Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB

2. To draw near, as time.

Hark! I hear the sound of coaches, The hour of attack approaches. Gay. 3. To make a progress toward, in a figurative sense, as mentally.

He shall approach unto me: for who is this that engaged his heart to approach unto me? Jeremiah.

To have knowledge in all the objects of contemplation, is what the mind can hardly attain unto; the instances are few of those who have, in any measure, approached towards it. Locke. 4. To come near, by natural affinity, or resemblance; as, the cat approaches to the tiger.

To APPROACH. V. a.

1. To bring near to. This sense is rather French than English.

This they will nimbly perform, if objected to the extremes; but slowly, and not at all, if approached unto their roots. Brown's Vulgar Er.

By plunging paper thoroughly in weak spirit of wine, and approaching it to a candle, the spirituous parts will burn, without harming the paper. Boyle.

Dryden.

Approach'd, and looking underneath the sun, He saw proud Arcite. 2. To come near to.

Temple.

He was an admirable poet, and thought even to have approached Homer. APPROACH. 2.s. [from the verb.] 1. The act of drawing near.

If I could bid the seventh welcome with so good a heart as I can bid the other five farewel, I should be glad of his approach. Shakspeare.

"I is with our souls

[blocks in formation]

For England his approaches make as fierce As waters to the sucking of a gulph.

4. Means of advancing.

Shaksp.

Against beleagur'd heav'n the giants move; Hills pil'd on hills, on mountains mountains lie, To make their mad approaches to the sky. Dry. APPROACHER. n.5. [from approach.] The person that approaches or draws near. Thou gav'st thine ears, like tapsters, that bid welcome To knaves and all approachers. Shakspeare. APPROACHMENT. n. s. [from a proact.] The act of coming near.

As for ice, it will not concrete but in the approachment of the air, as we have made trial in glasses of water, which will not easily freeze. Brozon.

APPROBATION. n.

n. s. [approbatio, Lat.] 1. The act of approving, or expressing himself pleased or satisfied.

That not past me, but

By learned approbation of my judges. 3. The liking of any thing.

L

Shaks.

There is no positive law of men, whether received by formal consent, as in councils, or by secret approbation, as in customs, but may be taken away. Hooker.

The bare approbation of the worth and goodBess of a thing, is not properly the willing of that thing; yet men do very commonly account

it so.

South,

3. Attestation; support.

How many now in health Shall drop their blood in app, obation Of what your rev'rence shall incite us to! Sbak. APPROOF. n. s. [from approve; as proof, from prove.] Approbation; commendation a word rightly derived, but old. O most perilous mouths,

Dict.

That bear in them one and the self-same tongue Either of condemnation or approof! Shakspeare. To APPROPERATE. V. a. [uppropero, Lat.] To hasten; to set forward. TO APPROPINQUATE. v. n. [appropinquo, Lat.] To draw night unto; to approach.

To APPROPINQUE. v. n. [appropinquo,
Lat] To approach; to drawn near to.
A ludicrous word.

The clotted blood within my hose,
That from my wounded body flows,
With mortal crisis doth portend

APPROPRIABLE. adj. [from appropriate.]
My days to appropinque an end. Hudibras.
That may be appropriated; that may
be restrained to something particular.

This conceit, applied unto the original of man, and the beginning of the world, is more justly appropriable unto its end. Brown's Vulg. Er. To APPROPRIATE. v. a. [approprier, Fr. approprio, low Lat.]

1. To consign to some particular use or

person.

Things sanctified were thereby in such sort appropriated unto God, as that they might never afterwards again be made common. Hooker.

As for this spot of ground, this person, this thing, I have selected and appropriated, have inclosed it to myself and my own use: and I will endure no sharer, no rival, or companion in it. South.

Some they appropriated to the gods, And some to publick, some to private ends. Roscommon.

Marks of honour are appropriated to the magistrate, that he might be invited to reverence himself. Atterbury. 2. To claim or exercise; to take to himself by an exclusive right. To themselves appropriating The spirit of God, promis'd alike and giv'n To all believers. Milton. Why should people engross and appropriate the common benefits of tire, air, and water, to themselves? L'Estrange.

