in the adoption of that conduct which our concurrent judgment may approve. Happy, indeed," continued the resident, himself no mean judge of moral and political merit, "happy would it be for this country, for the Company, and for the Rajah himself, when his eys should be opened, if he possessed the whole authority, and were invested with power to execute all the measures that his wisdom and benevolence would suggest." In reply to this communication, the governor expressed his entire acquiescence in the resident's suggestion, and added, "Such is my opinion of Mr. Swartz's abilities and integrity, that I have recommended to the board that he should be admitted a member of the committee, without any reservation whatever; and my confidence in him is such that I think many advantages may be derived therefrom." In a subsequent part of the same letter, the governor wrote as follows: "Mr. Swartz's idea of prevailing with the Rajah, to give a joint cowle (or engagement) with the Company to the inhabitants, pleases me much. It would give the Company a more immediate right than they ever have had to see justice done agreeably to the terms of the cowle; and I shall be very happy if the measure is found practicable." On being called to the committee as an honorary member, "Mr. Swartz expressed his readiness to give his best opinion and advice, and to be aiding, on all occasions that did not involve violent or coercive proceedings; which, however expedient they might be deemed in the estimation of government or the committee, he considered, nevertheless, as unbecoming the character of his mission. His most zealous endeavors, as they ever had been, so they were now, at the service of the Honorable Company, and happy he should esteem himself if he could be in the least instrumental in producing harmony between the Rajah and the Company, and to see the poor inhabitants of this once flourishing country restored to the undisturbed possession of the fruits of their labor." Having made this declaration, he took his seat in the committee. Not to enter at length into the discussions of the committee upon this important subject, which were highly honorable to every member of it, it will be sufficient to observe, that Mr. Hippisley, in one of his minutes, attributed the reluctance of Mr. Swartz to acquiesce in any coercive measures, to this sacred function, and to his personal friendship for the Rajah, which he thought, to adopt his own expressions, "might revolt his mind against the sterner dictates of civil policy." From the undue influence of these motives, Mr. Hudleston warmly vindicated his friend and coadjutor, observing, that while he left it to Mr. Swartz himself to explain his own views, he could not admit the supposed incompatibility of private friendship with the dictates of sound policy. It would be unjust to the character of this truly wise and benevolent man not to insert the greater part of his own minute upon this occasion: "I confess," he observed, "that my sacred function makes me wish (to speak in the mildest terms) that no coercive methods may be used against the Rajah; but surely that is not the only motive which makes me abhor force; nay, I mentioned in the committee one of a different nature. "The recollection of all that happened before the second siege, the injustice of the nabob against the Rajah, which was removed in a great measure by the restoration and the assurances which were then made to him, gave him a full right to be treated with lenity. By such treatment, which he may justly claim, his mind will not only be preserved in a state of tranquillity, but our neighbors will also observe the sacred regard which we pay to our solemn promises; which may be of greater importance, and ought of course to be of greater force, than the consideration of utility. "My friendly intercourse with the Rajah from his accession, shall never bias me to be regardless of the injustice he has done to his oppressed people.— This I have declared more than once, when I humbly entreated him to have mercy on his subjects; for which plain declaration, I lost, in some degree, his good opinion. "But as the law threateneth the disobedient it shows kindness to those who earnestly begin to fol In pursuance of the suggestion alluded to by Sir Archibald Campbell, Mr. Swartz requested an interview with the Rajah, for the purpose of persuad-low its dictates. ing him to accede to the expedient of adding his cowle to that of the Company, in order to remove the distrust of the inhabitants, and to offer them such security for the redress of their grievances, as would prevail on them to return to the cultivation of the country. In reply to this proposal, the Rajah earnestly deprecated the compromise of his authority by any inteference on the part of the committee of inspection; assured Mr. Swartz that he had actually afforded considerable relief to his people, and that some had returned, to whom he had granted a supply of money and of seed for the cultivation of their land. These expedients, however, were very inadequate to the urgency of the case; and, in consequence, one of the members of the committee of inspection strongly recommended the adoption of some prompt and vigorous measures for the more effectual relief of the people, ahd particularly suggested frequent meetings of the committee, and a general survey of the country. To these proposals Mr. Hudleston and Mr. Swartz were decidedly