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THE LIFE
OF
THOMAS JEFFERSON.
BY
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D.
"THOMAS JEFFERSON STILL SURVIVES! "
The Last Words of John Adams.
IN THREE VOLUMES.
VOL. II.
NEW YORK:
DERBY & JACKSON, 119 NASSAU STREET.
1858.
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Southern
District of New York.
W. H. TINSON, STEREOTYPER, Rear of 43 & 45 Centre St.
GEORGE RUSSELL & CO., PRINTERS,
61 Beekman Street,
CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME.
[A complete Analytical Index will be found at the End of the Third Volume.]
CHAPTER I.
1791.
Signature of the Bank Bill-Jefferson's Reports to Congress-The President's Southern
Tour-Jefferson's Letter to J. B. Smith, and the Resulting Controversy with Mr.
Adams-Jefferson's Letter to Washington on the Subject-To Colonel Monroe-To
Mr. Adams-Mr. Adams's Reply-C. F. Adams's Allegations of Inconsistency con-
sidered (Note)-Jefferson's and Madison's Excursion North-Instructions to Mr.
Short-Political Correspondence-Yazoo Claims-Effects of United States Bank Specu-
lations Jefferson visits Home-Eighteen Letters to his Daughters-His return, and
the Meeting of Congress-Reports to Congress-Report to the President on English
and French Commerce-His Views on Constitution of Virginia-Practice of keeping
his "Ana" commenced-The Charges against this Production considered-Reasons
for writing it-Did it involve a Breach of Confidence ?-Fairness of Posthumous Publi-
cations of this kind-Reasons for revising and leaving it for publication-Judge Mar-
shall and his Life of Washington-Its bearing on the Republican Party, and on Jeffer-
son-The Ana intended as a Defence against it-The Right to employ the Testimony
adduced-Avoidance of irrelevant Personalities-Compared with similar Productions
in this Particular-The Duty of Mr. Jefferson's Biographer,
CHAPTER II.
1792.
1
New Diplomatic Arrangements-Grounds of the Opposition to Morris's Appointment-
Explanations between the President and Secretary of State-The President apprised
of permanent Divisions in his Cabinet-Apprised of Jefferson's intended Retirement-
Jefferson's Draft of Instructions to our Ministers in Spain-Cabinet Consultation on the
Apportionment Bill-Circumstances of the Veto-Madison consulted-Proposed Extra-
dition Treaty with Spain-Instructions to Mr. Morris-Negotiations between Jefferson
and the English Minister-Jefferson delivers Hammond his Specifications of the Eng-
lish Breaches of the Treaty of Peace-Hamilton's alleged Interference in the Negotia.
tions-Hammond's Answer to Jefferson's Specifications-Jefferson's Rejoinder-His
Official Partialities between France and England examined-His Letter urging Wash-
ington to accept a Reëlection-Washington's Answer-Paul Jones's appointment to
Office, and Death-His Relations with Jefferson-Political Letters-Further Division be-
tween Parties-Hamilton's anonymous Attacks on Jefferson-Founders of the National
Gazette-Jefferson visits Home-Family Correspondence-Washington's Letter to
Jefferson on Dissensions in the Cabinet-His Letter to Hamilton-Jefferson's Reply-
Hamilton's Reply-Comparison of the Tone of the Letters-Professions and practice of
the two compared-Jefferson's Interview with the President at Mount Vernon-
President urges his continuance in Office-Hamilton's charge that such continuance
was indelicate Their respective "Opposition" to the President Examined-Jeffer-
son's Notice in Correspondence of Hamilton's Attacks on him-Washington's Letter to
Jefferson-Washington's Idea of Parties-President's Proclamation to Resisters or
Excise Law-Marshall's Statements-Jefferson complains of English Impressments-
Complains to Spain of Governor Carondelet-Cabinet Meeting on Viar and Jaudenes'
Complaints-Hamilton Counsels an English Alliance-The President rejects the Pro-
position,
.
45
CHAPTER III.
1792-1793.
Second Presidential Election-Republican Triumph in the Congressional Elections-Closing
Session of the preceding Congress-It refuses to hear Heads of Departments on the Floor
-References to Heads of Departments sustained-Political Letters-French Relations
-The President's Views on them-Loan to United States Bank defeated-"The Catho
lic principle of Republicanism "-Partisan partialities towards France and England-
-Jefferson's strong Letter to Short-Republican Opposition to Jefferson's Retirement
-His disagreeable Position-Letter to his Daughter on the Subject-Defers his Retire-
ment-Refuses to form a Coalition with Hamilton-Additional Assumption defeated by
the President-W. S. Smith's Communications from the French Government-The
President urges Jefferson to accept the French Mission, when he retires from the Ca-
binet-De Ternant's application for Prepayment granted-Prepayment of entire French
Debt refused-Proceedings in Congress-Inquiry into the Conduct of the Secretary
of the Treasury-Hamilton's Replies to the House-Resolutions of Censure defeated-
Their Propriety considered-War between France and England-How regarded in the
United States--Cabinet Proceedings in reference to Reception of French Minister,
and to the Bindingness of French Treaties-President's Proclamation-Jefferson's
View of Randolph's Draft-President decides to receive French Minister, and that
the French Treaties are binding-Jefferson refuses to remove Freneau from Office-His
language and Motives considered-His Idea of a Casus Belli with the European Powers-
Morris instructed to respect the De Facto Government of France-Jefferson's Ideas on
Public Officers embarking in Speculations-Citizen Genet, the new French Minister-
His Arrival in the United States-English Vessels captured-The Popular Feeling-Ca-
binet Deliberations on Neutrality Laws-Instructions to Pinckney-Jefferson's Descrip-
tion of the Views of the Cabinet-Hamilton's proposed Circular to the Collectors-Jef
ferson's Reply to Complaints of Hammond-Complains to Hamilton of his Intrusions
on his Department-Cabinet divide on Propriety of restoring Prizes to England-Po-
sitions of the Several Members-President concurs with the Secretary of State-
Genet's Arrival and Reception in Philadelphia-His Reception by the President-
His Waiver of the American Guaranty of the French West Indies-Its Effect on the
Public Mind-Relations with Spain-Its hostile Deportment towards United States-
Instructions to American Commissioners in Spain-Cabinet Meetings in regard to
Southern Indians-Decisive Dispatches to Spain-Forwarded without a Cabinet Con-
sultation War considered imminent-Federal Hostility to the French Republic con-
sidered-General Washington's Attitude on this Subject-His perfect Understanding
CONTENTS.