Every body else has an equal title to it; and therefore he cannot appropriate, he cannot inclose, without the consent of all his fellow-commoners, all mankind." 3. To make peculiar to something; to annex by combination.

Locke.

He need but be furnished with verses of sacred scripture; and his system, that has appropri ated them to the orthodoxy of his church, makes themimmediately irrefragable arguments. Locke. We, by degrees, get ideas and names, and learn their appropriated connection one with another. Locke. 4. In law, to alienate a benefice. See APPROPRIATION.

Before Richard 11. it was lawful to appropriate the whole fruits of a benefice to any abbey, the house finding one to serve the cure; that APPROPRIATE. adj. [from the verb.] Peking redressed that horrid evil. Ayliffe, culiar; consigned to some particular

use or person; belonging peculiarly. He did institute a band of fifty archers, by the name of yeomen of his guard: and that it might be thought to be rather a matter of dignity, than any matter of diffidence appropriate to his own case, he made an ordinance not temporary, but to holdin succession for ever. Bacon. The heathens themselves had an apprehension of the necessity of some appropriate acts of divine worship. Stilling fleet. APPROPRIATION, n. s. [from appropri ate.]

1. The application of something to a particular purpose.

The mind should have distinct ideas of the things, and retain the particular name, with its Locke. peculiar appropriation to that idea.

2. The claim of any thing as peculiar. He doth nothing but talk of his horse, and make a great appropriation to his good parts, that he can shoe him himself. Shakspeare.

3. The fixing a particular signification to

a word.

The name of faculty may, by an appropriation that disguises its true sense, palliate the absurdity. 4. In law.

Locke.

Appropriation is a severing of a benefice ecclesiastical to the proper and perpetual use of some religious house, or dean and chapter, bishoprick, or college; because, as persons ordinarily have no right of fee simple, these, by reason of their perpetuity, are accounted owners of the fee simple; and therefore are called proprietors. To an appropriation, after the licence obtained of the king in chancery, the consent of the diocesan, patron, and incumbent, are necessary, if the church be full: but if the church be void, the diocesan and the patron, upon the Corvell. king's licence, may conclude. APPROPRIATOR... [from appropriate.] He that is possessed of an appropriated benefice.

These appropriators, by reason of their perpetuities, are accounted owners of the fee simple; and therefore are called proprietors. Ayliffe APPROVABLE. adj. [from approve,] That merits approbation.

soever.

The solid reason, or confirmed experience, of any men, is very approvable in what profession Brown's Vulgar Errours. APPROVAL. 7. s. [from approve.] Approbation a word rarely found.

There is a censor of justice and manners, without whose approval no capital sentences are to be executed. Temple. APPROVANCE. n. s. [from approve.] Approbation a word not much used.

A man of his learning should not so lightly have been carried away with old wives' tales Spenser. from approvance of his own reason. Should she seem

Thomson.

Soft'ning the least approvance to bestow, Their colours burnish, and, by hope inspir'd, They brisk advance. To APPROVE. v. a. [approuver, Fr. approlo. Lat.]

1. To like; to be pleased with.

There can be nothing possibly evil which God approveth, and that he approveth much more than he doth command.

Hooker.

What power was that whereby Medea saw, And well appron'd and praised the better course, When her rebellious sense did so withdraw Her feeble pow'rs that she pursu'd the worse? Davies.

2. To express liking.

It is looked upon as insolence for a man to set up his own opinion against that of some learned doctor, or otherwise approved writer. Locke.

3. To prove; to show; to justify.

His meaning was not, that Ärchimedes could simply in nothing be deceived; but that he had in such sort approved his skill, that he seemed worthy of credit for ever after, in matters appertaining to the science he was skilful in. Hooker. In religion,

What damned errour but some sober brow
Will bless it, and approve it with a text? Sbak.
I'm sorry

That he approves the common liar, Fame,
Who speaks him thus at Rome. Shakspeare.
Would'st thou approve thy constancy? Approve
First thy obedience.
Milton.

