I know your majesty has always lov'd her So dear in heart, not to deny her what A woman of less place might ask by law; Scholars allow'd freely to argue for her. Shaksp. Publick arguing oft serves not only to exasperate the minds, but to whet the wits of hereticks. Decay of Piety. An idea of motion, not passing on, would perplex any one, who should argue from such an idea. Locke.

. To persuade by argument.

It is a sort of poetical logick which I would make use of, to argue you into a protection of this play. Congreve's Ded. to Old Butch. 3. To dispute; with the particles with or against before the opponent, and against before the thing opposed.

Why do christians, of several persuasions, so ɓercely a, que against the salvability of each other? Decay of Piety.

Hetha by often arguing against his own sense, imposes falsehoods on others, is not far from believing itself. Locke.

not see how they can argue with any one without setting down strict boundaries. Locke. To ARPL. v. a.

1. To prove any thing by argument.

If the world's age and death be argued well, By the sun's fall, which now towards earth doth bend,

Then we might fear that virtue, since she fell So low as woman, should be near her end.

Donne.

1. To debate any question; as, to argue

a cause.

3. To prove, as an argument.

So many laws argue so many sins Among them how can God with such reside? Milton.

It argues distemper of the mind as well as of the body, when a man is continually tossing from one side to the other. South.

This argues a virtue and disposition in those sides of the rays, which answers to that virtue and disposition of the chrystal. Newton's Opticks. 4. To charge with, as a crime: with of

I have pleaded guilty to all thoughts and expressions of mine, which can be truly argued of obscenity, profaneness, or immorality, and retract them. Dryden's Fables.

The accidents are not the same which would have argued him of a servile copying, and totalbarrenness of invention; yet the seas were the Dryden's Fables. A'RGUER. n. s. [from argue.] A reasoner; a disputer; a controvertist.

same.

Men are ashamed to be proselytes to a weak arguer, as thinking they must part with their reputation as well as their sin. Decay of Pilty. Neither good christians nor good arguers. Atterbury. ARGUMENT. n. s. [argumentum, Lat.] 1. A reason alleged for or against any thing.

We sometimes see, on our theatres, vice rewarded, at least unpunished; yet it ought not to be an argument against the art. Dryden.

When any thing is proved by as good argusments as that thing is capable of, supposing it were; we ought not in reason to make any doubt of the existence of that thing. Tillotson.

Our author's two great and only arguments to prove, that heirs are lords over their brethren. Locke.

2. The subject of any discourse or writing. That she who ev'n but now was your best object,

5. It has sometimes the particle to before the thing to be proved, but generally for. The best moral argument to patience, in my opinion, is the advantage of patience itself.

ture state.

Tillotson. This, before that revelation had enlightened the world, was the very best argument for a fuAtterbury. 6. [In astronomy.] An arch by which we seek another unknown arch, propor tional to the first. Chambers.

ARGUMENTAL. adj. [from argument.] Belonging to argument; reasoning.

Afflicted sense thou kindly dost set free, Oppress'd with argumental tyranny, And routed reason finds a safe retreat in thee. ARGUMENTATION. 7. s. [from arguPope. ment.] Reasoning; the act of reasoning.

Argumentation is that operation of the mind, whereby we infer one proposition from two or more propositions premised. Or it is the drawing a conclusion, which before was unknown, or doubtful, from some propositions more known and evident; so when we have judged that matter cannot think, and that the mind of man doth think, we conclude, that therefore the mind of Watts' Logick.

man is not matter.

I suppose it is no ill topick of argumentation, to shew the prevalence of contempt, by the South. contrary influences of respect.

His thoughts must be masculine, full of argumentation, and that sufficiently warm. Dryden. The whole course of his argumentation comes to nothing. Addison. ARGUMENTATIVE. adj [from argument.] 1. Consisting of argument'; containing argument.

This omission, considering the bounds within which the argumentative part of my discourse was confined, I could not avoid. Atterbury. 2. Sometimes with of, but rarely.

Another thing argumentative of providence, is that pappous plumage growing upon the tops of some seeds, whereby they are wafted with the wind, and disseminated far and wide. Ray,

3. Applied to persons, disputatious; disposed to controversy.

1. Subtle; witty; sharp. 2. Shrill.

ARIA, n. s. [Ital. in musick.] An air,

song, or tune.