opposed, upon the broad and generous ground of their unwillingness to take any step which might unnecessarily irritate the Rajah, or infringe upon those principles of justice by which the British government ought upon all occasions to be actuated, and upon that independence which had been solemnly secured to the Rajah on his restoration by Lord Pigot. "This is the case of the Rajah. Whether from good motives or mere fear, certain it is, he has sent to his people such terms as they never before were acquainted with. He has taken off taxes, which were laid on them in his father's time; he has charged his soubadars to publish them, and the inhabitants confess, that if he religiously keeps those promises, they shall be very happy. "As to the two articles of betel and salt, he will no doubt relieve his people very soon. "With respect to the uncultivated fields, we know for certain that many thousand acres lie barren.But this is owing to the small number of inhabitants, which no survey will multiply. "As to a proper survey made by an engineer, il has been made already by Colonel Ross, Major Stevens, Captain D. Good, and Captain Alexander Read; whether they have only begun, or perfectly finished it, I cannot ascertain. Sure I am that it was undertaken, and I was on the spot with the above mentioned gentlemen when they actually were surveying." The result of the preceding discussion in the committee of inspection was the postponement of any coercive measures towards the Rajah, and Mr. Swartz was left to try the effect of renewed applications of a friendly nature. Alarmed by his re * Of Tanjore in 1773. presentations, and fearing lest, after all, the commit- | after informing the Society that the school at Ramatee should take the management of the country into nadapuram was proceeding with tolerable success, their hands, the Rajah at length reluctantly announc- he regrets that the external circumstances of the ed his determination to do full justice to his people. country did not seem favorable to the establishment Rendered suspicious, however, by former experi- of others. "The petty lords of districts," (i, e, ence, they distrusted his promises, and rejected his polygars) he observed, "feel too much oppression; offers. The Rajah then had recourse to the power- but this it is hoped will be removed, and then those ful influence of Swartz himself, and requested him institutions will be admitted without impediment. to assure them, in his own name, of his highness's They would facilitate the connection between the protection. He did so; and such was their confi- Europeans and natives, and would open a door to dence in his integrity, that seven thousand of the the missionaries, who visited them, to converse emigrants returned at once; others soon followed; freely with the principal people of the country, by and upon his reminding them that the best season which means divine knowledge might be conveyed for cultivating the land had nearly elapsed, they re- to the natives in the easiest manner."-Mr. Gericke, plied; "As you have shown kindness to us, we in- he added, was preparing some young persons as intend to work night and day, to manifest our re-structers in these schools, and the same plan was gard for you." The poor people, anticipating better days, exerted themselves with such vigor, that the harvest was more abundant than that of the preceding year. At the close of this letter, Swartz took occasion The governor and council of Madras were so im-to request the Society to receive his young friend pressed with the value of Mr. Swartz's services Mr. Kohlhoff into the number of their missionaries, upon this important occasion, that they resolved on assuring them of his conviction that he would dis granting him a salary of £100 per annum, as inter-charge the duties of that office with integrity; and preter to the Company at Tanjore, with a monthly allowance of twenty pagodas for a palanquin; and the resident was desired, in communicating this resolution, to express "the high sense which the board entertained of Mr. Swartz, and the satisfaction they derived from the hope that his zealous exertions in promoting the prosperity of the Rajah of Tanjore and his country would be crowned with success." "In these transactions," says the excellent missionary, ever intent on the great object of his life, "I had the best opportunities of conversing with the first inhabitants about their everlasting welfare. Many begin to be convinced of the folly of idolatry, and as we have a prospect of seeing this country better managed, that is, with more justice, it is to be hoped that it will have a good effect upon the people." He next adverts to a benevolent institution of a very interesting nature, which the governor's lady was about to establish. pursued in his own school at Tanjore, where several European and native children were learning English for this purpose. concludes by thanking them for the satisfaction with which he had read Dr. White's celebrated Bampton Lectures, a copy of which had been sent to each of the missionaries, praying that God would be pleased to open the eyes of the nations, and that the pious endeavors of the Society might be blessed with abundant success. CHAPTER XV. A. D. 1787 TO A. D. 1789. Ordination of Mr. J. C. Kohlhoff-Adoption of a son by the Rajah of Tanjore-He requests Mr. Swartz to become his guardian, and manager of the country during his minority-He