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Barabbas. Therefore when they were gathered together, Pilate 17 said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas, or Jesus which is called Christ? For he knew that for envy they had 18 delivered him. When he was set down on the judgment-seat, his 19 wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou nothing to do with that

And Saul was

and David his ten thousands. very wroth, and the saying displeased him, and he said, They have ascribed unto David ten thousands, and to me they have ascribed but thousands; and what can he have more but the kingdom? And Saul eyed David But from that day and forward. And it came to pass on the morrow that the evil spirit from God came upon Saul, and he prophesied in the midst of the house, and David played with his hand, as at other times; and there was a javelin in Saul's hand. And Saul cast the javelin; for he said, I will smite David even to the wall with it. And David avoided out of

xv. 7. And they (the Jews) cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas: (who for a certain sedition made in the city, and for murder, was cast into prison.) And he (Pilate) released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired. be delivered Jesus to their will. Lu. xxiii. 18, 19. 25. Then cried they all, again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber. John xviii. 40. Ye denied the Holy One and the Just (said Peter to the Jews), and desired a murderer to be granted unto you. Ac. iii. 14. God gave them over to a reprobate mind, being filled with all unrighteousness. Who, knowing the judgments of God, that they which commit "such things" (“all unrighteousness") are worthy of death, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them. Ro. i. 28, 29. 32. 17 Whom will ye that I release, &c.] verse 21. If it seem evil unto you to serve the Lord (said Joshua to the tribes at Shechem), choose you this day whom ye will serve ; whether the gods which your fathers served, that were on the other side of the flood, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell; but as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord. Jos. xxiv. 15. And Elijah came unto all the people, and said, How long halt ye between two opinions? if the Lord be God, follow him; but if Baal, then follow him: and the people answered him not a word. 1 Ki. xviii. 21.

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Or Jesus which is called Christ.] xxii. Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the king of the Jews? (for he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.) But the chief priests moved the people that he should rather release Barabbas unto them. And Pilate answered and said again unto them, What will ye then that I shall do unto him whom ye call the king of the Jews? And they cried out again, Crucify him. Mar. xv. 9-13. They cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your king? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Cesar. John xix. 15.

18 He knew, &c.] His (Joseph's) brethren envied him; but his father observed the saying (Joseph's dream of the sun, moon, and eleven stars). Ge. xxxvii. 11. When David was returned from the slaughter of the Philistine (Goliath), the women answered one another as they played (on the musical instruments), and said, Saul hath slain his thousands,

his presence twice. 1 Sa. xviii. 7—11. They (the Israelites) envied Moses also in the camp, and Aaron the saint of the Lord. Ps. cvi. 16. Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but who is able to stand before envy? Pr. xxvii. 4. Again, I considered all travail and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. Ec. iv. 4. Lord, when thy hand is lifted up, they will not see; but they shall see, and be ashamed for their envy at the people; yea, the fire of thine enemies shall devour them. Is. xxvi. 11. He (Pilate) knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy. Mar. xv. 10. Then (when many were healed by the apostles) the high priest rose up, and all they that were with him (which is the sect of the Sadducees), and were filled with indignation. Ac. v. 17. The patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt; but God was with him. Ac. vii. 9. When the Jews saw the multitudes (who came to hear the word of God), they were filled with envy, and spake against those things which were spoken by Paul, contradicting and blaspheming. Ac. xiii. 45. Do ye think that the Scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy? Ja. iv. 5.

19 His wife sent unto him, saying, &c.] God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman (Sarah) which thou hast taken; for she is a man's wife. But Abimelech had not come near her: and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation? said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother? in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this. And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me. Ge. xx. 3-6. And God came to Laban the Syrian in a dream by night, and said unto

24 more, saying, Let him be crucified. When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, I am 25 innocent of the blood of this just person: see ye to it. Then answered all the people, and said, His blood be on us, and on our

