most earnest to inculcate, wear the forms of unaffected philanthropy, and enlarged benevolence."

The observations upon this interesting letter of the unfortunate Lewis XVI. will give our readers an idea of the general tendency of Miss Williams's remarks; -we could have wished to have had the original work without such accompaniments.

find it formed, not of the people who have questioned this high character of Mr. Pitt, or opposed his measures, but of his most intimate friends, and most hyperbolical panegyrists. What then are we to suppose but that Mr. Pitt, who, in the opinion of all these persons, is alone fit to save the country in the present conjuncture of terrible circumstances, is still the directing agent, and that the people who at preA Brief Answer to a few Cursory Remarks on the Present appear to act, are only the instruments of his sent State of Parties. By a Near Observer, Sco. "heaven-born mind." The account was still not The pamphlet to which this professes to be an complete till conjectures were made respecting the answer has excited attention, not on account of any cause of this change of figures from the fore-ground merit which it possesses, either in respect of stile, or to the back-ground, and the contrary. Two were deep political views; for, in truth, it possesses very the chief. First, the people said, Mr. Pitt's word little; but on account of the light which it seemed was pledged to the catholics of Ireland to obtain their to throw on some parts of the conduct of the members emancipation, in consequence of their assenting to of the late administration; a light which certainly did his project of union; he is now either unwilling, or not disclose any new virtues, but vices of no ordi- unable to relieve his word; he has put these pecnary magnitude. Of this pamphlet the persons ple, his own creatures, into the places of himself, against whom its imputations are directed, have not and his colleagues, till the time of accomplishing his taken any notice, and probably will not deign to take promise to the Irish shall slip over, and afterwards he any. But several of the inferior people connected and they will come back to their old situations. with them have given indications of their sensibility. Others said that the war was the cause of the resignaThe pamphlet whose title we have transcribed above, tion; that the people were tired of a war, the object disclaims any pretensions to secret history, and pro- of which was too refined, or too unjust to engage poses to refute the allegations of the Near Observer, their zeal; that Mr. Pitt's language and conduct had only by their own internal inconsistency, and the been so foul, and so intemperate as placed great obknown conduct, and character of the persons accused.structions in the way of a pacification; that peace, The Near Observer represents the period at which the late ministers withdrew from their offices, as one of peculiar trial, and difficulty; the acceptance of these offices therefore by the present ministers as a proof of self-denial, courage, and patriotism, rather than that of vanity or ambition. Our answerer is very indignant at the insinuation of fear against the former ministers. He says the nation heard of their resignation with terror, and sorrow; and all of them said, "Mr. Addington may be a very good sort of a man, but where has he learned to be a minister?"

however, was become necessary to content the people; and that Mr. Pitt had only retired till this object should be accomplished.

In whatever degree either or both of these causes influenced the resignations, it appeared, upon the publication of the preliminaries of peace, that there was no such intimate union between the old and new administration as had at first been supposed. From gentle and reserved criticisms on individual actions of the new administration, the greater number of the members of the old administration have proceeded by gradual steps to a direct opposition to all the measures, and a most unrestrained abuse of the characters of the new ministers. Mr. Pitt has been more slow and

it is now understood that the two administrations are fairly posted against each other.

As for the opinion entertained at that time of Mr. Addington's abilities, he had been so bepraised by Mr. Pitt's adherents, and so admired, as being the bosom friend of that minister, that it was generally thought, if there was a man, after Mr. Pitt, fit for the situation of prime minister, it was Mr. Addignton."

