An Oration, concerning travelling in one's own Country, by Dr. Linnæus, Page 1. The Occonomy of Nature, by Ifaac Biberg, 31. Of the Foliation of Trees, by Harold Barck, 100. Of the Ufe of Curiofity, by Chriftopher Gedner, 128. Obacles to the Improvement of Phyfic, by G. Beyerftein, 163. The Swedish Pan, by Nicholas Haffelgren, 185. Obfervations on Groes, by the Transla tor, 202. Appendix, 219. This Work is dedicated to the Rt. Honourable George, Lord Lyttleton, Baron of Frankley. The Preface to this Work confifts of 20 Pages; wherein the Author gives a particular Account of the feveral Parts whereof it conûlts, and of which the first Paragraph will enable the Reader to form fome Idea. He fays, "The following Pieces were felected from many others, published by feveral in genious Members of that great, and hitherto unrivalled School of Natural Hiftory, the University of Upfal, in Sweden, under the Prefidence of Linnæus. They were felected, not as the only, or even the most valuable, but as answering beft the Intention of the Tranflator, which was to make known more generally how far all Mankind is concerned in the Study of Natural Hiftory, and thereby to incite fuch as are properly qualified to profecute and encourage that Branch of Knowledge, and spread, as far as the Nature of the Thing is capable of, amongst all Orders of Men in this Nation, the Improvements made in it by the excellent Linnæus. It would be too tedious to give Specimens of each of thofe Parts: We muft, therefore, content ourselves with an ib tract from the Oeconomy of Nature, by Ifaac Biberg, Sect. 2. Page 33. The World, or Terraqueous Globe, which we inhabit, is every where furround. ed with Elements, and contains, in its Superficies, the three Kingdoms of Nature, as they are called. The Fofil, which conftitutes the Cruft of the Earth; the Vegetable, which adorns the Face of it, and draws the greatest Part of its Nourishment from the Fol Kingdom; and the Animal, which is fuftained by the Vegetable Kingdom. Thus these three Kingdoms cover and adorn, and vary the Superficies of our Earth. As to the Strata of the Earth and Mountains, as far as we have hitherto been able to discover, the upper Parts confift of Ragftone ; the next of the Slate; and laftly, the lower of Free-ftone. The habitable Part of the Earth, tho' it be scooped into various Inequalities, yet is every where high, in Comparifon with the Water; and the farther it is from the Sea, it is generally higher. Thus the Waters in the lower Places are not at Reft, unlefs fome Obftacle confines them, and by that Means forms Lakes and Marshes. The Sea furrounds the Continent, and takes up the greatest Part of the Earth's Superficies, as Geography informs us. Nay, that it once fpread over much the greatest Part, we may be convinced by its yearly Decrease; by the Rubbish left by the Tides ; by Shells, Strata, and other Circumstances, &c. &c. V. A Catalogue of the Harleian Collection of Manufcripts, purchafed by Authority of Parliament, for the Ufe of the Public, and preferved in the British Mufæum; published by Order of the Trustees. London; printed by Dryden Leach, and fold by L. Davis, 1759. Price 21. 105. This Work is printed in two Volumes in Folio. To this Work is prefixed an Advertisement to the Reader, viz. The following Catalogue was drawn up at different Times, and by different Perfons. It was begun in the Year 1708, by the learned Mr. Wanley, who was Librarian to Robert and Edward, fucceffively Earls of Oxford, and appears from feveral Entries in various Parts of his ManuscriptWork, to have been employed herein 'till his Death, 1726. From that Time this useful Work feems to have been laid afide, 'till about the Year 1733, when it was refumed where Mr. Wanley had left off, at Number 2408, by the late Mr. Cafley, Keeper of the Cot tonian Library, and well known to the learned World by his Catalogue of the Royal Manufcripts. In about the Space of three Years, Mr. Coley continued the Catalogue to N° 5709. In June, 1741, died Edward, Earl of Oxford, the great Enlarger of this Collec tion of Manufcripts, and foon after, his Lordship's Trustees ordered the Catalogue thereof to be taken up, a third