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they were brought out of it by Moses, to travel for forty years through a wilderness, living in tents, until they reached the land of Canaan, and there cultivated gardens and vineyards. The vine in England is brought to very great perfection in the green-houses of the wealthy, but it is only those who can afford to build green-houses, that can enjoy this luxury. The gardeners who have the trouble of cultivating the vines rarely taste the fruit. The noblemen and gentlemen to whom those green-houses belong, are probably spending their time at the chase, the race-course, or the gaming-table; while the poor gardeners are" oppressed in their wages," and can hardly obtain a sufficiency of food and clothing for their families, to say nothing of the impossibility, out of a salary of 40 or 50 pounds per annum, of their being able to devote any portion of it to the development of their intellectual faculties. Victor Considérant asserts very justly, that, "As long as the immense majority of occupations are disagreeable, the majority of labourers will not devote themselves to them by pleasure and free will, but by necessity of position, by constraint. Is it not clear that the individuals, or the classes which possess nothing; which have neither capital, nor instruments of labour, nor means to exist; are necessarily, in whatever political system it may be, reduced, by the fact of their destitution, to a state of dependance, and social isolation, which takes, sometimes the name of slavery, sometimes the name of servitude? That is undeniable. Under whatever government it may be, there is no social liberty, and there can be no political liberty, serious and lasting, for classes, of which all the members, under pain of death, themselves and their families, are forced every day, to find a master in another class. Away with all the folly said and written on liberty! The first condition that a being be independent,

is, that he hold, in his own hands, the means of his existence; and that he have within his reach, clothing, food, lodging, and the means of improving his intellectual faculties." *

When industrious Europeans come to Australia, where they may cultivate the vine, without wasting industry, by giving it any protection, but its own leaves, they will find it an occupation so much more agreeable than that of cutting each others throats, that the army will cease to be considered such an honorable profession as it now is; the command love one another, will be found a delightful one to obey; and the profession of Adam, which was to dress and keep a garden, will be the most honorable of all. And if families come out, well supplied with books by the Bible and Tract Societies; the Society for the Diffusion of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge; the cheap works published by Messrs. Chambers; Histories of all countries, &c., &c., the prophecy of Jeremiah will be fulfilled when he says in the same chapter I have above quoted from, relative to the movement from north to south, “Behold the days come, saith the Lord, that I will sow the and the house of Judah, with the seed of man, and with the seed of beast. And it shall come to pass, that like as I have watched over them, to pluck up, and to break down, and to throw down, and to destroy, and to afflict: so will I watch over them to build, and to plant, saith the Lord. In those days they shall say no more, The fathers have eaten a sour grape, and the children's teeth are set on edge. But every one shall die for his own iniquity: every man that eateth the sour grape, his teeth shall be set on edge. Behold the days come, saith the Lord, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with

house of Israel,

* Problémes sur la Destinée sociale par V. Considérant.

the house of Judah; not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers, in the day that I took them by the hand, to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was a husband unto them, saith the Lord: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel: After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law into their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, know the Lord; for they all shall know me from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the Lord; for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more." *

There's a good time coming.

Little children shall not toil,
Under or above the soil,

In the good time coming.

But shall play in healthful fields,

Till limbs and mind grow stronger;
And every one shall read and write,
Wait a little longer.

King Solomon tells us, that one of the most praiseworthy occupations, for a virtuous married woman, is to employ her hands usefully, in order that she may be able to save money to purchase a vineyard.

"Who can find a virtuous woman? for her price is far above rubies. The heart of her husband doth safely trust in her, so that he shall have no need of spoil. She will do him good and not evil, all the days of her life. She seeketh wool and flax, and worketh willingly with her hands. She is like the merchants' ships, she bringeth her food from afar. She riseth also while it is yet night, and

* Jeremiah, xxxi 27-34.

giveth meat to her household, and a portion to her maidens, she considereth a field, and buyeth it; with the fruit of her hands she planteth a vineyard." *

Thus we see how King Solomon teaches women the manner in which they may become possessed of vineyards in Australia, if they will exercise their organs of constructiveness in converting the beautiful wool, silk, and cotton it produces, into saleable articles of clothing; and thus prevent their husbands being obliged, from disappointment in their several trades and professions, from "spoiling" their neighbours by becoming insolvent, as they have, alas! hitherto done here too frequently.

We may also observe that King Solomon does not appear to consider that taking vows of celibacy is the way for a woman to set a virtuous example. On the contrary, he lets us see in some of the following verses, how extended the sphere of a woman's usefulness becomes, when she has children, and a household, to exercise her organs of time and order in regulating : "She girdeth her loins with strength, and strengtheneth her arms. She perceiveth that her merchandise is good; her candle goeth not out by night. She layeth her hands to the spindle, her hands hold the distaff. She stretcheth out her hand to the poor; yea, she reacheth forth her hands to the needy. She is not afraid of the snow for her household; for all her household are clothed with scarlet. She maketh herself coverings of tapestry; her clothing is silk and purple. Her husband is known in the gates, when he sitteth among the elders of the land. She maketh fine linen and selleth it; and delivereth girdles unto the merchant. Strength and honour are her clothing, and she shall rejoice in the time to come. She openeth her mouth

* Proverbs, xxxi. 10-16.

with wisdom, and in her tongue is the law of kindness. She looketh well to the ways of her household, and eateth not the bread of idleness. Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praiseth her. Many daughters have done virtuously, but thou excellest them all. Favour is deceitful, and beauty is vain; but a woman that feareth the Lord, she shall be praised. Give her of the fruit of her hands: and let her own works praise her in the gates."

I am now in the 44th year of my pilgrimage, through this "wicked world," and I have seen much of its "pomps and vanities," aye, and entered into them too; although my venerable God-mother, the late Mrs. Hannah Villiers, (who founded an alms-house in Limerick for widows,) promised and vowed I should not. However I did, and in doing so, I had opportunities of forming friendships with some very delightful women, who were called "old maids;" I have also had the privilege of being acquainted with some very amiable and useful individuals, calling themselves, "Sisters of Charity," who had taken vows of celibacy, and spent their lives in doing good to their fellow-beings. But I have invariably regretted, when I have met with such a "Tree of Righteousness," amongst my own sex, that the race of such an ornament to society was to become extinct, because of bad taste, on the side of men, or mistaken piety on the side of women. If Phrenology were better understood, men with well-formed heads themselves, would select mothers for their children, with equally well developed brains; where they would see so much to admire in the "Crown," of the "Tree of Righteousness," that the face which accompanied it, being pretty or ugly, would be quite immaterial.

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