Refer all the actions of this short life to that state which will never end; and this will approve itself to be wisdom at the last, whatever the world judge of it now. Tillotson.

4. To experience. Not in use.

Oh! 't is the curse in love, and still approv'd, When women cannot love, where they're belov'd. Shakspeare. 5. To make or show to be worthy of ap probation.

The first care and concern must be to approve himself to God by righteousness, holiness, and purity. Rogers. 6. It has of before the object, when 'it signifies to be pleased, but may be used without a preposition; as, I approve your letter, or, of your letter.

I shewed you a piece of black and white stuff, just sent from the dyer; which you were pleased to approve of, and be my customer for. Swift. APPROVEMENT. n. s. [from approve.] Approbation; liking.

It is certain that at the first you were all of my opinion, and that I did nothing without your approvement. Hayward. APPRO'VER. n. s. [from approve.] 1. He that approves. 2. He that makes trial.

Their discipline,

Now mingled with their courages, will make known

To their approvers, they are people such As mend upon the world. Shakspeare. 3. In common law, one that, confessing felony of himself, appealeth or accuseth another one or more, to be guilty of the same: and he is called so, because he must prove what he hath alleged in his appeal. Corvell. APPROXIMATE. adj. [from ad, to, and proximus, near, Lat.] Near to.

These receive a quick conversion, containing approximate dispositions unto animation. Brown. APPROXIMATION. n. s. [from approxi male.]

I. Approach to any thing.

Unto the latitude of Capricorn, or the winter solstice, it had been a spring; for, unto that po sition, it had been in a middle point, and that of ascent or approximation. Brown's Vulg. Er. The fiery region gains upon the inferiour elements; a necessary consequent of the sun's graHale. dual approximation towards the earth. Quadrupeds are better placed according to the degrees of their approximation to the human

Grew's Museum,

shape. 2. In science, a continual approach nearer

[ocr errors]

still, and nearer, to the quantity sought, though perhaps without a possibility of ever arriving at it exactly. APPULSE. n. s. [appulsus, Lat.] The act of striking against any thing.

An hectic fever is the innate heat kindled into a destructive fire, through the appulse of saline streams. Harvey.

In vowels, the passage of the mouth is open and free, without any appulse of an organ of speech to another; but in all consonants, there is an appulse of the organs. Holder. To A'PRICATE. v. n. [apricor, Lat.] To bask in the sun. Dict. APRICITY.. s. [apricitas, Lat.] Warmth of the sun; sunshine. Dict. A'PRICOT, or A'PRICOCK. n. s. [from apricus, Lat. sunny.] A kind of wallfruit.

A'PRIL. n. s. [Aprilis, Lat. Avril, Fr.] The fourth month of the year, January counted first.

April is represented by a young man in green, with a garland of myrtle and hawthorn buds; in one hand primroses and violets, in the other the sign Taurus. Peacham on Drawing. Men are April when they woo, December when they wed: Maids are May when they are maids, but the sky changes when they are wives. Shakspeare's As like it. APRON. n. s. [A word of uncertain etymology, but supposed by some to be → contracted from afore one.] A cloth hung before, to keep the other dress clean.

you

Give us gold, good Timon: hast thou more?-
-Hold up, you sluts,

Your aprons mountant. Shakspeare. The nobility think scorn to go in leather aprons. Shakspeare. How might we see Falstaff, and not ourselves be seen?-Put on two leather jerkins and aprons, and wait upon him at his table as drawers. Sbak. In these figures the vest is gathered up before them, like an apron, which you must suppose filled with fruits. Addison.

A'PRON. n. s. [in gunnery.] A piece of lead which covers the touch-hole of a great gun.

APRON of a goose. The fat skin which covers the belly.

APRON-MAN. n.s. [from apron and man.] A man that wears an apron; a workman; a manual artificer.

