered in the British Museum. It is a small octavo volume, very closely written. At the beginning are some very curious particulars of Sir Edward Coke's Life, in his own handwriting; by which many inaccuracies of his biographers may be corrected. It appears to have been formerly ornamented with a very rich embroidery, wrought by Sir Edward's daughter; but of this few traces at present remain. An edition of Littleton, printed by Tottili in 1572, is in serted about the middle of the volume; which is curious, from its noticing, by a particular mark, the various interpolations

and additions which had been made, at different times, in the original work. Sir Edward has, in the title paze, quaintly alluded to his Commentary, in these two lines:

Ubi Mel, ibi Muscæ;

Ubi Uber, ibi Puber.

Some account of this curious MS. will shortly be given, we understand, to the public.

The Managers and Visitors of the ROYAL INSTITUTION have addressed a proposal to the Proprietors and Subscribers, for raising a fund of £.4000.; in order to contribute further towards forming, and connecting with the Institution, an extensive and useful Collection of Minerals; so as to establish, on a large scale, an Assay Office, for the improvement of Mineralogy and Metallurgy. The mining concerns of the kingdom, they observe, are conducted by individnals, with such advantages of capital, and with such a degree of speculative enterprize, as to exhibit those effects of combined chemical and mechanical powers applied to them, which no other country in the world has hitherto been capable of producing; whilst, at the same time, no other state is so deficient in the proportionate means of rendering the knowledge of Minerals accessible to persons desirous of instruction. To the British Islands, peculiarly distinguished from re

mote antiquity for mineral productions, and to the lesser territories which form their immediate appendages, the Managers and Visitors are persuaded that the benefit of the proposed Colection and Office of Assay will be highly important. But in the immense territory, which now forms our East India possessions, are to be found, they remark, the most valuable mineral treasures that are known in this globe; and from the wisdom and liberality of the East India Company, great and effectual assistance may be hoped for in aid of the execution of a plan, by the adoption of which the intrinsic value of those treasures may be ascertained and brought into use.

The University of Cambridge has circulated the following Paper for the information of its members:

"MR. BUCHANAN'S PRIZES. "The undersigned Judges appointed by the Senate give notice,

I. "That a Prize of One Hundred Pounds will be given for the best English Prose Dissertation- On the best means of civilizing the Subjects of the British Empire in India; and of diff using the Light of the Christian Religion throughout the Eastern World!

II. "That a Prize of Sirty Pounds will be given for the best English Poem- On the Restoration of Learning in the East.

"For both these Prizes, Masters of Arts, and Persons of superior Degrees, may be Candidates.

"Each Composition is to be delivered at Cambridge, to one of the undersigned Judges, on or before the First Day of December, with some Latin Verse upon it. At the same time a Paper, sealed up, is to be delivered with the same Latin Verse on the outside; which Paper shall inclose another, folded up, with the Candidate's Naine written within. The Papers containing the Names of the unsuccessful Candidates will be destroyed, unopened.

"The Prize Compositions are to be printed in Quarto, under the direction of the Judges; and a Copy of each is to be presented to the University of Oxford, to the Colleges of Eton, Westminster, and to the Charter-House School.

"J. B. SEALE, Dep. Reg. Prof. Div. "J. JOWETT, Reg. Prof. Civ. Late. "EDM. OUTRAM, Public Orator." Cambridge, June 12.

"The undersigned Judges appointed by the Senate give also notice, That Two Prizes, of Twenty-five Pounds each, will be given, one for the best Latin Ode or Poem on the following subject:- Collegium Bengalense:' and the other for the best Greek Sacred Ode or Poem on the following subject:-' reviσow ows.'

"For both these Prizes Bachelors of Arts and Undergraduates may be Candidates.

"Each Composition is to be delivered

at Cambridge, to one of the undersigned Judges, on or before the Tenth Day of October; and the Candidates are to conform to the same Regulations as have been agreed on by the Judges of the English Compositions.

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"R. RAMSDEN, Fel. of Tr. Col. "C. CHEVALLIER, F. Pemb. Hall. "G. BUTLER, Fel. of Sidney Col.” Cambridge, June 13, 1804.

We gave some account of the abovementioned Prizes in our last Number. It should be added, that Mr. BUCHANAN has extended the Prizes for the Latin and Greek Verses, to the Colleges of Eton, Westminster, and Winchester, and to the Charter-House School; and has offered, for this purpose, Fifty Pounds to each of those Seminaries, making his whole donation £.1,670.

The following plan for more easy admission to the BRITISH MUSEUM was adopted at a Meeting of the Trustees, on the 8th of June; and was acted upon, for the first time, on Monday the 2nd of July.