declines, and recommends another plan-The Rajah accedes to it-His deathReference of the succession to Tanjore, to the Governor General— Lord Cornwallis's directions-Sir Archibald Campbell sets aside the adopted son, and places Ameer Sing on the throne-Advice of the Governor to the new Rajah--Committee of Inspection dissolved-Arrival of the Rev. Mr. Brown at Calcutta-Donation of Ameer Sing to the Tanjore mission-Liberal support of provincial schools, by the Court of Directors-Consequent proceedings of the Governor and Council of Fort St. George, and Mr. SwartzQuestion respecting Castes-His conduct with reference to this subject-Congregation at Palamcotta-Letters to Mr. Duffin- Arrival of Mr. Jonicke as a missionary at Taujore-Swartz's character of him-Journey to Madras-Provincial schools-Letters to Mr. Chambers and Mr. and Mrs. Duffin. THE commencement of the year 1787 was marked by an event peculiarly interesting to Mr. Swartz, and productive, from that period to the present, of the most beneficial consequences to the mission at Tanjore. This was the ordination, according to the rites of the Lutheran church, of his young friend, Mr. John Caspar Kohlhoff. The ceremony "As Sir Archibald Campbell," he writes, "showed the kindness of a father to this country, so his lady has acted the part of a mother to the poor female orphans. She has formed a plan, and begun to execute it, for educating poor daughters of soldiers, who have hitherto been miserably neglected, or if educated in private schools, were left without protection, and consequently soon fell into the hands of the destroyers. Lady Campbell's plan has the sanction and protection of government. A subscription has been set on foot, and more than 14,000 pagodas are already collected. The nabob has given a very spacious house which he bought for 8,000 pagodas, for that purpose. Twelve ladies form the committee, and each of them is to inspect a month. Lady Campbell hopes that a similar in-was performed at Tranquebar on the 23d of Janustitution for the education of boys, particularly ary, one of the most solemn days," said the Danish soldiers' sons, will soon be made. Though this ac- brethren, "ever celebrated at that place." On that count is but short and imperfect, yet I am confident day their venerable senior, the Rev. John Balthasar that it will be highly pleasing to the Society. The Kohlhoff, kept the jubilee of his services as a misplan has often been proposed, but never put into ex- sionary, and being compelled to retire from active ecution till now. Every one who takes delight in labor, had the inexpressible pleasure of seeing his the welfare of his fellow-creatures, will praise God eldest son ordained in the mission church, and infor the humane disposition he has put into the heart vested with the holy office of the priesthood. The of Lady Campbell. This is a most comfortable several missionaries, both English and Danish, prosign, and an evidence that God still intends to dwell pounded to the candidate questions in divinity, among us. When the orphans are collected, and which he answered to their great satisfaction, showthings are put into some order, I hope, as her lady-ing how well he had employed his youthful years ship has invited me to be an eye witness, I shall be able to transmit to you a fuller account of this matter." He then notices the provincial schools, which were to be erected upon Mr. Sullivan's plan; and under the tuition of Mr. Swartz. The Danish governor, and all the European families of the settlement, together with a great number of native Christians and heathens, attended the service, and a general awe was conspicuous, particularly during the ordination sermon, which Mr. Swartz preached, age. To the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, who at his request had admitted Mr. Kohlhoff into the number of their missionaries, he communicated some interesting particulars respecting this new associate of his labors. He had been educated by himself, he informed them, from his eighth to his twenty-fifth year; he was truly upright, and had given satisfactory proofs to the English and Tamul congregations, of his sincerity in practising the duties which he had learned from the holy Scriptures. Humble, and content with little, he was willing to instruct others. The New Testament he read in its original language. Latin and Hebrew he had not then studied. The Tamul he spoke fluently, and had preached in it above four years. Portuguese language he also understood. The The Moorish, or Hindoostanee, he knew, and in the Persian he could express himself with tolerable propriety. The English and German languages he spoke with some elegance. He had read prayers in the English congregation above four years, and had occasionally preached. Though but young, he was liked by the English, and sent for by the sick. Such was Swartz's account to the Society, of his young colleague. To Mr. and Mrs. Duffin, who were much attached to him, he mentions him briefly, but touchingly, as follows. "As Mr. Kohlhoff has written to you, I thought Tanjore, March 31st, 1787. to add a line or two. As to his ordination, the sight of the young man and the old father sitting near the altar, melted down my heart, so that I could not refrain from shedding tears. I know you love my young friend, and he has reason to look upon you as a sort of parents. He has now his course to run. May the Spirit of Jesus be