4. A merchant owns a sloop worth 1,000 dollars, a schooner worth 5,675 dollars, a brig worth 8,340 dollars, and a ship worth 12,345 dollars; what is the value of all these vessels ? Ans. 27,360 dollars.

5. A man owns one farm containing 45 acres, a second containing 18 acres, a third containing 156 acres, a fourth containing 225 acres, and a fifth containing 9 acres ; what number of acres are contained in the five farms? Ans. 453.

6. Benjamin Franklin was born in the year 1706, and was 84 years old when he died; in what year did he die? Ans. in 1790.

7. A teamster hauled a quantity of wheat in different loads containing the following numbers of bushels; 34, 28, 27, 32, 42, 29, 33, 35, and 30; what was the whole quantily hauled? Ans. 290 bushels. 8. Add the following numbers, 3,575,412, 900, 8, 27, 8,208, 450,275, 633, 44, 65,000, and 1,225.

Ans. 4,101,732.

9. A merchant paid 15,255 dollars for a store, 9,237 dollars for a vessel, 12,676 dollars for goods, and 275 dollars for a horse and chaise; how much did he pay for the whole ? Ans. 37,443 dollars. 10. The owner of a coal mine agreed to furnish some iron manufacturers with one hundred and sixty-five thou

sand, two hundred bushels of coal; a merchant, with forty-seven thousand, six hundred and ninety-five bushels; another person with eight thousand, two hundred and seventy-nine bushels, and he wants himself three thousand, five hundred and forty-five bushels; what quantity will supply himself and the others? Ans. 224,719 bushels.

LESSON 17.

1. A farmer bought an ox wagon for 135 dollars, a yoke of oxen for 75 dollars, three ploughs for 27 dollars, six cows for 96 dollars, and thirteen sheep for 65 dollars; what sum of money must he pay for the whole ? Ans. 398 dollars. first son is born, years old?

2. If a man be 27 years old when his of what age will he be when his son is 21

Ans. 48 years.

3. According to the census of 1830, Maine contained 399,462 inhabitants, New Hampshire 269,533, Vermont 280,679, Massachusetts 610,014, Rhode Island 97,210, and Connecticut 297,211; how many inhabitants were there in all of these states, which are called the New England States ? Ans. 1,954,109.

4. If I pay 85 dollars for a gold watch, 37 for a coat, 6 for a hat, 5 for a pair of boots, and 275 for a horse and chaise, what does the whole cost me ? Ans. 408 dollars.

5. A merchant sold a lot of coffee for 2,327 dollars, and lost 637 dollars on it; how much did the coffee cost him? Ans. 2,964 dollars.

6. Charles paid twenty-five cents for some paper, fiftyeight cents for a penknife, twelve cents for some quills, and seventy-five cents for a pair of gloves; how much did he pay for the whole ? Ans. 170 cents. As 100 cents make a dollar, how many dollars and cents did he pay for the whole ?

7. What is the sum of 7, 87,455,383, 67,914,533, 29, 456, and 500,000. Ans. 155,870,408.

8. A merchant bought a brig for 6,236 dollars; he paid 614 dollars for repairs on the hull, and 869 dollars for repairs on the rigging; for what price must he sell the brig to gain 325 dollars? Ans. 8,044 dollars.

9. If your debts to different persons are as follows, 2,756 dollars, 1,000 dollars, 75 dollars, 467 dollars, 395 dollars, and 5,832 dollars, how much is the whole that you owe? Ans. 10,525 dollars

10. If you travel 115 miles from Portland to Boston, 42 miles from Boston to Providence, 186 miles from Providence to New York, 145 miles from New York to Albany, 16 miles from Albany to Schenectady, and 24 miles from Schenectady to Saratoga; how far do you travel in going from Portland to Saratoga? Ans. 528 miles.

SUBTRACTION.

LESSON 18.

To be performed in the mind.

1. If you have 5 cents, and give away 2, how many will you have left? 2 from 5 leaves how many then? 3 from 5 leaves how many ?

2. Edwin took 3 walnuts from a heap that contained 6; how many did he leave?

3. A man walked 7 miles from home, and afterwards returned 4 miles; how far was he then from home? How many then does 4 from 7 leave? Why does 4 from 7 leave 3? Answer. Because 4 and 3 are 7.