Persons who wish to see the British Museum, will apply at the Assembly Room on any Monday, Wednesday, or Friday, between the hours of ten and two, where each individual will be required to inscribe his or her name, and place of abode, in a book to be kept for the purpose. Five companies, of not more than fifteen persons each, may be admitted in the course of the day; namely, one at each of the hours of ten, eleven, twelve, one, and two. At each of these hours the directing officer in waiting shall examine the entries in the book, and if none of the persons inscribed be exceptionable, he shall consign them to the attendant, whose turn it will be to conduct the companies through the house. Should more than fifteen persons inscribe their names for a given hour, the supernumeraries will be desired to wait, or return at the next hour, when they will be admitted preferably to other applicants. And should, in the course of the day, a greater number of persons apply than can be admitted according to this regulation, the last comers shall be allowed to inscribe their names, and they shall be admitted on the next open day preferably to other applicants. The principal librarian, or, in his absence, the secretary, shall be allowed to grant tickets of admission to any particular companies of whatever number, not exceeding fifteen, appointing a certain day and hour, when they will be admitted without the addition of any of those who apply in the ordinary way. But not more than one of these companies shall be appointed for each day, and this shall not be considered as one of the five companies admitted in the manner above stated.— N. B. No money is to be given to the attendants or servants.

Proposals have been circulated by Mr.

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J. K. BALDREY, of Cambridge, for pubfishing, by subscription, A coloured Print, now nearly engraved, from an accurate drawing taken from the East Window of King's College Chapel, in that University. The size of the plate is three feet eight inches long, by two feet wide. The drawing is taken on a scale of three quarters of an inch to a foot; the window itself being fifty-three high, by twenty-eight feet wide. Price to subscribers five guineas, to nonSubscribers seven guineas. The window is divided, by a transon and buttresses, into six compartments, each of which exhibit a different subject; the whole window containing about one hundred and twenty figures, and about one thousand square feet in surface. The subjects are, Christ exposed to the People, Pilate washing his Hands, Christ bearing his Cross, Christ nailed to the Cross, the Crucifixion, and the taking down from the Cross It is the opinion of many, that the designs proceeded from JULIO ROMAGNO.

When persons are bitten by venomous animals, they may be relieved, it is said, by immediately administering, repeating it every three or four hours, a teaspoonful of aqua kali puri, (formerly called lixivium saponarium.) Dr. Moodie, of Bath, has used this course with success. If any of the strong mineral acids should fall on any part of the body, the immediate application of this substance will prevent further mischief. Or if any of the mineral acids, or any corroding salt, which an alkali will decompose, should be accidentally swallowed, proper doses of a solution of the alkaline salts, taken immediately, afford the most likely means of relief.

Mr. ARTHUR YOUNG, in his Annals of Agriculture, No. 245, has given a List of the Cottages, built or repaired, from being miserable huts with dirt floors, on the estate of his Grace the DUKE OF GRAFTON, in the County of Northampton, from June 24th, 1801, to August 1803. They are about fifty in number, and have all of them gardens attached, equal to the growth of vegetables for family use, both summer and winter; and a small hovel for laying in fuel. Mr. Young justly remarks, that "there are not many better channels through which an enlightened benevolence can flow, than that of rendering the habitations of the poor comfortable. The traveller, who examines the cottages he sees in many of our counties, will very often have his feelings wounded by the miserable state in which these wretched hovels are too often found. The land proprietors, whose means are small, may be pitied; but when the mansions of the great are surrounded by such spectacles of poverty and filth, the view cxcites other feelings. It is with much pleasure that I have inserted the preceding list; a inore valuable indication of municer ce, CHRIST. OBSERV, No. 31.

than all the temples, lodges, and banqueting-houses of a county."

Messrs. HARMAN and DEAN, of Rotherhithe, have invented an Apparatus for filtering Water, which will obviate the inconveniences of the Filtering Stone. It consists of a stone-ware vessel, perforated with holes, on the bottom of which coarse gravel is laid, and upon that a stratum of fine gravel, and lastly, one of fine sand. Upon the top of the sand is laid a perforated and loaded plate of earthen ware, which prevents the sand from being disturbed when the water is poured in. The fineness and depth of the silicious sand will regulate the perfection and expedition of the process. The sand may be occasionally renewed with advantage.

The following is a receipt for making a cheap and lasting paint for gates, rails, and palisades. Skimmed milk, two quarts; fresh slaked lime, eight ounces; boiled linseed oil, six ounces, white Burgundy pitch, two ounces; Spanish white, three pounds. Slake the lime by dipping it in water, and then expose it to the air till it falls into powder. Mix it with the fourth part of the milk, adding the oil, a little at a time: stir it well with a wooden spatula,' adding the remainder of the milk. Lastly, add the Spanish white. The pitch must be previously dissolved in the oil by a gentle heat. When used, two coats are to be laid on with a painter's brush. expence is about a half-penny a square yard.

The

A line of TELEGRAPHS, it is said, will be established, at the expence of individuals, from Liverpool to Holyhead, for the purpose of announcing the arrival of ships bound to Liverpool, and of procuring pi

lots.

Another line has been suggested from Liverpool to Hull, through Manchester and Leeds; and another from Liverpool to London, through Chester and Birmingham. These several lines would not cost, it is said, more than £.15,000.; and it is supposed that the number of messages sent through thein, to be paid for at the rate of a guinea for eight words per hundred miles, would yield to the undertakers a profit of two or three hundred per cent. Should the advantages of this scheme be demonstrated by private adventure, we may expect to bave it taken up and applied by government, for domestic and commercial purposes, to the whole united kingdom.

