(b) Physical features and conditions of North America, South
America and Europe studied and compared-position on the
globe, position relative to other grand divisions, size, form,
surface, drainage, animal and vegetable life, resources, causes
determining growth of cities; inhabitants, their occupations
and social condition; important localities, cities and towns.
(c) Observation to accompany the study of Geography-apparent
movements of the sun, moon and stars, and varying time of
their rising and setting; difference in heat of the sun's rays
at different hours of the day; change in the direction of the
sun's rays coming through a school room window at the same
hour during the year; varying length of noon-day shadows;
changes of the weather; wind and seasons.

HISTORY-English History, Creighton, chap. 1 to 9.
Canadian History, Clement, chap. 1 to 15.

PHYSIOLOGY.-Physiology for Young People (New Pathfinder No. 2, chap. 1 to 9).

GRADE VII.

READING.-Fifth Reader, page 228 to end.

COMPOSITION.-Oral and written exercises as in previous Grades. Making of abstracts; expansion of narrative sentences into paragraphs; topical analysis; proportion in the paragraph—

WRITING. Careful attention to penmanship in all written exercises. ARITHMETIC. Decimals.

Percentage without time.

Easy Problems in interest.

Application of Square and Cubic Measures.

Problems.

ELEMENTARY SCIENCE.-As outlined in Course of Agriculture Series II, pages 1-124.

SPELLING.-As in Grade VI.

MUSIC. Introductory Third Beader. Scales. Third Time Chart. ent keys. Chromatic Scale.

DRAWING.

Normal Music Course. Minor Modulation through the differSame exercises as in Grade VI.

Drawing Book No. 7. Teacher's Manual, Part IV.

TOPIC I. In the nature work: More stress on rapid sketching; noticing the masses of form and color-trees, flowers, bits of landscape guidance as to the use of copying.

1. Study of appearances.

2.

i

Some lessons on Theory; drawing from the rectangular object below the eye, above the eye; observing convergence, finding vanishing points, etc.; books, chairs, tables, simple school room objects thoughtfully drawn, brightly rendered. (Freehand work throughout).

Some pose drawing.

Under construction: The work of Grade VI with greater accuracy; use of rule and compass; practice in applying the common "conventions."

3. Study from Illustrations, Readings, etc. :-historic ornament; modern uses of ornament. Decorative treatment of flower or

spray.

Read note to Grade VIII. See Manuals Parts I to IV.

GEOGRAPHY.--Physical and Political Geography of the countries in Europe and North America.

General review of the physical feature of the grand divisions; position of the countries in the grand divisions; surroundings, surface, climate; animal and vegetable life; resources, inhabitants, their occupations and social condition; important localities, cities, and towns.

HISTORY.-English History. Creighton, Chap. 10 to 19. Canadian. Clement, Chap. 16 to 31.

PHYSIOLOGY.-Physiology for Young People (New Pathfinder No. 2), Chap. 10 to 17.

GRAMMAR.—Inductive study of the sentence, with results put in clear and concise language.

1.—Examination and comparison of easy sentences leading to classification into Declarative, Interrogative, &c.

2.--Division of compound sentences into independent proposi

tions.

3. Division of easy sentences into subject and predicate.
4.—Division of: (a) Complete subject into bare subject and
modifiers; (b) Complete predicate into bare predicate and
modifiers.

5.-Comparison of word groups leading to the distinction be-
tween (a) Phrases and clauses; (b) Principal clauses and
subordinate clauses.

6. Examination and comparison of words, phrases and dependent clauses with regard to their use in the sentence.

7.-Analysis of compound sentences; easy complex sentences and continuous prose.

GRADE VIII.

READING.-Fifth Reader (Selections see Circular.)

COMPOSITION.-Continuation of exercises of previous Grades.
Direct instruction in choice of words, arrangement of words

in sentences, structure of paragraphs, narration, description,
common figures of speech.

WRITING.-Careful attention to penmanship in all written

exercises.

ARITHMETIC.-Percentage, Insurance, Commission and Brokerage, Profit and Loss, Duties, Interest and Discount, Measurement of surfaces of Rectangular solids and of Cylinders, Square Root with easy applications.

ELEMENTARY SCIENCE.-As outlined in Prairie Agriculture Series II.

SPELLING.-As in Grade VII.

MUSIC.-Completing Introductory Third Reader. Chromatic Scale. Minor Scales. Third Time Chart. Modulation. Same exercises as in Grade VII.

DRAWING.