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pany, and set all the city on an uproar, and asaaulted the house of Jason, and sought to bring them out to the people. And when they found them not, they drew Jason, and certain brethren, unto the rulers of the city, crying, These that have turned the city upside down are come hither also, whom Jason hath received and these all do contrary to the decrees of Cesar, saying, That there is another king, one Jesus. Ac. xvii. 5, 6, 7. Men of Israel (cried the Jews of Asia), help! This is the man that teacheth all men every where against the people, and the law, and this place and further brought Greeks also into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place. (For they had seen before with him in the city Trophimus an Ephesian, whom they supposed that Paul had brought into the temple.) And all the city was moved, and the people ran together, and they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple: and forthwith the doors were shut. And as they went about to kill him, tidings came unto the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem was in an uproar. Ac. xxi. 28-31. And they gave him (Paul) audience unto this word, and then lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth; for it is not fit that he should live. And as they cried out, and cast off their clothes, and threw dust into the air, the chief captain commanded him to be brought into the castle, that he should be examined by scourging. Ac. xxii. 22, 23. And when there arose a great dissension, the chief captain, fearing lest Paul should have been pulled in pieces of them, commanded the soldiers to go down, and to take him by force from among them, and to bring him into the castle. And when it was day, certain of the Jews banded together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying, That they would neither eat nor drink till they had killed Paul. And they were more than forty which had made this conspiracy. And they came to the chief priests and elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, that we will eat nothing until we have slain Paul. Now therefore ye with the council signify to the chief captain that he bring him down unto you to-morrow, as though ye would inquire something more perfectly concerning him; and we, or ever he come near, are ready to kill him. Ac. xxiii. 10. 12-15. 24 And washed his hands, &c.] And all the elders of that city, that are next unto the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer that is beheaded in the valley and

they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it. De. xxi. 6, 7. If I wash myself with snow water, and make my hands never so clean, yet shalt thou plunge me in the ditch, and mine own clothes shall abhor me. Job ix. 30, 31. I will wash mine hands in innocency; so will I compass thine altar. Pr. xxvi. 6. For though thou wash thee with nitre, and take thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me, saith the Lord God. Jer. ii. 22. As the thief is ashamed when he is found, so is the house of Israel ashamed; they, their kings, their princes, and their priests, and their prophets, saying to a stock, Thou art my father; and to a stone, Thou hast brought me forth for they have turned their back unto me, and not their face: but in the time of their trouble they will say, Arise, and save us. Yet thou sayest, Because I am innocent, surely his anger shall turn from Behold, I will plead with thee, because thou sayest, I have not sinned. Je. ii. 27. 35. Just person.] See verse iv. 9. 54. Behold I will bring him forth to you, that ye may know that I find no fault in him. John xix. 4. Ye denied the Holy One and Just, and desired a murderer to be granted unto you Ac. iii. 14. He hath made him to be sin fer us who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. 2 Co. v. 21. Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God; being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit. 1 Pe. iii. 18.

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25 His blood be on us.] Whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder. Mat. xxi. 44. Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous, and say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets: wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets. Fill ye up, then, the measure of your fathers. Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell? Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and Scribes: and some of them ye shad kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city: that upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth; from the blood of righteous Abel,

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unto the blood of Zacharias, son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar. Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation. O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not! xxiii. 30-37. Ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are, for blood it defileth the land; and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed therein but by the blood of him that shed it. Nu. xxxv. 33. Then shalt thou add three cities more for thee, besides these three; that innocent blood be not shed in thy land, which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee. But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, thine eye shall not pity him, but thou shalt put away the guilt of innocent blood from Israel, that it may go well with thee! De. xix. 10. 13. And it shall be (said the spies to Rahab) that whoso ever shall go out of the doors of thy house into the street (of Jericho), his blood shall be upon his head, and we will be guiltless: and whosoever shall be with thee in the house, his blood shall be upon our head, if any hand be upon him. Jos. ii. 19. And David said unto him (the Amalekite, the son of the stranger whom he ordered to be put to death), Thy blood be upon thy head, for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying, I have slain the Lord's anointed. 2 Sa. i. 16. When David heard it (the death of Abner, by Joab), he said, I and my kingdom are guiltless before the Lord for ever from the blood of Abner the son of Ner. Let it rest on the head of Joab, and on all his father's house; and let there not fail from the house of Joab one that hath an issue, or that is a leper, or that leaneth on a staff, or that falleth on the sword, or that lacketh bread. 2 Sa. iii. 28, 29. And the Lord shall return his (Joab's) blood upon his own head, who fell upon two men, more righteous and better than he, and slew them with the sword, my father, David, not knowing thereof (said Solomon), to wit, Abner, the son of Ner, captain of the host of Israel, and Amasa, the son of Jether, captain of the host of Judah. 1 Ki. ii. 32. Surely at the commandment of the Lord came "this" ("the ruin of Jehoiakim") upon Judah, to remove them out of his sight, for the sins of Manasseh, according to all that he did; and also for the innocent blood that he shed; for he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood, which the Lord would not pardon. 2 Ki. xxiv. 3, 4. Let there be none to extend mercy unto "him" ("the enemy of the Lord"); neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children. Let his posterity be cut off, and in the generation following let their name be blotted out. Let them be before the Lord continually, that he may cut off the memory of