We believe we can give a juster account of the sentiments of the nation at that time, than has been given either by the Near Observer or his answerer. They said, what, in the name of politics, or patriot-moderate in his progress from friendly to hostile. But ism, or folly, or knavery, is the meaning of all this? We have had it pealed in our ears, for heaven knows how long! that our country was in a state of unparallelled, and terrifying danger; we have consented to the suspension of our most sacred laws, and the expenditure of oceans of our blood, and treasure; we have been told we had a man granted us by heaven, to save us in this crisis; and we have heard it said a thousand times in his presence that he alone was fit to save us; our difficulties, if not encreased, cannot be said to be lessened; yet at such a moment, this man quits his post, a post for which he had allowed his friends so often to tell the world that he alone was fit; these friends go along with him; yet neither he nor they come forward and tell their country that it is ruined. On the other hand we find him and them affording their support to this new administration, and giving their character and panegyric to their country, The answerer's defence of Mr. Windham's consislike tradesmen who have sold the good-will of their tency or honesty is curious. The terms of peace shop, recommending their successors to their cus-offered when the negotiation was opened at Lisle, tomers. When we look at this administration we were not remarkably different from those of the peace

The celebrated assertion of the Near Observer, that Mr. Pitt and Lord Grenville promised Mr. Addington' their constant, zealous, and active support, the answerer denies, on account of the absurdity of such a promise. Absurd it was, no doubt; but the people of Great Britain know that absurdity is not unusual among politicians, any more than among other species of mortals. Therefore this is not a reason entirely conclusive that such promise was not given.

of power, happy will be the land they govern; but woe to it if any other persons are permitted to administer its affairs.

1

of Amiens. Mr. Windham gave his responsibility to that negotiation, though he has unguardedly declared that he never approved of it; it is thus objected to him and Lord Grenville that their furious opposition to the peace of Amiens must be faction, and selfinterest. The case was very much altered, says the answerer. Mr. Windham was in office at the time of the negotiation at Lisle; he was turned out at the peace of Amiens; therefore Mr. Windham is consistent, Quod erat demonstrandum. We are told, what is very true, that no set of men could act together, without giving up something to the judgment of each other; and on the strength of this common-place remark, we are desired to look upon Lord Grenville, and Mr. Windham as most pure and patriotic statesmen. The mutual compliance required of men who act together can refer to affairs of inferior importance alone. But if a man is silent when measures are followed by the party to which he belongs, but represents his country as falling into the gulph of ruin when similar measures are pursued by a party to which he does not belong, he lays himself open to certain suspicions. If the compliance due from party-men extends to matters on which the salvation or ruin of their country depends, woe be unto parties and party-men, though they should be composed of Mr. Pitt, Mr. Windham, Lords Grenville and Melville, and the—It is to be hoped that the valuable lectures of Dr. answerer, all together.

The next point is Mr. Pitt's refusal to accept, together with Lord Melville, the highest station in the ministry, without bringing in the Grenville party. The answerer endeavours to point out high reasons of state, which induced Mr. Pitt to this conduct. We believe he thought it would be indelicate, and bear even some appearance of treachery to abandon his former associates. But these men themselves, if ever they were sincere in their proclamations that Mr. Pitt, by his transcendent qualities, was alone capable of saving the country in its late dangers, and if they were now sincere in their proclamations that the country is in greater danger than ever, ought to have been the foremost to persuade Mr. Pitt to accept of the offer which was made him, to conjure him to overlook them entirely, and to let no private consideration either of personal interest or friendship interfere, where the safety of his country was at stake. This their country have no reason to think that they did, and there are several motives which it can assign for their withholding to do it.

Some of the usual criticisms of the Windham party on the treaty of peace, and the conduct of ministers since that time are then retailed. And after that, comes a warm persuasive to union between Mr. Pitt, and Lord Grenville. They are so adapted to one another, the abilities of both are so great, they have been so accustomed to act together, they agree so exactly in their opinion of the French, and in their maxims of government, the union of their power would make them so absolute, and gratify their ambition so completely, what though they differed in words about the