A'RID, adj. [aridus, Lat. dry.]

parcned up.

Dry;

My complexion is become adust, and my body arid, by visiting lands. Arbuthnot and Pope. His harden'd fingers deck the gaudy spring, Without him summer were an arid waste.

ARIDITY. n. s. [from arid.] 1. Dryness; siccity.

Thomson.

Salt taken in great quantities will reduce an animal body to the great extremity of aridity, or dryness. Arbuthnot on Aliments. 2. In the theological sense, a kind of insensibility in devotion, contrary to unction or tenderness.

Strike my soul with lively apprehensions of thy excellencies, to bear up my spirit under the greatest aridities and dejections, with the defightful prospect of thy glories. Norris. ARIES. n. s. [Lat.] The ram; one of the twelve signs of the zodiack; the first vernal sign.

At last from Aries rolls the bounteous sun, And the bright Bull receives him. Thomson. To ARIETATF. v. n. [arkto, Lat.] 1. To butt like a ram.

2. To strike in imitation of the blows which rams give with their heads. ARIETA'TION. n. s. [from arietete.] 1. The act of butting like a ram.

2. 1 he act of battering with an engine called a ram.

The strength of the percussion, wherein ordnance do exceed all arictations and ancient inventions. Bacon.

3. The act of striking or conflicting in -general.

Now those heterogeneous atoms, by themselves, hit so exactly into their proper residence, in the midst of such tumultuary motions, and arictations of other particles. Glanaille. ARIETTA. n. s. [Ital. in musick.] A short air, song, or tune. ARISHT. adv. [from a and right.] 1. Rightly; without mental errour.

How him I lov'd, and love with all my might; So thought I eke of him, and think I thought aright.

Spenser.

These were thy thoughts, and thou could'st judge aright,

Till interest made a jaundice in thy sight. Dryd. The motions of the tongue are so easy, and so subtle, that you can hardly conceive or distinguish them aright. Holder.

2. Rightly; without crime.

A generation that set not their heart aright. Psalms. 3. Rightly; without failing of the end designed.

Guardian of groves, and goddess of the night, Fair queen, he said, direct my dart aright. Dryd. ARIOLA'TION, or HARIOLATION. n. 5.

[bariolus, Lat. a soothsayer.] Soothsaying; vaticination.

The priests of elder time deluded their apprehensions with ariolation, soothsaying, and such oblique idolatries. Brown.

To ARISE. v. n. pret. arose, particip. arisen. [from a and rise.]

1. To mount upward as the sun.

He rose, and, looking up, beheld the skies With purple blushing, and the day arise. Dryd 2. To get up as from sleep, or from rest. So Esdras arese up, and said unto them, ye have transgressed the law. 1 Esdras.

How long wilt thou sleep, O sluggard; when wilt thou arise out of thy sleep? Proverbs.

3. To come into view, as from obscurity. There shall arise false Christs and false prophets. Matt.

4. To revive from death.

I know not what mischief may arise hereafter from the example of such an innovation. Dryd 6. To enter upon a new station; to suc ceed to power or office.

Another Mary then arose,
And did rig'rous laws impose.

7. To commence hostility.

Corley,

And when he arose against me, I caught him by his beard, and smote him. 1 Samuel For the various senses of this word, see RISE. ARISTOCRACY. n. s. [ägs, greatest, and ngaliw, to govern.] That form of government which places the supreme power in the nobles, without a king, and exclusively of the people.

The aristocracy of Venice hath admitted so many abuses through the degeneracy of the nobles, that the period of its duration seems to approach. Swift. ARISTOCRAʼTICAL.) adj. [from aristoARISTOCRATICK.cracy.] Relating to aristocracy; including a form of go vernment by the nobles.

Ockham distinguishes, that the papacy, or ecclesiastical monarchy, may be changed in an extraordinary manner, for some time, into an aristocratical form of government. Ayliff. ARISTOCRATICALNESS, n. s. [from aristocratical.] An aristocratical state. Dict. ARITHMANCY. n. s. [from us, number, and paverie, divination.] A foretelling future events by numbers. Dict. ARITHMETICAL.adj. [from arithmetick.] According to the rules or method of arithmetick.