You have made good work, You and your apron-men, that stood so much Upon the voice of occupation, and The breath of garlick eaters. Shakspeare. A'PRONED. adj. [from apron.] Wearing

[blocks in formation]

then the centripetal forces of those bodies will be reciprocally as the squares of the distances. Cheyne.

APT. adj. [aptus, Lat.]

1. Fit.

This so eminent industry in making proselytes, more of that sex than of the other, groweth ; for that they are deemed apter to serve as instruments in the cause. Apter they are through the eagerness of their affection; apter through a natural inclination unto piety; apter through sundry opportunities, &c. Finally, apter through a singular delight which they take in giving very large and particular intelligence how all near about them stand affected as concerning the same cause. Hooker.

2. Having a tendency to; liable to.

3.

Things natural, as long as they keep those forms which give them their being, cannot possibly be apt or inclinable to do otherwise than they do. Hooker.

My vines and peaches on my best south walls were apt to have a soot or smuttiness upon their leaves and fruits. Temple. Inclined to; led to; disposed to. You may make her you love, believe it; which I warrant she is apter to do, than confess she does. Shakspeare's As you like it. Men are apt to think well of themselves, and of their nation, of their courage and strength.

Temple

One who has not these lights, is a stranger to what he reads, and apt to put a wrong interpretation upon it. Addison.

Even those who are near the court are apt to deduct wrong consequences, by reasoning upon the motives of actions. Swift.

What we have always seen to be done in one manner, we are opt to imagine there was but that one way to do. Bentley.

4. Ready; quick: as, an apt wit.
I have a heart as little apt as yours,
But yet a brain that leads my use of anger
To better vantage.
Shakspeare.

5. Qualified for.

These brothers had awhile served the king in war, whereunto they were only apt. Sidney. All that were strong and apt for war, even them the king of Babylon brought captive to Babylon. 2 Kings,

To APT. v. a. [apto, Lat.] 1. To suit; to adapt.

We need a man that knows the several graces Of history, and how to apt their places; Where brevity, where splendour, and where

height,

Where sweetness is required, and where weight. Ben Jonson.

In some ponds, apted for it by nature, they be come pikes.

Walton,

2. To fit; to qualify; to dispose ; to pre

[blocks in formation]

APTITUDE. n. s. [French.] Fitness.

1.

This evinces its perfect aptitude and fitness for the end to which it was aimed, the planting and nourishing all true virtus among men.

2. Tendency.

Decay of Piety.

In an abortion, the mother, besides the frustration of her hopes, acquires an aptitude to miscarry for the future. Decay of Piety. 3. Disposition.

He that is about children, should study their nature and aptitudes, what turns they easily take, and what becomes them; what their native stock. is, and what it is fit for. Locke. A'PTLY.du. [from apt.]

1. Properly; with just connexion, or correspondence; fitly.

That part

Was aptly fitted, and naturally perform'd. Shak.
But what the mass nutritious does divide?
What makes them aptly to the limbs adhere,
In youth increase them, and in age repair?
Blackmore

2. Justly; pertinently.

Irenæus very aptly remarks, that those nations who were not possest of the gospels, had the same accounts of our Saviour, which are in the evangelists. Addison.

3. Readily; acutely; as, he learned his business very aptly. APTNESS. n. s. [from apt.] 1. Fitness; suitableness.

The nature of every law must be judged of by the aptness of things therein prescribed, unto

the same end.

Hooker.

There are antecedent and independent aptnesses in things; with respect to which, they are fit to be commanded or forbidden. Norris's Mis. 2. Disposition to any thing: of persons.

The nobles receive so to heart the banishment of that worthy Coriolanus, that they are in a right aptness to take all power from the people. Shakspeare. 3. Quickness of apprehension; readiness to learn.

What should be the aptness of birds, in comparison of beasts, to imitate speech, may be enquired. Bacon.

4. Tendency: of things.

Some seeds of goodness give him a relish of such reflections, as have an aptness to improve the mind. Addison.

AP'TOTE. n. s. [of a and wors.]