The Cambridge University Register, for the year 1803.
By John Beverley, M. A. 12mo, 206 pp. Cambridge;
Rivingtons, Lunn, and Hatchard, London.
This very useful Publication begun about five years
ago by a Mr. Raworth, of Trinity Hall, has been
continued for the current year, by the present pub
lisher; but we think, not with equal ability. Mr.
Beverley has done little more than reduce the contents
of the former volume, and add the changes that have
since taken place. We also observe some inaccura
cies; the orthography of the names should be par-
ticularly attended to; and the name of the last Uni-
versity Craven scholar, Drury of King's, should not
have been omitted. In mentioning the lectures on
modern history, our author informs us, that the pre-
sent Professor, the learned doctor Symonds, (who was
originally of St. John's, and, in the early part of his
life, passed a considerable time in Italy, gleaning in-
formation from all quarters) has collected near a thou
sand volumes, which will go to his successor : for
fear of any mistake, or fraud, there is marked in
each of them, Schola Historica Cantabrigiensis Liber.

Symonds will one day be given to the public: from his
youth upwards his application has been uniform; his
course of reading judicious and extensive: to a know-
ledge of ancient and modern languages, he has united
a clear judgment, disciplined and corrected by mathe-
matical studies. An historical library collected by
such a Professor, must add considerably to the strength
of our beloved alma mater.

Under the head of fossils, we are informed, that until within these few years, the collection consisted only of those specimens originally bequeathed by Dr. Woodward: but since the present Professor (Hailstone) was appointed, another distinct collection has been founded. This collection is divided into two parts, corresponding to the two principal branches of mineralogy. No systematic lectures, however, are delivered; and we sincerely hope we may one day see in the chair, a gentleman who is admirably qualified to give them-Mr. E. Clarke, of Jesus, the traveller: whose knowledge in mineralogy is without a rival.

S. Q.

Human Frailties-a Novel. 3 vols. 12mo. Interspersed with Poetry. By the Author of the "Observant Pedestrian," " Montrose," &c.

Some of these frailties seem to deserve a worse name. They are depicted, however, in the faithful costume of the times, and may afford somewhat more than amusement to the lovers of novel-writing. The author, it is true, seldom evinces much ability, and although practised in works of this description, bas not learned to give variety to his style, yet his endea vours appear to be meant honestly to serve the cause of morality, and he has contrived to interest common readers in the fate of his personages. We have not if they can only be raised permanently to the summit been particularly struck with his poetry.

peace

Hac in re scilicet unâ

Dissimiles, at cætera penè gemelli ;

Clifton Grove, with other Poems. By Henry Kirke | The Duty of Britons, at the present awful crisis of White, of Nottingham. 12mo. 111 pp. Vernor and

Hood.

These poems are, as we are informed in the Preface, the production of a very early period of life. A few specimens of such instances of juvenile works may be curious, but a volume of them, even small as the one before us will hardly claim the public attention, however interesting the perusal may be to private friends. We lay the following little Ode before our readers, which will give them no unfavourable idea of the talent of the youth who could write it at the age of thirteen :—

TO AN EARLY PRIMROSE.

Mild offspring of a dark and sullen sire!
Whose modest form, so delicately fine,

Was nurs'd in whirling storms

And cradled in the winds.

Thee, when young spring first question'd winter's sway,
And dar'd the sturdy Blust'rer to the fight,

Thee on this bank he threw

To mark his Victory.

In this low vale, the promise of the year,
Serene, thou openest to the nipping gale.
Unnotic'd, and alone,
Thy tender elegance.

So Virtue blooms, brought forth amid the storms
Of chill adversity, in some lone walk

Of life, she rears her head
Obscure and unobserv'd;

While every bleaching breeze that on her blows,
Chastens her spotless purity of breast,

And hardens her to bear
Serene the ills of life.

As the author occasionally quotes Greek, we are surprised he should have called the instrument termed Eolus's harp, from being sounded by the wind, Eolian harp, especially as the error is pointed out by Gray, in answer to the Critical Reviewer, who supposed him to mean that instrument in the opening of one of his Odes. Awake, Eolian LyreE.

their Country. A Sermon preached August 7, 1803. By John Overton, A. M. Rector of St. Margaret, and Sr. Crux, York.