his guide and comforter! According to the course of nature, I shall soon leave him and the world. May a gracious God lead me, so that I may not be afraid of passing through the valley of death!" To Mr. Chambers, he wrote more fully on a subject which, on various accounts, so deeply interested him. "MY DEAR FRIEND: 'Tanjore, June 8th, 1787. "Your long and most agreeable letter I received many months ago, and should have answered it before this, had not business and an indolent old age prevented me: for now I must confess that I cannot do business as in former days. However, I bless God that my proper business, viz. that of being a witness to him who died for me, is not a burden, but still my delight and comfort. "Your most friendly letter contains many comfortable proofs of divine Providence watching over you and your welfare, which has rejoiced me much. The righteous shall see it and rejoice; and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.' May you and Mrs. C. daily observe these things'-then shall you 'understand the loving kindness of the Lord.' "As for me, I am also highly obliged to sing of the mercy of the Lord, though I am not worthy of the least of all his divine benefits. ПЕРЕГОН "You know that I took the son of our venerable senior, Mr. Kohlhoff, under my care. From his time catechised in the English and Malabar school. me, I represented his case to the Society, requesting in India, by his affectionate instructer and friend, quainted you with the unspeakable kindness which Mr. Kohlhoff then gives an account of the cere- ful sense of all the benefits which God has bestowed scene about four years, having lived to see his son of his infirmities, which makes him long to be de- | your hand I deliver him." The pious missionary livered from this earthly tabernacle, and to be with replied, "May this child become a child of God!" Christ his dear Redeemer. It is, indeed, a great Here the Rajah, being distressed by his cough, sudexercise of patience to such a person to continue denly terminated the interview; but on the followwaiting in pain and weakness, when he finds that ing day, finding himself a little stronger, he again his active work is done, and thinks himself laid by requested his attendance, and thus resumed the conas a vessel of little more use." versation: "I appoint you guardian to the child: I intend to give him over to your care;" or, literally, to put his hands into yours. It is gratifying to reflect that the humility and diffidence thus expressed by the young missionary were the prelude to a long course of pious and useful labor, which has at length brought him to no great distance from the age of his venerable father, whom he so affectingly mentioned, and which has fully verified the confidence and hope expressed by his admiral tutor and friend at his ordination. During the absence of Swartz, at Tranquebar, on this interesting occasion, an event took place in the court of Tanjore, in consequence of which he was unexpectedly, and most honorably to himself, called to act a prominent part in the political affairs of the country. This, as it occupied much of his time and thoughts during the last ten years of his life, and is as yet but imperfectly understood, it will be important fully to develop; more particularly for the purpose of showing, that while he continued to devote his chief attention to his higher and more immediate duties as a missionary, it proved the occasion of more eminently displaying not only the integrity and disinterestedness, but the wisdom and ability which distinguished his character. The event referred to, was the adoption of a son by the Rajah, as his successor in the kingdom of Tanjore. The domestic calamities of the unhappy Tuljajee have been already noticed; and, according to the custom of his country, he was anxious to select a child from one of the branches of his ancient house, to supply the failure of his own immediate descendants. In this important proceeding, the Rajah, who, as it has been already remarked, was well acquainted with the civil and religious institutions of his country, was careful to observe all the ceremonies requisite to render it legal and valid. This solemn act he announced in the following letter, dated January 26th, 1787, to Sir Archibald Campbell, governor of Madras, as translated by the Mahratta interpreter. "It has been my wish for two or three years past to adopt a son; but as I have had no opportunity of carrying it into execution, it has hitherto been delayed. Having now resolved to choose one out of my near relations, I have fixed upon the son of Shahajee (the son of Soubajee Rajah, my near cousin by lineal descent,) who is ten years old, and proper in all respects. Accordingly, on the 2nd of Rubbisanni, (22nd January,) in consequence of my wishes, I adopted and named him Serfojee Rajah, with all the forms of our religion: this has afforded great relief to my mind. As your excellency is my friend and favorer, I have written a letter to give you this pleasing information. I am firmly convinced that whatever favor and protection I have received from the honorable Company, and from your excellency, will hereafter be continued to my child Serfojee, without deviation. I and my country have no resource but in your excellency: I rely on you with the greatest confidence. All other information will be communicated to your excellency by my vakeel. "To a friend, why should I