Time, by Mr. Hocker, the prefent Deputy-keeper of the Records in the Tower, who, in lefs than two Years, compleated it, as far as Number 7355, and what remained has been lately added by the Librarians belonging to th.s this particular Department of the British Museum. It is proper to obferve, in Juftice to Mr. Caley and Mr. Hocker, that the Circumftances, under which they drew up their refpective Parts, did not allow them the Time neceffary to compleat the Catalogue upon fo extenfive a Plan, as that of Mr. Wanley, whofe Part of the Work contains an Abstract of most of the Hiftorical Manufcripts, and a Critical Account of many of the reft. It wore to be wifhed, that the prefent Publication could have been accompanied with an Index, bat as that would neceffarily require a confiderable Time, the Trustees judged it proper not to deprive the Public of fo useful and defirable a Work, till the Index could be conveniently compiled ; which together with a Preface, will be printed with all convenient Expedition. N. B. The Numbers before-mentioned relate to the Claffes, Cafes, Shelves, &c. in which they are depofited; in all 7618. VI. A Treatife of Captures in War; by Richard Lee, Esq. London, printed for W. Sandby in Fleet freet, 1759. Price 4s. This Work is printed in Octavo, and contains 264 Pages; to which is prefixed a Dedication to the Right Honourable the Earl of Granville, Lord President of his Majefty's most honourable Privy Council, and Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter. This Work is divided into 20 Chapters, the Contents of which are as follow. Chap. 1. War, what it is, p. 1. -2. Whether a public Declaration is neceffary to render a War lawful, 13. 3. Of Reprifals, 40. -4. Of the Nature of War between Enemies, &c. 51. -5. When moveable Goods, and particularly Ships belonging to the Enemy, become the Property of the Captures, 72. -6. When they may be given up to the Recapters, 86. 6. How far the Poffeffion of immoveable Goods, gained in War, may be extended, 101. -8. Whether Actions and Credits of the Enemy, found amongst us, when War is begun, may be justly confifcated; and whether we have a Right to incorporeal Things taken in War, 111. -9. Whether we may go to, or puriue an Enemy, in the Part, or Territory of a Friend, 12.. Chap. 1o. Of the State of War as to Neutrals, 135. 11. Of thofe Things that may not be carried to the Enemy of our Friends, 154. -12. Whether it is lawful to carry any Thing to Cities, Ports, &c. when befieged, 169. -13. Whether lawful Goods are forfeited by Means of unlawful, 179. -14. Of the Goods of Friends, found in the Ships of Enemies, 189. -15. Of the Goods of Enemies, found in the Ships of Friends, 197. -16. Of the Right of Poftliminy, Sect. 2. Contributions towards Loffes. - 3. Loan on Conquered Lands. 4. Hoftages, 256. As a Specimen of the Author's Stile and Manner of treating thofe Subjects, we shall give an Abstract from Chap. 18, of the Method of trying Prizes taken in War, &c. Page 239. Before the Ship, or Goods can be disposed of by the Capture, there must be a regular, judicial Proceeding, wherein both Parties may be heard, and Condemnation thereupon as Prizes in a Court of Admiralty, judging by the Law of Nature and Treaties. The proper and regular Court for those Condemnations is the Court of that State to whom the Capture belongs. The Evidence to acquit or condemn without Cofts, or Damages, muft, in the first Inftance, come merely from the Ship taken, viz. the Papers on board, and the Examination on Oath of the Mafter and other principal Officers, for which Purpose there are Officers of Admiralty in all the confiderable Sea -ports of every maritime Power at War, to examine the Captains and other principal Officers, of every Ship brought in as a Prize, upon general and impartial Interrogatories: If there does not appear from thence Ground to condemn, as Enemies Property, or contraband Goods going to the Enemy, there must be an Acquittal, unlefs from the aforefaid Evidence, the Property fhall appear fo doubtful, that it is reafonable to go into farther Proof thereof. A A Claim of Ship, or Goods, must be fup. ported by the Oath of Somebody at least, as to Belief. The Law of Nations requires good Faith, therefore every Ship must be provided with compleat and genuine Papers, and the Mafter, at least, fhould be privy to the Truth of the Tranfaction, to enforce thefe Rules. He proceeds to confider the Cafe of falfe, or colourable Papers, &c. VII. The Hifory of England, under the House of Tuder, comprehending the Reigns of King Henry VII. King Henry VIII. King Edward VI. Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth. By David Hume, Efq; in 2 Vols. London; printed for A. Millar, in the Strand, 1759. Price 148. This Work is printed in 4to, and confifts of 739 Pages. Vol. I. contains 402 Pages, and includes in it, the Life of King Den y VII. divided into 3 Chapters, to Page 67. K. Henry VIII. in 7 Chapters, 286. The Contents of each Chapter are prefixed to the Hiftory, but are too large to be inferted in this Place. Vol. I. begins at Page 403, and ends at 739, including in it the Rittory of Queen Elizabeth, divided into 7 Chapters, the par ticular Contents of each are prefixed to the Hiftory. As there is no Preface, or Introduction to this Work, we thall give a Specimen of the Author's Stile, Genius and Oeconomy in the Profecution of it, by an Abstract from the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, Chap. 7. Page 731. Queen Elizabeth, fenfible how much the Defence of her Kingdoms depended on its naval Power, was defirous to encourage Commerce and Navigation; but as her Monopolies tended to extinguifh all domeftic Industry, which is much more valuable than foreign Trade, and is the Foundation of it, the general Train of her Conduct, was very ill-calculated to ferve the urpofe at which the aimed, much lefs to promote the Riches of her People. The exclufive Companies alfo were an immediate Check on foreign Trade; yet, notwithstanding thefe Difcouragements, the Spirit of the Age was frongly bent on naval Enterprifes; and befides the military Expeditions against the Spaniards, many Attempts were made for new Discoveries, and many new Branches of foreign Commerce were opened by the English. Sir Martin Ferbijher undertook three fruitlefs Voyages, to difcover the North-weft Paffage: Davis not disheartened by this ill Succefs, made a new Attempt, when he difcovered the Streights, which pafs by his Name. In 1600, the Queen granted the first Patent to the Eaft-India Company. The Stock of thatCompany was 72,000l. and they fitted out four Ships, under the Command of James Lancaster, for this new Branch of Trade; the Adventure was successful, and the Ships returning with a rich Cargo encouraged the Company to continue that Commerce. VIII. Tracts in Divinity, &c. &c. in 3 Vols. by W. Hawkins, M. A. Relor of Little Catterton in Rurlandshire, late Poetry Profeffor in the University of Oxford, and Fellow of Pembroke College. Oxford; printed by W. Jackson, and fold by R. Dodley, J. Rivington, and W. Owen, 1759, 8vo. Price 15s. Vol. I. This Volume contains 419 Pages, including the Introduction. It is inferibed to the University of Oxford, and a List of Subfcribers in 27 Pages. The Subjects of this Volume are entitled, A rational Enquiry into the fpeculative and pratical Principles of the Chriftian Religion, from Page 1, to 256. There is no Index, or Table of Contents; but in the Introduction, the Author points out his Defign more particularly, under the following Heads. 1. To make a rational Enquiry into the moft fundamental Articles of our Religion, upon a Scripture-foundation. 2. To take a View of Chriftianity as a practical Syftem, with an Eye especially to fuch Doctrines, as have moft perplexed the Understandings of Men, or diflurbed their Confciences. 