WISCONSIN. (Term of Office, Five Years.)

Andrew E. Elmore, Fort Howard, President; William W. Reed, M D., Jefferson, Vice-President; Hiram H. Giles, Madison; J. H. Vivian, M.D., Mineral Point; Mrs. E. B. Fairbanks, Milwaukee; Prof. A. O. Wright, Madison, Secretary.

MICHIGAN. (Term of Office, Six Years.)

Rt. Rev. George D. Gillespie, Grand Rapids, Chairman; Charles M. Croswell, Governor, ex officio member, Adrian; E. H. Van Deusen, M. D., Kalamazoo; P. B. Loomis, Jackson; John J. Wheeler, E. Saginaw; W. J. Baxter, Lansing, Secretary.

Willis R. Austin, Norwich, Chairman; Miss H. L. Ripley, Norwich; S. Rutherford McNary, Hartford; Dr. William H. Hotchkiss, New Haven; Mrs. Augusta C. Pease, Hartford, Secretary.

KANSAS. (Term of Office, Three Years.)

Edwin Knowles, Sabetha, Chairman; C. E. Faulkner, Salina, Secretary ; A. T. Sharpe, Ottawa, Treasurer; J. L. Wever, M.D., Leavenworth; Gen. T. T. Taylor, Hutchinson.

[The Massachusetts Prison Commission, as reorganized in 1879, consists of five members who hold office for five years; its Secretary is not a member of the Board. The present members are: Thomas Parsons, Brookline, Chairman; Charles O. Chapin, Springfield; William Roberts, Waltham; Mrs. Mary C. Ware, Boston; Mrs. A. C. Johnson, Boston; Warren F. Spalding, Cambridge, Secretary.

The Connecticut Prison Commission consists of seven members, who hold office for three years. Francis Wayland, New Haven, Chairman.

The Wisconsin State Board of Supervision, established in 1881, consists of five members, who hold office for five years; the present members are: Col. George W. Burchard, Jefferson; Gen. James Bintliff, Lafayette; L. A. Proctor, Milwaukee; Charles Luling, Manitowoc; Charles D. Parker, St. Croix.

The President then delivered the Opening Address (see pp. 4-19), at the close of which the Conference took up the subject assigned to this session,-Insanity.

At the close of the discussion (which will be found on pp. 19-36), the President read an invitation from the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, placing all their facilities at the disposal of the Conference.

On motion of Rev. F. H. Wines, adjourned from 1.45 to 4, P. M. On Monday afternoon the Conference was called to order at 4 o'clock by the President, and the Business Committee, through their Chairman, Hamilton A. Hill, again reported in part as follows, and the report was adopted on motion of Judge Robinson:

In the presentation of reports from the States sending dele

gates, it is recommended that ten minutes be allowed for each State, and when reports are made upon different subjects and at different times, the reports of each State may occupy ten minutes. The time is to be divided among the delegates as they may agree, but it is not to be extended, except by unanimous consent of the Conference. In the debates of the Conference the following rules are recommended by the Committee:

1. Each debater to speak but five minutes, and not to speak twice until all others have had an opportunity to be heard.

2. Each speaker to announce the particular reports or papers which he rises to discuss, and to confine his remarks to those, but with liberty to discuss, successively, more than one of the subjects presented in the papers.

3. All voting upon resolutions, or other business of the Conference, to be confined to its accredited members, whose names will be submitted and printed, with additions day by day.

Boston, July 25, 1881.

HAMILTON A. HILL,
GEORGE S. ROBINSON,
DILLER LUTHER,

G. A. JAMES,

F. B. SANBORN.

Gen. Brinkerhoff, Chairman of the Committee on Organization, reported verbally that the committee were yet divided in the choice of the next place of meeting, hesitating between Madison and Philadelphia, and asked leave to defer their formal report until the next day, which was granted.

Dr. David Rogers, of New York, briefly alluding to the perilous condition of President Garfield, moved the following Resolution, which was unanimously adopted.