write more ?" A day or two after despatching the preceding letter, the Rajah sent for Mr. Swartz, and, on his arrival, addressed him in the following brief but emphatic manner. Pointing to his newly-adopted child, he said, "This is not my son, but yours; into So unexpected and flattering a charge might have proved a temptation to a man of greater ambition and less disinterestedness than Swartz; but he immediately replied, "You know, Rajah, that I have always been willing to serve you, as far as I could; but this, your last request, is beyond my power. You have adopted this child, and you now leave him without a guardian, without a support, like a garden without a fence. I am afraid that by so doing, you would not consult the happiness of the child, or the welfare of your country. You know there are competitors and parties in the palace, who aspire to the government. Cabals and animosities will ensue more than you may think of. These will endanger the life of the boy, and involve the kingdom in confusion. As for me, I must disclaim all guardianship, for this reason: because, waiving all other considerations, it would be impossible for me to take care of him. I may, perhaps, see him once or twice in a month, and may give him my best advice; but what poor guardianship would this be! You will be pleased to adopt some other plan."The Rajah asked, "What method do you propose?" Swartz answered, "You have a brother,-deliver the child to him; charge him to educate and treat him as his own son, till he is grown up. Thus his health and life may be preserved, and the welfare of the country may be secured." To this suggestion, the Rajah at first objected; but afterwards said, "Well, I will consider all that you have urged And so," adds the missionary, "I left him." The objection thus alluded to on the part of Tuljajee, was a doubt as to the legitimacy of his brother, who was, in fact, the son of a concubine, and with whom he had never been on friendly and cordial terms. In the course, however, of the evening after the preceding conversation, the Rajah's mother visited him, and earnestly interceded in behalf of Rama Swamey, afterwards called Ameer Sing. This, combined with the advice of Swartz, determined Tuljajee to adopt the plan proposed. He accordingly sent for his brother, delivered his adopted son into his hands, desired him to be his guardian, and earnestly commended him to his care and affection. He then ordered a dress for his brother, and requested him to be kind to all his old servants, and to continue them in their offices. The Rajah's mother and the principal people of the palace were present at this interview, and expressed their joy and satisfaction at the arrangement which had been made. The next morning the Rajah, who was rapidly sinking, requested the attendance of the resident, Mr. Hudleston, Colonel Stuart, the commander of the garrison, and Mr. Swartz. They were conducted to a small pavilion, near the apartment in which the Rajah was lying, and were there introduced to his brother and his adopted son, who were sitting together surrounded by his principal servants. The dying prince then sent the following message to them. After stating that, in compliance with the It is evident, from his subsequent conduct, that this rejection of the guardianship of Serfojee related chiefly to the government of the country during his minority, and not to that of his person and education; in which we shall soon find Mr. Swartz interesting himself, and of which he was recognised by the Madras government as the guardian. inspect the state of the country, and not to leave the whole administration to his servants. "He hopes," he added, "to be confirmed by the governor-general, according to the last will of his brother. If so, certainly he will not hinder the progress of the Christian religion, but, at least externally, further it." suggestions of Mr. Swartz, he had appointed Ameer | father to the people, to alleviate their burdens, to Sing to be the guardian of the child, and regent of the country, till he should be capable of succeeding to the throne, he expressed his desire that the honorable Company would consider these two persons as the nearest and dearest to him in the world, and would support them in the government of the country, according to their solemn promise to maintain him and his heirs on the throne, as long as the sun and the moon should endure. He then said, that as he looked upon the resident and Mr. Swartz as faithful, he requested them to give him their assurance that they would communicate his wishes to government, and expressed his hope that the Company would confirm this his last will, and continue to his brother and adopted son the same kindness which they had shown to himself. Mr. Hudleston having promised to transmit a faithful account of all that had passed, the Rajah replied, "This assurance comforts me in my last hours!" Mr. Swartz, as well as the resident, communicated to Sir Archibald Campbell a narrative of this interesting transaction, and at the close of his letter, took occasion to offer the following important suggestion to the governor. These are the most material things which I thought necessary to lay before you. One word I beg leave to add; viz. that whatever salutary regulations for the welfare of the country and the administration of justice ought to be made, might now be introduced with great ease, as the Rajah's brother would