The principles of bodies may be infinitely small, not only beyond all naked or assisted sense, but beyond all arithmetical operation or conception. Grett

The squares of the diameters of these rings, made by any prismatic colour, were in arith metical progression, as in the fifth observation. Newton

ARITHMETICALLY. adv, [from arith

metical. In an arithmetical manner; according to the principles of arithmetick.

Though the fifth part of a xestes being a sim

ple fraction, and arithmetically regular, it is yet no proper part of that measure. Arbuthnot. ARITHMETICIAN. n. s. from arithme tick.] A master of the art of numbers. A man had need be a good arithmetician, to understand this author's works. His description runs on like a multiplication table. Addison. ARITHMETICK. n. s. [agi9u, number, and μiw, to measure.] The science of numbers; the art of computation.

On fair ground I could beat forty of them; But now 't is odds beyond arithmetick.

Shak

The christian religion, according to the apostles arithmetick, hath but these three parts of it; sobriety, justice, religion.

Taylor.

ARK. n. s. [arca, Lat. a chest.} 1. A vessel to swim upon the water, usually applied to that in which Noah was preserved from the universal deluge.

Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without. Genesis.

The one just man alive, by his command, Shall build a wond'rous ark, as thou beheld'st, To save himself and household, from amidst A world devote to universal wreck. 2. The repository of the covenant of God with the Jews.

Milton.

This coffer was of shittim wood, covered with plates or leaves of gold, being two cubits and a half in length, a cubit and a half wide, and a cubit and a half high. It had two rings of gold on each side, through which the staves were put for carrying it. Upon the top of it was a kind of gold crown all around it, and two cherubim were fastened to the cover. It contained the two tables of stone, written by the hand of God. Calmet.

ARM. n. s. [eaɲm, eoɲm, Sax.]

1. The limb which reaches from the shoulder to the hand.

If I have lift up my hand against the fatherless, when I saw my help in the gate, then let mine arm fall from my shoulder-blade, and mine arm be broken from the bone. Job.

Like helpless friends, who view from shore The lab'ring ship, and hear the tempest roar, So stood they with their arms across. Dryden. 2. The bough of a tree.

The trees spread out their arms to shade her face,

But she on elbow lean'd.

Sidney

Where the tall oak his spreading arms entwines, And with the beech a mutual shade combines. Gay. 3. An inlet of water from the sea.

Full in the center of the sacred wood, An arm ariseth of the Stygian flood. Dryden. We have yet seen but an arm of this sea of beauty.

Norris.

4. Power; might. In this sense is used the secular arm, &c.

Cursed be the man that trusteth in man, and maketh flesh his arm, and whose heart departeth from the Lord.

Jeremiah.

O God, thy arm was here! And not to us, but to thy arm alone, Ascribe we all. Shakspeare's Henry v. ARM'S END. 7. s. A phrase taken from boxing, in which the weaker man may overcome the stronger, if he can keep him from closing.

Such a one as can keep him at arm's end, need never wish for a better companion. Sidney. For my sake be comfortable, hold death awhile at the arm's end. Shakspeare.

In the same sense is used arm's length, To ARM. v. a. [armo, Lat.]

1. To furnish with armour of defence, or weapons of offence.

And when Abram heard that hisbrother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan. Genesis. True conscious honour is to feel no sin; He's arm'd without that's innocent within. Pope. 2. To plate with any thing that may add strength.

Their wounded steeds

Yerk out their armed heels at their dead masters. Shakspeare. 3. To furnish; to fit up; as, to arm a loadstone, is to case it with iron.

You must arm your hook with the line in the inside of it. Walton's Angler. Having wasted the callus, I left off those tents and dressed it with others armed with digestives, Wiseman's Surgery.

4. To provide against.

His servant, arm'd against such coverture,
Reported unto all, that he was sure
A noble gentleman of high regard.

Spenser.

To ARM. v. n. To take arms; to be fitted with arms.

him.

Think we king Harry strong; And, princes, look you strongly arm to meet Shakspeare. ARMA'DA. n. s. [Span. a fleet of war.] An armament for sea; a fleet of war. It is often erroneously spelt armado.

In all the mid-earth seas was left no road Wherein the pagan his bold head untwines, Spread was the huge armado wide and broad, From Venice, Genes, and towns which them confines. Fairfax.