3. To examine other religious Matters, relative to Church-polity, and ecclefiaftical Government. We shall felect a Paffage, under the last mentioned Particular, Page 227, as a Specimen of this Work, as follows. It behoveth all thofe then, who dissent from the cftablifhed Church, feriously to confider, that Agreement and Unity in religious Sentiment, and Uniformity of public Worship, are highly defirable in themfelves; that mere Doubts, Scruples and Conceits are, without Reluctance, to be parted with, for the Sake of them; that in all Societies and legal Governments whatfoever, an implicit Deference and Submiffion is, and ought to be in many Instances, paid to Acts of Power, and the Appoint ments ments of Authority: That though the Church of England be not therefore a true Church, because it is established; yet that legal Eftablishment is, at least, a prefumptive Argument in its Favour: That Obedience and Conformity to the Establishment may, as fuch, be more easily proved to be a rightful Duty, than Separation and Nonconformity can be demonstrated not to be fchifmatical and finful in itself. That, though no Chriftian ought to comply with any human Institution against his Confcience, (for whatfoever is not of Faith is Sin) yet in the Cafe before us, a Man ought to be fully affured, that it is his Confcience that cannot comply; that the Question is not, Whether he can confcientiously diffent from; but, Whether he cannot confcientioufly fubmit to the eftablished Church? The other Part of this Vol. is a Review of a Book entituled, "A free and candid Examination of the Principles advanced, in the Right Rev, the Lord Bishop of London's very elegant Sermons, lately published, and in his very ingenious Difcourfes on Prophecy, wherein the commonly received Syftem, concerning the Nature of the Jewish and Chriftian Difpenfations is particularly confidered; with occafional Obfervations on fome late Explanation of the Doctrines therein contained, by the Author of the Cri tical Enquiry into the Opinions and Prac tice of the antient Philofophers, &c. There is a fhort Preface to this Work; but the more comprehensive View of the Author's Defign may be gathered from the former Part of his firft Chapter, which we fhall therefore infert, Page 263. The fecond Volume confifts of 442 Pages, and contains Dramatic and other Poems, Letters, Effays, &c. to which is prefixed, a Dedication to the Rt. Hon. George Henry, Earl of Litchfield. The Parts whereof it confifts are, 5. Paraphrafe on the Te Deum, 258. 6. An Effay on the antient and modern Drama, 316. 7. Letters on Ditto, 442. The third Volume is entituled, Prælectiones Poetica, in Scholâ Naturalis Philofophia, Oxon. babitæ. - This Volume confifts of 399 Pages, to which is prefixed a Dedication. Honoratiffno viro Carolo, Comiti de Arran, &c. Summe Academia Oxonienfis Cancellario. The first Chapter of the Examiner undertakes to fhew, that the commonly received Syftem, concerning the Natures of the two Difpenfations, as far as refpects a future State, is inconfiftent with the History of the Old Teftament, and with the Doctrine of the New -Now, I fhall endeavour to prove from Reason and Scripture, that the main Force of the Argument in this, and in a great Measure in the following Chapters, will be easily evaded, by point. ing out the capital Mistakes on which they are founded.. ft, The confining and reftraining the Miftery of the Gospel to the Doctrine of the Refurrection.- -2dly, The confounding the Idea of Redemption by Christ, with that of a future State.――― adly, The blending together the rigorous Conditions of the Law, with the Hope of Immortality, 4thly, The confounding Expreffions relative to the whole Doctrine and Religion of Chrift, with thofe relative to the Doctrine of a Refurrection, or future State, IX. A Voyage so Senegal, the Isle of Gorce, and the River Gambia, by M. Adanfon, Correspondent of the Royal Academy of Sciences: Tranflated from the French, with Notes, by an English Gentleman who refidid fome Time in that Country. London, printed for 7. Nourfe, 1759. Price 5s. This Work is printed in 8vo, and contains 338 Pages, befides a Preface by the Tranflator to the Reader, giving a general Account of the History; at the Conclufion of which, he give us an Extra& from the Registers of the Royal Academy of Sciences, Dec. 4, 1756, which we fhall infert, as follows: Meffieurs de Reaumur and de Juffieu Junr. having been appointed to examine a Work, written by M. Adanfon, Correspondent of the Academy, and intituled, A Voyage to Senegal, &c. performed during the Years 1749, 1750, 1751, 1752, 1753, &c. and having made their Report, the Academy is of Opinion, that the ingenious Notions, exact Descriptions, and judicious Obfervations