Drawing Book 8.

Teacher's Manual Part IV.

TOPIC I-Sketches from Nature and of Appearances as in Grade VII. Use of objects and models; readiness in arranging a group; practice for freedom in getting an outline drawing or study."

66

(Blackboard work; time sketches; home studies.)

Principles before the pupil :

In the drawing-Foreshortening, proportion, converg

ence.

In the arrangement and the rendering Simplicity, grace.
Thoughtful selections for the book pages.

TOPIC 2. First steps in instrumental drawing; use of a few
geometric problems (see 1 to 9); ability to show, from a
simple object, two or three views figured.

Optional; Study of pattern making; accurate developments from the types, prism, cylinder, cone.

TOPIC 3.-As in Grade VII.

NOTE.-Special features in the book work, as the lessons under Composition and Design, the studies in Light and Shade and Color, &c., to be met or adapted according to the local conditions. Read notes on cover of pupil's drawing book. See page 15 of this pamphlet.

GEOGRAPHY.-Physical Geography.

General review of the continents with special reference to British possessions.

Topics as in Grade VII.

HISTORY.-English History. Creighton reviewed.
Canadian. Clement, Chap. 32 to 52.

ALGEBRA. Simple rules; simple equations; problems; easy exercises in factoring.

GEOMETRY.-Euclid, Book 1, Propositions I-XXVI.

GRAMMAR.-Exercises similar to those in GRADE VII, but on
more difficult sentences, and on continuous prose.
1.-Classification of words into parts of speech, following the
order suggested by the work of Grade VII.
2.-Distinguishing between

(a) The different naming words.
(6) The different modifying words.
(c) The different connecting words.
3. Parts of speech accurately defined.
4.-Inflection.

5.-Analysis and parsing.

GRADE IX (Optional).

In cities and towns Boards of School Trustees may establish a new Grade, to be known as Grade IX.

The programme of studies for this Grade is now under the consideration of the Advisory Board.

SUPPLEMENTARY MUSIC.

Schools requiring Supplementary Music will find the following sustable:

Grade I." The Cecilian Series," Part I.

Grade II." Child life in Song."

III." Kindergarten and Primary Songs," by Elnor Smith.
IV. "The Cecilian Series," Part II.

66

"If we should wait until the pupils were equal to producing drawings which would compare not unfavorably with the examples in the books, even Book I would not be appropriate for young children. We must put aside the idea that ability to draw well can come as any immediate result of studying good examples or of drawing from objects. There may be art feeling in the simplest and crudest effort, while it may be a poor drawing from the adult or technical standpoint. These books with their beautiful illustrations will fail in the inspiration they might otherwise give if the children are forced beyond their powers.'

Pupils will gain in individual expression and application by seeing beautiful things, just as they gain along similar lines by hearing and reading fine examples in literature. Therefore, in order that the children may develop in a natural manner, it is hoped that the teacher will accept even very crude results when these express the best efforts of the pupils.”

2. PICTURES SUITABLE FOR SCHOOLS are to be found in the local and all good Art stores. The following aids to the selection of a picture are suggested:

Catalogues of "Art Material for Public Schools."

By the Prang Educational Co., Boston, Chicago, New York; By the Witter Company, Art Publishers, New York. Illustrative Prints, 1 cent each (all types of subjects for schools), by The Perry Picture Company, Malden, Mass.

Books" Art and the Formation of Taste," by Lucy Crane.

"How to Enjoy Pictures," by Mabel S. Emery. Any

bookstore.

3. The programme outlined for Drawing refers to City Schools. In the Prang editions

The Elementary Course has 12 half-year books; 6 Manuals for
Teacher.

The Course for Graded Schools; 6 Drawing Books, 1 Manual for
Teacher.

The Course for Ungraded Schools; 1 Drawing Book, 1 Pamphlet
Manual for Teacher.

For Village Schools the following arrangement is advised:

In Grades I, II.-The primary work is indicated for City Schools.
In Grades III to VIII. The six books of the "Course for Graded
Schools," or where classes have to be grouped, three of these
books placed thus:

In Grades III., IV.-Book 1.

In Grades V., VI.-Book 3.

In Grades VII., VIII.-Book 5.

The teacher adding work similar to exercises 12, 16, 18 of Book 6.

For Rural Schools :

Selections from the Primary work as defined for Grade I; use
of the "Course for Ungraded Schools," which Drawing
Book has typical lessons from the work outlined for Grades
IV to VII inclusive.