Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB
[merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors]

Example.

Find the continued product of 3.902, 597.16, and 0.0314728.

Log.

[blocks in formation]

Here the 2 cancels the + 2, and the 1 carried from the decimal part is set down.

DIVISION BY MEANS OF LOGARITHMS.

S. Find the logarithms of the dividend and the divisor, and subtract the latter from the former; then find the number corresponding to the resulting logarithm, and it will be the quotient required.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small]

Here 1 taken from

2.759267=log. 0.057447, the quotient.

gives 2 for a result. The subtraction, as in this case, is always to be performed in the algebraic way. 9. The operation of division, particularly when combined with that of multiplication, can often be simplified by using the principle of the arithmetical complement.

is the result obtained by subtracting it from 10: it may be written out by commencing at the left hand, and subtracting each figure from 9 until the last significant figure is reached, which must be taken from 10. Thus 8.130456 is the arithmetical complement of 1.869544.

To divide one number by another by means of the arithmetical complement, find the logarithm of the dividend and the arithmetical complement of the logarithm of the divisor; add them together, and diminish the sum by 10; the number corresponding to the resulting logarithm will be the quotient required.

Example.

Multiply 358884 by 5672, and divide the product by 89721.

[blocks in formation]

TO RAISE A NUMBER TO ANY POWER BY MEANS OF LOGA

RITHMS.

10. Find the logarithm of the number, and multiply it by the exponent of the power; then find the number corresponding to the resulting logarithm, and it will be the power required.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]

TO EXTRACT ROOTS BY MEANS OF LOGARITHMS.

11. Find the logarithm of the number, and divide it by the index of the root; then find the number corresponding to the

Example.

Find the cube root of 4,096.

Operation.

Log. 4,096, 3.612360; one-third of this is 1.204120, to which the corresponding number is 16, which is the root sought.

12. When the characteristic is negative, and not divisible by the index, add to it the smallest negative number that will make it divisible, and then prefix the same number, with a plus sign, to the mantissa.

Example.

Find the 4th root of .00000081.

The logarithm of this number is 7.908485, which is equal to 8+1 908485, and one-fourth of this is 2.477121; the number corresponding to this logarithm is .03: hence .03 is the root required.

PLANE TRIGONOMETRY.

III.-VIII.

« AnteriorContinuar »