The Compound Tenses of the above Verb are formed by adding its Past Participle neigé to the Third Person Singular of the Simple Tenses of avoir: as-Il a neigé, it has snowed; il n'a pas neigé, it has not snowed; a-t-il neigé? has it snowed? n'a-t-il pas neigé? has it not snowed?

Conjugate after the same manner bruiner, to drizzle; gréler, to hail; geler, to freeze; dégeler, to thaw; tonner, to thunder; éclairer, to lighten; importer, to concern; résulter, to result.

Arriver, to happen; sembler, to seem; or any other Verb of the First Conjugation, when used in an Unipersonal way, are also conjugated after the same manner.

Arriver takes étre in its Compound Tenses.

SECOND CONJUGATION.

§. 1.

Saillir, to project. NEUTER AND DEFECTIVe Verb. Infinitive. Saillir, to project; saillant, projecting; sailli, projected. Avoir sailli, ayant sailli.

The above Verb, not being a Unipersonal one, may also be preceded by the Pronoun elle for subject, when referring to a Substantive feminine, either expressed or understood. It may also be used in the Third Person Plural of its different Tenses: thus we can say-Il or elle saille, ils or elles saillent; il or elle saillait, ils or elles saillaient; il or elle saillera, ils or elles sailleront; il or elle saillerait, ils or elles sailleraient; qu'il or qu'elle saille, qu'ils or qu'elles saillent.

Such is the conjugation of saillir when used in the sense of projecting, with reference to architecture; a balcony for instance, a cornice, or any other ornament of architecture projecting from the main part of the building: as-Ce balcon saille trop, this balcony projects too much; cette corniche ne saille pas assez, this cornice does not project enough, &c. &c.

But if it is used in the sense of gushing or spouting out, in speaking of liquid bodies, it is then likewise only used in its Third Persons, but they are conjugated like the

Third Persons Singular and Plural of the different Tenses of finir: as-Il saillit, ils saillissent; il saillissait, ils saillissaient, &c. &c. Ex. Son sang saillissait avec impétuosité; on fait saillir l'eau à une très-grande hauteur par la compression qu'on en fait dans les pompes.

UNIPERSONAL VERBS OF THE THIRD CONJUGATION.

§. 1.

Y avoir, to be there. UNIPERSONAL VERB.

Infinitive. Y avoir, to be there; y ayant, being there;
eu, [no feminine,] been there.

The Compound Tenses of the above Verb are formed by the addition of its Past Participle eu to the end of its Simple Tenses: as-Il y a eu, there has been; il n'y a pas eu, there has not been; y a-t-il eu? has there been? n'y a-t-il pas eu? has there not been?

§. 2.

Falloir, to be necessary.

UNIPERSONAL VERB.

Infinitive. Falloir, to be necessary; [no Pres. Part.] fallu, [no fem.]

The Compound Tenses of the above Verb are formed with its Past Participle fallu, added to the Third Person Singular of the Simple Tenses of avoir: as-Il a fallu, it has been necessary; il n'a pas fallu, it has not been necessary; a-t-il fallu? has it been necessary ? n'a-t-il pas fallu? has it not been necessary? and so on for the other Tenses.

§. 3.

Pleuvoir, to rain. UNIPERSONAL VERB.

Infinitive. Pleuvoir, to rain; pleuvant, raining; plu, [no fem.]

The Compound Tenses of pleuvoir are formed with its Past Participle plu, added to the Third Person Singular of the Simple Tenses of avoir: as-Il a plu, it has rained; il n'a pas plu, it has not rained; a-t-il plu? has it rained? n'a-t-il pas plu? has it not rained?

§. 4.

Echoir, to be due, to fall to, to expire.

DEFECTIVE VERB.

NEUTER AND

Infinitive. Echoir, to be due; échéant, being due; échu, échue,

n'écherrait-il pas ?

Cond. Pres. Il écherrait, il n'écherrait pas ; écherrait-il?

[No Imperative.]

[No Present of the Subjunctive.]

Imp. Qu'il échût, qu'il n'échût pas.

The Compound Tenses of the above Verb are always formed by the addition of its Past Participle échu to the Third Person Singular or Plural of the different Tenses of être : as-Cet effet est échu, this bill is due; il n'est pas encore échu, it is not yet due; est-il échu? is it due? n'est-il pas échu? is it not due? &c. &c.

The Present of the Infinitive échoir is frequently used with the different Tenses of devoir: as-Cet effet a dû échoir, this bill must have been due.

Echoir can also be used in the Third Person Plural of its different Tenses: thus-Ils échoient or échéent, ils échurent, ils écherront, ils écherraient, qu'ils échussent.

§. 5.

Seoir, to befit, to become. NEUTER AND DEFECTIVE VERB.

Infinitive. Seoir, to become; séyant, becoming; and séant, sitting;

This Verb can also be used in the Third Person Plural of its Tenses: as-Ils siéent, qu'ils siéent. It has no Compound Tenses; but its second Present Participle séant is sometimes used as a Participle and sometimes as an Adjective, in which latter case it agrees in Gender and Number with the preceding Substantive to which it refers, whilst in the former it remains indeclinable: as-La cour royale de Paris séant à Versailles, the royal court of Paris sitting at Versailles; la cour est séante à présent, the court is now sitting.

The Past Participle sis, sise, is no more used but as an Adjective in the sense of situé: as-Une maison sise à a house situated at

FOURTH CONJUGATION.

§. 1.

Eclore, to hatch, to blow, to open.

DEFECTIVE VERB.

NEUTER AND

Infinitive. Eclore, to hatch; [no Present Participle.] éclos,

The above Verb, not being a Unipersonal one, may, likewise, be preceded by the Pronoun elle, for subject, when referring to an antecedent feminine; it may also be used in the Third Person Plural of its Tenses thus we can say-Il or elle éclôt, ils or elles éclosent; il or elle éclóra, ils or elles écloront; il or elle éclórait, ils or elles éclôraient; qu'il or qu'elle éclose, qu'ils or qu'elles éclosent.

Its Compound Tenses are formed by adding its Past Participle éclos to the Third Persons Singular or Plural of the Simple Tenses of étre: as-Il est éclos, it is hatched; ils ne sont pas éclos, they are not hatched, &c. &c.

This Verb is only used in speaking of oviparous animals, such as birds, insects; it is also sometimes used by extension, in speaking of flowers blowing; and sometimes in mentioning moral and spiritual things.

§. 2.

Braire, to bray. NEUTER AND DEFECTIVE Verb,

This Verb is only used in the Present of the Infinitive braire: in the Third Persons Singular and Plural of the Present of the Indicative—Il or elle brait, ils or elles braient: in the Third Persons of the Future-Il or elle braira, ils or elles brairont; and in the Third Persons of the Conditional—Il or elle brairait, ils or elles brairaient. It expresses the cry of the ass.