cheerfully consent to all that might be proposed by you, honorable Sir; so that the welfare of the country might now be grounded upon a solid basis. "My wish has been, and always shall be, that your government may prove the greatest blessing to this country." Now, within a few days," said Swartz, in a letter to two of his friends, "it will appear what government intend to do;" adding, with his constant endeavor to improve every incident to a spiritual purpose, "May you both be 'kings and priests before God!" (Rev. v. 10.) On the death of Tuljajee, the nabob of the Carnatic took the opportunity of urging his claim to the government of Tanjore; but this, having been maturely considered and declared invalid many years before, was at once rejected by Lord Cornwallis. The friends, however, of Ameer Sing, were by no means contented that he should retain merely the character of regent, and guardian to the adopted son of the late Rajah, but appear to have made strong representations to Sir Archibald Campbell on the injustice of excluding him from the immediate succession to the throne. These being transmitted to Lord Cornwallis, made a considerable impression upon his mind in favor of Ameer Sing; but in a minute in council upon this subject, it is well observed, that, however contrary to our ideas of natural justice the disposition made by Tuljajee might be, still if it were conformable to the laws of the Hindoos, and accorded with their opinions and prejudices, no arguments of this kind should prevail upon the governor-general to alter it. It was also insinuated, that at the time of the adoption of Serfojee by the late Rajab, his mind was so much weakened by disease, and influenced by some of those around him, that he could scarcely be considered competent to the performance of so important an act. These representations induced Lord Cornwallis to send instructions to the government of Madras, to inquire whether the pundits and principal people of Tanjore considered the succession, under the circumstances of the adoption, and the rights of the brother, as conformable to the laws and religion of the Hindoos, or in any manner opposed to them. Supposing the reply to such an inquiry to be in the affirmative, the adopted son was to be confirmed in the succession, and to be supported by the Madras government: if otherwise, Ameer Sing was to be raised to the musnud, and to be equally supported by the British authority. If the case should appear doubtful, and no sufficient test should be offered for the determination of the points in question, the governor-general stated that he should not hesitate, on the ground of his superior natural rights, to decide in favor of Ameer Sing. It is important to observe, that in entering into this discussion, the Bengal government had no interested motive, but was solely influenced by a desire to prove that their proceedings were regulated by strict justice, and an impartial regard to the rights of the Hindoo princes. Two days after the affecting scene just described, the Rajah, Tuljajee, who, from the commencement of their intercourse, and amidst all his errors and irregularities, had treated Swartz with unvarying respect and kindness, expired. His obsequies appear to have been conducted with due pomp, but without any tumult. The body of the Rajah was burned; but no female was immolated on the funeral pile, a circumstance of which Sir Archibald Campbell, much to his honor, at a period when the subject had excited but little attention, availed himself, to urge upon his successor the prohibition of a custom "distressing" as he justly observed, "to the `feelings of humanity, and only serving to enrich the priests, by means of the jewels of the women who In pursuance of these instructions, Sir Archibald are thus cruelly and untimely sent out of the world." Campbell proceeded in the month of April to TanThe committee of inspection, by order of the go-jore, and convened twelve pundits, to whom certain vernor and council of Madras, took the necessary measures for preserving the tranquillity of the country. In conjunction with Ameer Sing, who was considered as regent during the minority of Serfojee, they were directed to maintain the government of Tanjore as administered by the late Rajah, until further instructions should be received from the governor-general of Bengal; and on the day following the funeral of the Rajah, the military force which had been assembled, in order to prevent disturbance, was, at the suggestion of Mr. Swartz, withdrawn from the vicinity of the palace. In communicating to the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge the preceding events, he informed them that Ameer Sing promised to be a questions concerning the adoption of Serfojee, and the right of Ameer Sing to the throne, were proposed. The members of the committee of inspec tion were requested to attend at their deliberations, and Mr. Swartz to act as interpreter. Though there can be no doubt that Sir Archibald Campbell was sincerely desirous of ascertaining the truth, subsequent investigations and events clearly prove that sufficient precaution was not used to guard against the undue influence of Ameer Sing and his party, in biassing the minds of the pundits upon this occasion; and it unfortunately happened, that though Mr. Swartz was fully competent to interpret their language, he was at that time not so intimately acquainted with the doctrine |