A

noun which is not declined with cases. A'QUA. n. s. [Latin.] Water: a word muchused in chymical writings. AQUA FORTIS. [Latin.] A corrosive liquor made by distilling purified nitre with calcined vitriol, or rectified oil of vitriol, in a strong heat: the liquor, which rises in fumes red as blood, being collected, is the spirit of nitre, or aqua forts; which serves as a menstruum for dissolving of silver, and all other metals, except gold. But if sea salt, or sal ammoniack, be added to aqua fortis, it commences aqua regia, and will then dissolve no metal but gold. Chambers.

The dissolving of silver in aqua fortis, and gold in aqua regia, and not vice versa, would not be difficult to know. Locke. AQUA MARINA, of the Italian lapidaries, is of a sea or bluish green. This stone seems to me to be the beryllus of Pliny. Woodward. AQUA MIRABILIS. [Latin.] The wonderful water, is prepared of cloves, galangals, cubebs, mace, cardamomums, nutmegs, ginger, and spirit of wine,

digested twenty-four hours, then dis

tilled.

AQUA REGIA, or AQUA REGALIS. [Latin.] An acid water, so called be cause it dissolves gold, the king of metals. Its essential ingredient is common sea salt, the only salt which will operate on gold. It is prepared by mixing common sea salt, or sal ammoniack, or the spirit of them, with spirit of nitre, or common aqua fortis. Chambers. He adds to his complex idea of gold, that of fixedness or solubility in aqua regia. Locke. AQUA VITÆ. [Latin] It is commonly understood of what is otherwise called brandy, or spirit of wine, either simple or prepared with aromaticks. But some appropriate the term brandy to what is procured from wine, or the grape; aqua vita, to that drawn after the same manner from malt. Chambers.

I will rather trust a Fleming with my butter, an Irishman with my aqua vita bottle, or a thief to walk with my ambling gelding, than my wife with herself. Shakspeare. AQUA'TICK. adj. [aquaticus, Lat. from aqua, water.]

1. That inhabits the water.

The vast variety of worms found in animals, as weil terrestrial as aquatick, are taken into their bodies by meats and drinks. Ray on the Creation.

Brutes may be considered as either aerial, terrestrial, aquatick, or amphibious. Aquatick are those whose constant abode is upon the water.

Locke.

2. That grows in the water: applied to plants.

Flags, and such like aquaticks, are best destroyed by draining. Mortimer's Husbandry. A'QUATILE. abj. [aquatilis, Lat.] That

inhabits the water.

We behold many millions of the aquatile or water frog in ditches and standing plashes. · Brown's Vulgar Errours. A'QUEDUCT. n. s. [aquæductus, Lat.] A conveyance made for carrying water from one place to another; made on uneven ground, to preserve the level of the water, and convey it by a canal. Some aqueducts are under ground, and others above it, supported by arches.

Among the remains of old Rome, the gran deur of the commonwealth shows itself chiefly in temples, highways, aqueducts, walls, and bridges of the city.

Hither the rills of water are convey'd
In curious aqueducts, by nature laid
To carry all the humour.

Addison.

Blackmore.

A'QUEOUS. adj. [from aqua, water, Lat.]

Watery.

The vehement fire requisite to its fusion, forced away all the aqueous and fugitive moisture. Ray. A'QUEOUSNESS. n. s. [aquositas, Lat.] Waterishness.

A'QUILINE. adj. [aquilinus, Lat. from aquila, an eagle.] Resembling an eagle; when applied to the nose, hooked.

His nose was aquiline, his eyes were blue, Ruddy his lips, and fresh and fair his hue. Dryd Gryps signifies some kind of eagle or vulture; from whence the epithet grypus for an hooked or aquiline nose. Brotune

[blocks in formation]

A. R. anno regni ; that is, the year of the reign: as, A. R. G. R. 20. Anno regni Georgii regis vigesimo, in the twentieth year of the reign of king George. A'RABLE. adj. [from aro, Lat. to plough.] Fit for the plough; fit for tillage; productive of corn.