with the Secretary of State--Leaves the latter to decide whether an immediate Call
shall be made on England to surrender the Northern Posts-Jefferson's Call on Ham-
mond-The contemplated Consequences of this Step-The Anglo-Spanish Alliance-
The President's greater Confidence in Jefferson than in the other Members of his
Cabinet, in regard to Foreign Affairs, manifested, .
CHAPTER IV.
1793.
. 101
Correspondence with Genet-Concessions of France-Genet's Complaints and Jefferson's
Replies Genet assumes an Angry and Criminatory Tone-His Proposal to stop Pay-
ments on the St. Domingo Drafts-Discussions in relation to the Treaty of 1778, etc.-
The President goes to Mount Vernon-Genet Arms and Commissions the Little Demo-
crat at Philadelphia-Mifflin reports her about to sail-Sends Dallas to Genet-Jeffer-
son visits Genet, and Particulars of their Interview-Genet intimates the Vessel will not
sail before the President's Return-Cabinet Meeting, July 8th-President's Return
expected in two or three Days-Hamilton and Knox propose to fire upon the Vessel if she
attempts to pass Mud Island-Jefferson dissents-Extracts from the two Papers-Was
Jefferson's scorching Reply merited-Difficulties of his Position-His Private Opinion
of Genet-Little Democrat drops down to Chester-President reached Philadelphia on
the 11th-His warm Note to Jefferson, and Jefferson's Answer-Cabinet Meeting on
the 12th Jefferson's previous Action sustained-Judge Marshall's Manner of stating
the Facts Jefferson's Decided Letter to Spanish Commissioners-No Retreat in the
President's Policy-Jefferson tenders his Resignation, to take effect 1st of September
-Cabinet Discussions on demanding Recall of Genet-On an Appeal to the People-
On Rules of Neutrality-On convening Congress-Particulars of a Personal Interview
between Washington and Jefferson-Washington solicits a Delay of his Resignation-
Jefferson's Feelings on the Occasion-Jefferson's Consent, and the President's Reply-
Jefferson's Draft of Letter demanding Genet's Recall-Washington and Jefferson voted
down on a Clause-A Private Draft of Hamilton's not brought forward-Character of
Jefferson's Production-A Feature in the Ana-Genet's Visit to New York-The Certi-
ficate-makers-Genet's Appeal to the Public-A Hint of the degree of Control Jeffer-
son exercised over Frencau's Paper-Yellow Fever appears in Philadelphia-Outrage
of Du Plaine-British Orders in Council-French Retaliatory Decrees-Georgia pre-
paring to chastise the Creeks-Cabinet Action on the four preceding Subjects-Jeffer-
son's Excuse for Subscribing to the Resolution respecting England-His Dispatches in
regard to Du Plaine, and to Gov. Telfair-Progress of the Yellow Fever-Jefferson's
Draft of Instructions to Morris-England satisfied with Conduct of our Government in
regard to Neutrality Laws-Persists, however, in her Aggressions-Hamilton Ill with
Yellow Fever-Jefferson sends Genet Copy of Demand for his Recall-Arranges his
Business, and carries his Daughter Home-Family Correspondence brought down—
President deliberates on convening Congress elsewhere-He consults the Cabinet and
Mr. Madison-Pendleton's Letter to Washington against Hamilton and his Measures-
President's noticeable Reply-Genet's Reply to Jefferson on receiving a Copy of the
Demand for his own Recall-Judge Marshall's Selections from this Reply-Jefferson
does not answer Genet-Letter to Ceracchi-Visit of the latter to United States, and
Statues and Busts executed by him-Cabinet Discussion on sending Genet out of the
Country-On the Construction to be given to Congress of the so-called Proclamation
of Neutrality-Hamilton's and Randolph's Drafts of Explanation rejected-Jefferson's
Views substantially concurred in-Heads of President's Speech discussed-Randolph's
Draft Jefferson drafts Messages in regard to France and England-Discussion as to
what shall be Publicly and what Privately transmitted to Congress Jefferson's Views
prevail at all points-The only place where Jefferson speaks of Drafting Papers for
the President-Reasons why we cannot know how far he made such Drafts-The
Dishonor of preserving them as Proofs of Authorship-Opening of Congress-Ascend-