"That the Chairman of the National Conference of Charities appoint a committee of five to express the national sentiment of sympathy and our grief upon the attempted assassination of President James A. Garfield."

The Chair subsequently appointed on this committee, David Rogers, M. D., of New York; Rev. J. K. Mason, D. D., of Maine; M. D. Follett, Esq., of Ohio; Mrs. J. L. Beveridge, of Illinois; D. P. Faulds, Esq., of Kentucky.

Gen. R. Brinkerhoff, of Ohio, for the Standing Committee on the Work of Boards of State Charities, made his Report (printed on pp. 37-50.) Reports from States upon this subject were then made by Judge G. S. Robinson for Illinois, Dr. W. H. Leonard for Minnesota, Mrs. Sara A. Spencer and Hon. George A. Caswell for the District of Columbia, and Dr. S. J. Allen for Ver

mont. These reports, with the President's subsequent report for Massachusetts, are printed on pp. 51-57.

The Conference then adjourned to 8, P. M., at which time the President, after calling the meeting to order, gave out several announcements for the following day, and mentioned "Boffin's Bower" as one of the Boston institutions worthy of a visit. Pending the arrival of Judge Robinson, who had a paper assigned for the evening, reports from the States were continued. The President reported on Pauperism in Massachusetts. (See pp. 55-57.) Judge Robinson then read his paper on "The Utility of State Boards," (pp. 58-76) after which the subject was discussed by Prof. Wright, of Wisconsin (pp. 76-78); Hon. W. P. Letchworth, of New York (pp. 78–79); J. G. Rosengarten (p. 78), and Rev. J. L. Milligan (pp. 79–80), of Pennsylvania; Hon. George A. Caswell (pp. 80-81), and Miss Sara A. Spencer (p. 85), of the District of Columbia; Gen. R. Brinkerhoff, of Ohio (pp. 81-83); Judge Robinson, of Illinois (pp. 83-84), and Dr. Pliny Earle, of Massachusetts (pp. 84-85).

Adjourned to 9, A. M., Tuesday, July 26.

SECOND DAY'S SESSION.

The Conference met pursuant to adjournment. The President read a communication from Prof. T. N. Haskell, of Colorado, appointed a delegate from that State, inviting the Conference to hold its next meeting in Colorado; also one from Col. Gardiner Tufts, of the State Primary School, Monson, inviting the Conference to visit that institution.

Additional reports being called for from several States, on the subject of Judge Robinson's paper, Dr. Diller Luther reported for Pennsylvania (pp. 86-88); Dr. Rogers for New York (p. 88), and Prof. A. O. Wright (p. 97), and Hon. H. H. Giles (pp. 97-99), for Wisconsin.

The President then called for some reports on the charities of Boston, and in response papers were read by Mrs. Ednah D. Cheney, one of the managers of the New England Hospital for Women and Children, on the purpose and methods of that institution (pp. 88-90), and later by Mr. W. H. Baldwin, President of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, describing the work of the Union, and giving statistics obtained from prominent business

houses of Boston, in regard to the relation between employers and employés (pp. 90-97).