4. Maria counted 8 robins on a tree, but 3 shortly flew away; how many remained? 3 from 8 leaves what number then? Why?

5. I had 9 cents, but soon after spent 4 of them for some apples; how many did I keep ?

6. A boy bought a pear for 3 cents, and handed the seller a 10 cent piece; how many cents must he receive back?

7. A fisherman returning home with 12 shad, sold 5 of them by the way; how many were left? How many does 5 from 12 leave then? 7 from 12 ?

8. If you have 16 walnuts, and your brother has 6, which has the most, and how many?

9. A farmer who had 14 cows, sold 5? how many did he keep?

10. A ship had a crew of 20 men, but 10 deserted before she sailed; how many remained? 10 from 20 leaves how many then? Why?

LESSONS 19 AND 20.

SUBTRACTION TABLE.

Note. Questions in this table should not be asked in rotation, because when they are so asked the learner can answer by merely counting, without the least exertion of memory.

In one part of the table we find 3 from 8 leaves 5, and in another part, 5 from 8 leaves 3. Each operation in the table is repeated in this way, except when the number left is 1, or is the same as the number subtracted. Make the learner observe this.

4 from 5 leaves 4 from 6 leaves 4 from 7 leaves 4 from 8 leaves 4 from 9 leaves 4 from 10 leaves 4 from 11 leaves 4 from 12 leaves

leaves

123

16 from
26 from 8 leaves
36 from 9 leaves
46 from 10 leaves 4
56 from 11 leaves 5
66 from 12 leaves 6
76 from 13 leaves
86 from 14 leaves
96 from 15 leaves
10 6 from 16 leaves 10

7880

9

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9 from 11 leaves
9 from 12 leaves
9 from 13 leaves
9 from 14 leaves
9 from 15 leaves

5

6

9 from 16 leaves ግ 9 from 17 leaves 8

9 from 18 leaves 9 9 from 19 leaves 10

110 from 11 leaves
210 from 12 leaves
3 10 from 13 leaves
4 10 from 14 leaves
5 10 from 15 leaves
6 10 from 16 leaves
710 from 17 leaves

123456

17 from 8 leaves 27 from 9 leaves 37 from 10 leaves 47 from 11 leaves 57 from 12 leaves 67 from 13 leaves 77 from 14 leaves 87 from 15 leaves 8 10 from 18 leaves 8 97 from 16 leaves 9 10 from 19 leaves 9 4 from 14 leaves 107 from 17 leaves 10 10 from 20 leaves 10

4 from 13 leaves

LESSON 21.

To be performed in the mind.

1. Augustus had 5 apples, but he soon after dropped 3 and lost them; how many had he left ?

2. Benjamin has 6 cents and Samuel 4; which has the most? How many the most?

3. If you have 7 pears, and give your sister 3 of them, how many will you have left? 3 from 7 leaves how many then? 4 from 7 ?

4. I have 5 dollars; how many more must I get to have 8? 5 from 8 leaves how many then? Why?

5. What is the difference between 4 and 8? 4 and 6 ? 5 and 9? 4 and 7? 8 and 3? 8 and 6? 9 and 5? 10 and 7? 6 and 12? 13 and 7? 15 and 8? 9 and 17?

6. My father gave me 5 cents and my brother 4, but I soon after lost 3 of them; how many did I then have ?

7. A boy having 10 cents, spent 2 cents for some apples, and 6 cents for a little book; how many cents did he keep? 8. Julia has 16 plums; how many will be left if she gives away 4?

9. If you take 7 dollars from 15, how many will be left? How many will be left if you take 3 from 11? 9 from 19 ? 3 from 24? 6 from 33? 8 from 41 ? 5 from 55? 9 from 62? 2 from 70? 4 from 85? 7 from 105? 3 from 120 ? 10. George's mother gave him 75 cents; after he had spent 4 cents and 5 cents, how many had he left?

LESSON 22.

To be performed in the mind.

1. If you have 23 marbles, and lose 10, how many will you have left? Explanation. 1 ten from 2 tens and 3

leaves how many?

2. What remains after taking 10 apples from 15? 10 from 19? 10 from 27? 10 from 32? 10 from 46? 10 from 54 10 from 63? 10 from 75? 10 from 81? 10 from 99 ? 10 from 100? 10 from 108? 10 from 215? 10 from 455 ? 10 from 1,000?

3. A trader sold 20 pounds of sugar out of a box that contained 30 pounds; how much was left? Explanation. 2 tens taken from 3 tens leave how many?