Folate in Health and Disease

abnormalities activity alcoholic antifolate arthritis assay associated bioavailability Biochem blood brush border cancer Cbl deficiency chronic Clin Nutr clinical cobalamin cobalamin deficiency diet dietary folate disease doses drug effect elderly enzyme erythrocyte erythrocyte folate ethanol excretion factor folate absorption folate bioavailability folate concentrations folate conjugase folate deficiency folate intake folate metabolism folate requirements folate status folate-binding proteins folic acid Gregory JF Halsted CH hematological homocysteine homocysteine levels homocystinuria hyperhomocysteinemia increased infants inhibition intestinal lactating leucovorin Lindenbaum liver Low serum folate malabsorption megaloblastic anemia metabolism methionine synthase methotrexate methyl methylmalonic acid milk folate neural tube defects neurological neuropathy ng/ml nmol/liter normal NTDs nutrient nutritional one-carbon oral oxidation pathway pernicious anemia plasma plasma folate plasma homocysteine polyglutamyl folates pregnancy PteGlu reaction red cell folate reductase reported risk serum homocysteine studies synthesis therapy tissue toxicity treatment trial urinary vascular vitamin B12 deficiency women zinc µg/day