them from the earth: because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart. As he loved cursing, so let it come unto him; as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him: as he clothed himself with cursing, like as with his garment, so let it come into his bowels like water, and like oil into his bones. Let it be unto him as the garment which covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually. Ps. cix. 12-19. Now, thou Son of man, wilt thou judge the bloody city? (Jerusalem.) Yea, thou shalt shew her all her abominations. Then say thou, Thus saith the Lord God, The city sheddeth blood in the midst of it, that her time may come, and maketh idols against herself, to defile herself. Thou art become guilty in thy blood that thou hast shed, and hast defiled thyself in thine idols which thou hast made; and thou hast caused thy days to draw near, and art come even unto thy years: therefore have I made thee a reproach unto the heathen, and a mocking to all countries. Ez. xxii. 2, 3, 4. For "her ("Jerusalem's") blood is in the midst of her; she set it upon the top of a rock; she poured it not upon the ground, to cover it with dust. That it might cause fury to come up to take vengeance; I have set her blood upon the top of a rock, that it should not be covered. Therefore, thus saith the Lord God, Woe to the bloody city! I will even make the pile for fire great. Ez. xxiv. 7, 8, 9. Did not we straitly command you that ye should not teach in this name (said the high priest to the apostles)? and behold, ye have filled Jerusalem with your doctrine, and intend to bring this man's blood upon us. Ac. v. 28. Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One, of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers. Ac. vii. 52. Ye, brethren, became followers of the churches of God, which in Judea are in Christ Jesus; for ye also have suffered like things of your own countrymen, even as they have of the Jews: who both killed the Lord Jesus, and their own prophets, and have persecuted us; and they please not God, and are contrary to all men forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles, that they might be saved, to fill up their sin alway: for the wrath is come upon them to the uttermost. 1 Th. ii. 14, 15, 16. He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses; of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the spirit of grace? For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord; and again, The Lord shall judge his people. He. x. 28, 29, 30.

26 children. Then released he Barabbas unto them: and when he 27 had scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified. Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the common hall, and 28 gathered unto him the whole band of soldiers. And they stripped

And on our children.] I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me. Ex. xx. 5. Now, lo, if "he" (" a wicked father") beget a son, that seeth all his father's sins which he hath done, and considereth, and doeth not such like, that hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, hath not defiled his neighbour's wife, neither hath oppressed any, hath not holden the pledge, neither hath spoiled by violence, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment, that hath taken off his hand from the poor, that hath not received usury nor increase, hath executed my judgments, hath walked in my statutes: he shall not die for the iniquity of his father, he shall surely live. As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, lo, even he shall die in his iniquity. Yet say ye, Why? doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live. The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son: the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him. Ex. xviii. 14-20.

26 Released he Barabbas.] And so Pilate, willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified. Mar. xv. 15. And he (Pilate) released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired: but he delivered Jesus to their will. Lu. xxiii. 25.

Scourged Jesus.] And (the chief priests and Scribes) shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him, and the third day he shall rise again. Mat. xx. 19. I gave my back to the smiters, and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair; I hid not my face from shame and spitting. Is. 1. 6. He was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and with his stripes we are healed. Is. liii. 5. And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him, and the third day he shall rise again. Mar. x. 34. For he shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked, and spite fully entreated, and spitted on and they

shall scourge him, and put him to death; and the third day he shall rise again. L. xvi 32, 33. I will therefore chastise him (said Pilate), and release him. And they were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified: and the voices of them and of the chief priests prevailed. And Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they required. And he released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired; but he delivered Jesus to their will. Lu. xxiii. 16. 23, 24, 25. Pilate therefore took Jesus and scourged him: then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified. took Jesus, and led him away. 1. 16. But (Christ) committed himself to him that judgeth righteously: who his ownself bare our sins, in his own body, on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness, by whose stripes ye were healed. 1 Pe. ii. 23, 24.

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John xix.

27 Common hall.] And the soldiers led him away into the hall called Prætorium; and they called together the whole band. Mar. xv. 16. Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early: and they themselves went not into the judg ment-hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover. Then Pilate entered into the judgment-hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the king of the Jews? John xviii. 33. When Pilate therefore heard "that saying" ("w have a law, and by our law he ought to die", he was the more afraid, and went again into the judgment-hall, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer. John xix. 8, 9. I will hear thee, said "he" ("Felix"), when thine accusers are also come. And he commanded him (Paul) to be kept in Herod's judgment-hall. Ac. xxiii. 35.