His eyes he open'd, and beheld a field, Part arable, and tilth; whereon were sheaves New reap'd. Milton.

'Tis good for arable, a glebe that asks Tough teams of oxen, and laborious tasks. Dryd. Having but very little arable land, they are forced to fetch all their corn from foreign countries. Addison.

ARACHNOIDES. n. s. [from agán, a spider, and, form.]

1. One of the tunicks of the eye, so called from its resemblance to a cobweb.

As to the tunicks of the eye, many things might be taken notice of; the prodigious fineness of the arachnoides, the acute sense of the retina. Derham, a. It is also a fine thin transparent membrane, which, lying between the dura and the pia miter, is supposed to invest the whole substance of the brain.

Chambers. ARAIGNEE. n. s. [French.] A term in fortification, which sometimes denotes a branch, return, or gallery of a mine. Dict.

ARA'NEOUS. adj. [from aranea, Lat. a cobweb.] Resembling a cobweb.

The curious araneous membrane of the eye constringeth and dilateth it, and so varieth its focus. Derbam.

ABATION. adj. [aratio, Lat.] The act or practice of ploughing. ARATORY. adj. [from aro, Latin, to plough.] That contributes to tillage. Dict. A'RBALIST. . . [from arcus, a bow, and balista, an engine to throw stones.] A

[blocks in formation]

ble proportion as their own devotion moveth them, or as the laws or customs of particular places do require them. Spelman.

ARBITRAMENT. n. s. [from arbitror, Lat.] Will; determination; choice. This should be written arbitrement. Stand fast! to stand or fall,

Free in thine own arbitrament it stands; Perfect within, no outward aid require, And all temptation to transgress repel. Milton. A'BITRAKILY, adv. [from arbitrary.] With no other rule than the will; despotically; absolutely.

He governed arbitrarily, he was expelled, and came to the deserved end of all tyrants. Dryden.. ARBITRA'RIOUS. adj. [from arbitrarius, Lat.] Arbitrary; depending on the will.

These are standing and irrepealable truths, such as have no precarious existence, or arbitrarious dependence upon any will or understanding whatsoever. Norris. ARBITRARIOUSLY. adv. [from arbitrarious.] Arbitrarily; according to mere will and pleasure.

Where words are imposed arbitrariously, dis torted from their common use, the mind must be led into misprision. Glanville.. A'RBITRARY, adj. [arbitrarius, Lat.] 1. Despotick; absolute; bound by no law; following the will without restraint. It is applied both to persons and things.

In vain the Tyrian queen resigns her life For the chaste glory of a virtuous wife, If lying bards may false amours rehearse, And blast her name with arbitrary verse. Walsh. Their regal tyrants shall with blushes hide Their little lusts of arbitrary pride, Nor bear to see their vassals tied. 2. Depending on no rule; capricious.

Prior

It may be perceived, with what insecurity we ascribe effects depending on the natural period of time, unto arbitrary calculations, and such as vary at pleasure. Brown's Vulgar Errours To ARBITRATE. v. a. [arbitror, Lat.], 1. To decide: to determine.

This might have been prevented and made whole,

With very easy arguments of love,

Which now the manage of two kingdoms mast With fearful bloody issue arbitrate. Shakspeares 2. To judge of.

Yet where an equal poise of hope and fear Does arbitrate th' event, my nature is That I incline to hope rather than fear. Milton To ARBITRATE. v.7. To give judgment.

It did arbitrate upon the several reports of sense, not like a drowsy judge, only hearing, but also directing their verdict. South. ARBITRARINESS. n. 5. [from arbitrary.] Despoticalness; tyranny.

He that by harshness of nature, and arbitra riness of commands, uses his children like servants, is what they mean by a tyrant. Temple. ARBITRATION. n. s. [from arbitror, Lat.] The determination of a cause by a judge mutually agreed on by the parties contending.

ARBITRATOR. n. s. [from arbitrate.] 1. An extraordinary judge between party and party, chosen by their mutual con sent. Co well.

« AnteriorContinuar »