Dr. Charles E. Cadwalader, of Philadelphia, Chairman of the Standing Committee on Organization of Charities in Cities, then read its general report of that committee (pp. 100-118); which was continued by remarks from Robert Treat Paine, Jr., of Boston (pp. 118-123); a paper by Mrs. James T. Fields, of Boston, on The Constitution and Duties of a District Conference (pp. 124-131); a paper by Mr. Levi L. Barbour, of Detroit, Mich., on Vagrancy (pp. 131-138); and a discussion of the matter by Rev. E. R. Donehoo, of Pittsburg, Pa. (pp. 138-139); Mrs. Susan I. Lesley, of Philadelphia, Pa. (p. 139); Mrs. C. H. Dall, of Washington (p. 140); Rev. William Bradley, of Boston (p. 140); W. H. Neff, of Cincinnati, O. (p. 140), and T. G. Smith, of Buffalo, N. Y. (pp. 192-196.) A paper prepared by Philip C. Garrett, Esq., of Philadelphia, on Effective Charity (pp. 141-143), was also presented. Mr. Seth Low, of Brooklyn, N. Y., followed with a paper on Out-door Relief in the United States (pp. 144-154), and this topic was discussed by Rev. H. C. Duganne, of Lowell, Mass. (pp. 154-156); E. W. Chase, of St. Paul, Minn. (p. 156); Hon. A. E. Elmore, of Wisconsin (p. 156); Dr. Phillip G. Gillette, of Jacksonville, Ill. (p. 156); Dr. C. E. Cadwalader, of Philadelphia (p. 157); Rev. F. H. Wines, of Illinois (pp. 157-8); Dr. Rogers, of New York (p. 158); Rev. C. W. Wendte, of Cincinnati, O. (p. 158); Thomas F. Ring, of Boston (pp. 158-9); Rev. H. R. Cooley, of Cleveland, O. (p. 159), and Mr. Low, of Brooklyn, N. Y. (pp. 159-161). A statement concerning the Boston Wood Yard was given by George Abbott James, of Boston (pp. 161-2). A paper by Sir Charles Trevelyan, of London, Eng., on Improvidence and its Remedies, was submitted to the Conference through its President, and is printed on pp. 163–7.

The Committee on Organization, through the Chairman, Gen. Brinkerhoff, of Ohio, reported in part, that the President of the next Conference should commence his duties at the close of this year's sessions, and hold over until the close of the next Conference, and that the President now in the chair should hold over during the present session. They further recommended that Henry C. Prentiss, M. D., of Massachusetts, be appointed an additional secretary of the Conference. On motion of Mr. Richard

Vaux, of Pennsylvania, the report of the Committee was accepted and adopted. It was announced that the afternoon session would be omitted, to allow members to visit institutions in the vicinity, and at 2.05, P. M. the Conference adjourned until evening.

The Conference was called to order at 8, P. M., by the President, who took occasion briefly to indicate the character of some of the charities of Boston which the Conference were invited to visit,-naming the House of the Good Shepherd (a refuge for unfortunate women and under Catholic management), the North End Diet Kitchen, the Flower and Fruit Mission, the Marcella Street Home (a city institution for the care of poor children), and the Massachusetts Infant Asylum.

Mrs. C. R. Lowell, of New York, introduced the business of the evening by reading a paper entitled Considerations upon a better System of Public Charities and Correction for Cities (pp. 168-185).

Hon. H. H. Giles, of Wisconsin, took the chair, and presided during the discussion upon Mrs. Lowell's paper. Remarks were made by Rev. F. H. Wines, of Illinois (pp. 185-187, and 190191); Mrs. C. H. Dall, of Washington D. C. (p. 187); Dr. James Knight, of New York (pp. 246-249); Mr. Frederick Collins, of Philadelphia (p. 187-8); Col. G. W. Burchard, of Wisconsin (p. 188); Mr. Seth Low, of Brooklyn, N. Y. (p. 188); Mr. Levi L. Barbour, of Detroit, Mich. (p. 189); Mr. F. B. Sanborn, of Mass. (pp. 189-190), and Dr. C. E. Cadwalader, of Philadelphia, Pa. (p. 191).

At 9.50, P. M., the Conference adjourned.

THIRD DAY'S SESSION.

The Conference met at 9, A. M., and on the call for further reports from the States, Rev. J. K. Mason, of Fryeburg, Me., responded for the State of Maine (pp. 205-208); Mr. William Howard Neff, of Cincinnati, for Ohio (pp. 208–211); Mr. P. Caldwell, of Louisville, for Kentucky (pp. 211, 212); and Mr. Willis R. Austin, of Norwich, for Connecticut (pp. 212-214).

At 10, A. M., by assignment, the report of the Committee on Immigration was presented by Dr. Charles S. Hoyt, of New York, Secretary of the Committee, who also made additional verbal statements (pp. 217, 218). The Report was then discussed by