Band of soldiers.] Judas having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither (to the garden) with lanterns, and torches, and weapons. John xviii. 3. There was a certain man in Cesarea called Cornelius, a centurion of the band called the Italian band. x. 1. And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy; they delivered Panl and certain other prisoners unto one named Julius, a centurion of Augustus' band. fr xxvii. 1.

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him, and put on him a scarlet robe. And when they had platted 29 a crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and they bowed the knee before him, and mocked him, saying, Hail, king of the Jews! And they spit upon him, 30 and took the reed, and smote him on the head. And after that 31 they had mocked him, they took the robe off from him, and put his own raiment on him, and led him away to crucify him. And 32

him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate. Lu. xxiii. 11. And the soldiers platted a crown of thorns and put it on his head, and they put on him a purple robe, and said, Hail, king of the Jews! and they smote him with their hands. Pilate therefore went forth again, and saith unto them, Behold, I bring him forth to you, that ye may know that I find no fault in him. Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown of thorns, and the purple robe. And Pilate saith unto them, Behold the man. John xix. 2-5. 29 Platted a crown of thorns.] And (the chief priests) shall deliver him to the Gentiles, to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him, and the third day he shall rise again. Mat. xx. 19. In mine adversity they rejoiced, and gathered themselves together; yea, the abjects gathered themselves together against me, and I knew it not. They did tear me, and ceased not; with hypocritical mockers in feasts, they gnashed upon me with their teeth. Ps. xxxv. 15, 16. Because for thy sake I have borne reproach, shame hath covered my face. Thou hast known my reproach, and my shame, and my dishonour: mine adversaries are all before thee. Reproach hath broken my heart; and I am full of heaviness. And I looked for some to take pity, but there was none; and for comforters, but I found none. Ps. Ixix. 7. 19, 20. Thus saith the Lord, The Redeemer of Israel, and his Holy One, to him whom man despiseth, to him whom the nation abhorreth, to a servant of rulers, Kings shall see and arise, princes also shall worship, because of the Lord that is faithful, and the Holy One of Israel, and he shall choose thee. Is. xlix. 7. He is despised and rejected of men ; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief, and we hid, as it were, our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not. Is. liii. 3. O Lord, thou hast deceived me, and I was deceived; thou art stronger than I (said Jeremiah), and hast prevailed; I am in derision daily, every one mocketh me. Je. xx. 7. Let us run with patience the race that is set before us, looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. For consider him that endured such contradiction of sinners against himself, lest ye be wearied and faint in your minds. He. xii. 2, 3.

Hail, king of the Jews!] See verse 37. See Mat. xxvi. 49. And the soldiers also mocked him, coming to him and offering him vinegar, and saying, If thou be the king of the Jews, save thyself. Lu. xxiii. 36, 37.

30 They spit upon him.] See chap. xxvi. 67. They were children of fools, yea, children of base men: they were viler than the earth. They abhor me, they flee far from me, and spare not to spit in my face. Job xxx. 8. 10. He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before his shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth. Is. liii. 7. Now gather thyself in troops, O daughter of troops: he hath laid siege against us; they shall smite the judge of Israel with a rod upon the cheek. Mi. v. He shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked, and spitefully entreated, and spitted on. And they shall scourge him, and put him to death; and the third day he shall rise again. Lu. xviii. 32, 33.

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31 And led him away to crucify him.] And (the chief priests, &c.) shall deliver him to the Gentiles, to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him; and the third day he shall rise again. Mat. xx. 19. And they (the husbandmen in the parable) caught "him" ("the son of the householder"), and cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him. Mat. xxi. 39. And the Lord said unto Moses, The man (that gathered sticks upon the sabbath day) shall be surely put to death; all the congregation shall stone him with stones without the camp. Nu. xv. 35. Thou didst blaspheme God and the king (said two men, sons of Belial, bearing witness against Naboth). Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died. Ki. xxi. 10. 13. He was oppressed and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth. He is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth. Is. liii. 7. Then delivered he (Pilate) him unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him away. And he, bearing his cross, went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew, Golgotha. John xix. 16, 17. And (the Jews) cast "him" (" Stephen") out of the city, and stoned him; and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man's feet, whose name was Saul. Ac. vii. 58. Wherefore Jesus also, that he

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