of the Author, afford Reason to believe, that his Work will be acceptable to the Public, and deferves the Approbation of the Academy. In Witness hereof I have figned the prefent Certificate. Paris, Dec., the 4th, 1756. Grand Jean de Fonchy, perpetual Secretary of the Royal Academy of Sciences. There is alfo a Map of the Inland of Sexe gal prefixed to the Work,- -but no Index, or Table of Contents. It is one con tinued Hiftory; the numerous Parts of which it contits are fpecified in the Mar gin. gin. We fhall endeavour to give our Readers a juft Idea of the Author's Stile and Manner of executing this Work, from a few of the Paragraphs we may think the moft acceptable to them.- "Senegal,. he fays, is fituated within three Leagues of the English Island; it is the chief Settlement of Senegal, and the Refidence of the Director General.-The Inland of Sor is the first Land that offers itfelf on the Eastern Bank of the River, oppofite the Isle of Senegal.The Soil is fandy, but of furprifing Fertility.- -The Hills covered with white and red Gum Trees, p. 54. "Which Way foever I turned my Eyes on this pleasant Spot, I beheld a perfect Image of pure Nature: An agreeable Solitude, bounded on every Side by a charming Landskip; the rural Situation of Cottages in the Midft of Trees; the Eafe and Indolence of the Negroes, reclined under the Shade of their (preading Foliage; the Simplicity of their Drefs and Manners; the Whole revived in my Mind, the Idea of our firft Parents, and I feemed to contemplate the World in its primeval State, p. 83. The Fort of Podor is built on the South Bank of the River Niger, on a Spot heretofore covered with Wood; but the great Quantity which the French have cut down for upwards of ten Years, that they have been fettled there, has removed the Forest farther back to the Distance of a small half League, Here are most beautiful Tamarifks, Red Gum-Trees, and feveral other Sorts of thorny Acacias, the Wood of which is extremely hard, and in the Colour and Beauty of its Veins, not unlike those which we use in inlaid Work. The Button-tree, of a very different Species from that of A merica, grows here very common. The Eafe with which this Tree receives the Tool, and its fine Yellow, render it preferable to all other Sorts of Wood in Joiner's Work. It is known among the Negroes by the Name of Khofs. The rich Soil of this Country is a great Encouragement to Gardening. And indeed, the French have planted feveral which thrive amazingly, fuch as Orange, Citron, Lemon, Fig, and Pomegranatetrees, befides Guavas, Ananas, Papaws, and Sour-fops, and a Species of Cashewnut, which paffeth for one of the beft Fruit-trees that grow in hot Countries. The different Ligumes in Europe thrive here in great Perfection. They have plenty of. Potoes which multiply greatly in wet marthy Lands, where they have been once planted. This Root ferves them instead of Cheft nuts, which it greatly excels in Goodness and Delicacy of Tafte. The Acidity of the other Fruits furnishes them with a Juice, more fuited to the Inhabitants of a warm Climate." The following Books were omitted in the preceding Account. Natural History of Cornwall, by William Borlafe, in Folio. Price 11. 35. in Sheets. Sandby. Hiftorical Law Tracts, in 2 Vols. 8vo. 9s. bound, for A. Millar. Satires of Ariofto, 2s. 6d. Millar. PAMPHLETS. Plain Reasons for removing a certain great Man from his My's Prefence and Councils for ever, 1s. M. Cooper. A Letter to the Dutch Merchants in England, 1s. Griffiths. An Enquiry into the Caufes of the Alienation of the Delaware and Shawanese Indians, from the British Intereft, &c. &c. 25. Wilkie. State of the British Sugar Colony Trade, 18. Payne. The English Pericles, or four Qualifica tions neceffary to make a true Statesman. Exemplified in the Character and Conduct of Mr. Secretary, Pitt, 6d. G. Woodfall. A Difcourfe on the Conduct of the Government of Great Britain, in respect to neutral Nations, 2s. 6d. Griffith. The Simile, 6d. M. Cooper. The Guardian, a new Comedy of two Acts, Is. Newbery. Cymbeline, a Tragedy, altered from ShakeSpear, by W. Harkins, M. A. Another, by Mr. Marjb. The honeft Grief of a Tory, 15. J. A. in the Strand. |