It appears, from papers laid before the House of Commons, that the total money raised by the Poor's Rate, and other Rate or Rates, within the year, ending Easter, 1803, was £.4,952,421. 14s. 114d. Of which sum was expended in Suits at Law, Removal of Paupers. Expences of Overseets, &c. £.187,904. 10s. 3d. Total Rates raised in Wales, in 1863, £ 176,424. 19. Sid. Of which was expended in SL

Law and Removal of Paupers £.5,919. 2s. 101d. The total expenditure in England and Wales, as made up from 13,889 returns received, is £.5,128,846. 13s. 74d.

The average sum levied for the Poor's Rate in England, is 4s. 6d. in the pound. In Wales, 7s. 3d.

The Twenty-second Report of THE SOCIETY FOR BETTERING THE CONDITION OF THE POOR, has been recently published. We shall briefly notice its contents.

1. Extract from an Account of the Ladies Committee for promoting the Education and Employment of the Female Poor. By THOMAS BERNARD, Esq. This committee is formed from the Ladies, who subscribe to the general purposes of the society. The proposed objects of its attention are-1. The forming of similar committees in provincial towns and in the metropolis.-2. The promoting of the moral and religious education of the female poor, by endeavouring to increase the utility of female schools already established; by encouraging and assisting the establishment of them, where they are not already provided; by recommending proper books, and pointing out the best mode of teaching the children, and of managing the schools. 3. The supply of healthful domestic employment for the female poor. In order to the attainment of this important object, influence and example are to be employed to promote the use of those articles which may be manufactured by the female poor at home; and to prevent men from being employed in occupations which might be more properly conducted by females, viz. milliners, haberdashers, staymakers, ladies' shoemakers, teachers of writing, reading, music, drawing, dancing, and languages in female boardingschools, &c. It is also proposed to form a seminary for the purpose of educating the unprovided daughters of clergymen, officers, &c. for governesses, &c. A still more useful object, we apprehend, would be the formation of an institution for the education of inistresses for charity-schools; and we hope that it will not be overlooked by this excellent society.

2. Extract from an Account of a Lyingin Charity at Woolrich. By JOHN ROLLO, M. D. This charity was formed in 1794, for the relief of indigent wives of soldiers of the royal artillery; the object being to supply them with a midwife, and with a pound of meat, a pound of bread, and a pint of porter per day for the first fortnight. In 1803 relief was given to 96 women at the expence of £.58. 14s. 7d. The whole number relieved since 1794 is five hundred and forty-six.

3. Extract from an Account of the Provision made for the Poor of Wymestcould. By the Rev. R. A. INGRAM, B. D. A plan has been adopted by which most of the

poor of the parish are enabled to keep COWS. The consequence has been an increase of their comforts, and a diminution of the parish rates.

This

4. Extract from an Account of a charitable Bank at Tottenham, for the savings of the Poor. By Mrs. WAKEFIELD. bank is guaranteed by six trustees, gentlemen of fortune, most of them possessing considerable landed property. It is open for receipts or payments only on the first Monday of every month. Any sum is received above one shilling; and five per cent is given for all that lies twelve months: but every person may recal his money any day the bank is open. The poor are thus enabled to make a little board for sickness or old age without danger or inconveni

ence.

5. Extract from the Parochial Returns lately made with regard to the State of Education in Ireland. By THOMAS BERNARD, Esq. By returns from 202 parishes it appears, that above two-thirds of the poor children in Ireland are entirely without instruction or the means of education: and that in some places these are entirely wanting. The impediments to the instruction of the poor are, the want of schoolhouses and proper schoolmasters, the poverty of the parents, and the want of proper books. WHOLE PARISHES ARE STATED то BE WITHOUT A BIBLE OR ANY

OTHER RELIGIOUS BOOK; (a fact which we hope will catch the eye of some of the managers of the British and Foreign Bible Society.) It appears, that the Irish poor were never so anxious as at the present time that their children should have the benefit of instruction. So strong is their wish on this point, that the children of Papists attend Protestant schools, and the children of Protestants catholic schools, "whenever education, not conversion, is the object." In the latter case, the children are instructed in the scriptures and the catechism of the Church of England. The New Testament is now read in many Catholic schools: and an opinion is expresscd, even in the most ignorant and bigotted parts of Ireland, that "if proper Piotestant masters were appointed, and no works of controversy taught, the children of Catholics would attend them." This statement is followed by some suggestions for improving the condition of the Irish, which we earnestly hope may meet with attention from government.

6. Extract from an Account of a School in the Borough Road. By JOHN WALKER, Esq. Of this school we have already given some account (p. 162). The teacher, Mr. Lancaster, has, at present, under his tuition, upwards of seven hundred boys, and he intends to extend his establishment to 1000. Two of his sisters have set on foot a school for girls on a similar plan.. 7. Extract from an Account of the

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