So by a roaring tempest on the flood, A whole armado of collected sail Is scatter'd and disjoin'd from fellowship. Shak At length, resolv'd t' assert the wat'ry ball, He in himself did whole armados bring: Him aged seamen might their master call And chose for general, were he not their king, Dryden. ARMADILLO. n. s. [Spanish.] A fourfooted animal of Brasil, as big as a cat, with a snout like a hog, a tail like a lizard, and feet like a hedgehog. He is armed all over with hard scales like armour, whence he takes his name, and retires under them like the tortoise. He lives in holes, or in the water, being of the amphibious kind. His scales are of a bony or cartilaginous substance, but they are easily pierced. This animal hides himself a third part of the year under ground, He feeds upon roots, sugar-canes, fruits, and poultry. When he is caught, he draws up his feet and head to his belly, and rolls himself up in a ball, which the strongest hand cannot open; and he must be brought near the fire before he will shew his nose. His flesh is white, fat, tender, and more delicate than that of a sucking pig. Trevoux. ARMAMENT. n. s. [armamentum, Lat.] A force equipped for war generally used of a naval force,

Well worthy be you of that armory, Wherein you have great glory won this day.

Fairy Queen. ARMOUR. n. s. [armateur, Fr. armatura, Lat.] Defensive arms.

Your friends are up, and buckle on their ar Shakspeare. That they might not go naked among their enemies, the only armour that Christ allows them is prudence and innocence. South. A'AMOUR-BEARER. n. s. [from armour and bear.] He that carries the armour of another.

His armour-bearer first, and next he kill'd His charioteer.

Dryden. ARMPI n. s. [from arm and pit.] The bollow place under the shoulder.

The handles to these gouges are made so long, that the handle may reach under the armpit of the workman. Moxon.

Others hold their plate under their left armpit, the best situation for keeping it warm. Swift. ARMS. n. 3. without a singular number. [arma, Lat.]

1. Weapons of offence, or armour of defence.

Those arms, which Mars before Had giv'n the vanquish'd, now the victor bore.

2. A state of hostility.

Pope.

Sir Edward Courtney, and the haughty prelate, With many more confederates, are in arms. Shak. 3. War in general.

Arms and the man I sing.

Dryden.

AROMA'TICK. adj. [from aroma, Latin, spice.]

1. Spicy.

Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball, And now their odours arm'd against them fly: Some preciously by shatter'd porcelain fall, And some by aromatick splinters die. Dryden, 2. Fragrant; strong scented.

Or quick effluvia darting through the brain, Die of a rose in aromatick pain. Pops. AROMATICKS. 7. 5. Spices.

They were furnished for exchange of their aromaticks, and other proper commodities. Raleigh. AROMATIZATION. n. s. [from aromatize.] The mingling of a due proportion of aromatick spices or drugs with any medicine.

To AROMATIZE, v. a. [from aroma, Lat. spice.]

1.

To scent with spices; to impregnate with spices.

Drink the first cup at supper hot, and half an hour before supper something hot and aroma

tized.

2. To scent; to perfume.

Bacan.

Unto converted Jews no man imputeth this unsavoury odour, as though aromatized by their conversion. Brown.

ARO'SE. The preterit of the verb arise. See

ARISE.

to encompass.

From young Iülus head A lambent flame arose, which gently spread Around his brows, and on his temples fed. Dryd. To AROUSE v. a. [from a and rouse.] 1. To wake from sleep.

How loud howling wolves arouse the jades That drag the tragic melancholy night. Shaks. 2. To raise up; to excite.

But absent, what fantastick woes arous'd Rage in each thought, by restless musing fed, Chill the warm cheek, and blast the bloom of Thomson.

life.

ARO'w. adv. [from a and row.] In a row; with the breasts all bearing against the same line.

Then some green gowns are by the lasses wor In chastest plays, till home they walk arow. Sidney

But with a pace more sober and more slow, And twenty, rank in rank, they rode arow. Dryden. ARO'YNT. adv. [of uncertain etymology, but very ancient use.] Be gone; away: a word of expulsion, or avoiding. Saint Withold footed thrice the wold, He met the night-mare, and her name told, Bid her alight, and her troth plight, And aroynt thee, witch, aroynt thee right. Shakr. ARQUEBUSE. n. s. [Fr. spelt falsely barquebuss.] A hand gun. It seems to have anciently meant much the same as our carabine, or fusee.