1s.

We earnestly recommend this address to the public at large, as meriting their full attention. The times are highly critical, and if it should please providence that the attempts of our enemies are baffled on the present occasion, there yet remains much to be reformed among ourselves. On the Fast Day, our pious and benevolent author observes, that "for aught we know it may be the last we are ever to keep but at all events, of this we are sure, that one way to make it so will be to dishonour and disregard it-Let us fast indeed; and not spend the day as days of this description have too often been spent ; either in paying it no particular regard beyond a common day, or, what is far worse, in profaning it by revelry or intemperance." We should have been happy if this advice had been attended to, but by a certain concatenation of circunstances, none of which taken separately might be improper, the late Fast Day, in London, had much more appearance of festivity than we ever remember on a similar occasion. But the subject is unpleasant and we shall not, at least in this place, urge it any farther.

Brief Answer to a few Cursory Remarks on the Present State of Parties. By a Near Observer. (See p. 469.)

List of New Publications from October 1, to October || An Appeal to the Public Spirit of Great Britain.

Svo.

16, 1803. TRAVELS, &c.

Travels through France and Italy, and part of Austrian, French, and Dutch Netherlands, during the years 1745, 1746. By the late Rev. Alban Butler, 6s. 6d. Travels from Moscow, through Prussia, Germany, Switzerland, France and England. By Nicolai Karamsin. Translated from the German, 3 vols.

Charles Marsh, Esq.

28.

By

38..

The intention of this pamphlet is to impress upon the people a sense of the necessity of the war, in which they are engaged, to depict the character of the enemy with whom they have to contend, and of the contest which they are called to maintain, to animate them to maintain it with resolution, and constancy, and to afford them hopes of terminating it with honour. Its observations on the character of parties, and leaders at home, are at once candid, and independent, demonstrating neither fear to censure, nor reluctance to applaud. The political views it presents, are sensible, though not profound; and though the stile is not forcible, it is elegant and chaste, considerably above the ordinary standard of pamphlet composition. An Examination of the Necessity of Sunday Drilling. By the Rev. Edward Cooper.

A Treatise on the Cow-Pox; containing the History of Vaccine Inoculation, and an account of the various Publications which have appeared on that subject, in Great Britain and other parts of the World. By John Ring, vol. 2, 8vo. 138. Anthropology-or the Natural History of Man; with a Comparative View of the Structure and Functions of Animated Beings in General. By William Blair, A. M. 5s. A Domestic Treatise on the Diseases of Horses and Dogs. By Delabere Blane, Professor of Animal Medicine. 12mo.

48.

A Dissertation on the Bit Noben, or Foetid Salt of the Hindus, the Sal Antiquorum, commonly known in Hindostan, by the name Rhalla Neemuk, with Remarks on the Charayta of the Hindoos, the Russeb Uzzereth of the Arabians, the Calamus Aromaticus Antiquorum. By John Henderson, of the Bengal Medical Establishment. 38. The Bit Noben is an artificial salt, prepared by the native chemists of Hindostan, of peculiar properties both sensible and medical. It was never imported into Europe, till about two years ago. It has been shewn to several eminent chemists. Some account of it was published by the author of this pamphlet in the Philosophical Magazine, and he is astonished, that none of the chemists who are so eager in their enquiries after a new species of stone, or metal, have given any opinion respecting it. This pamphlet is intended to describe the origin, sensible qualities, chemical analysis, and medical virtues of this oriental composition.

NOVELS.

Mount Pausilyppo, or a MS. found at the Tomb of
Virgil. Translated from the French of F. L. C.
Montjoye, 5 vols. 12mo.

11. Os.

Memoir of Forcellini, the celebrated Italian Lexicographer.

Ægidius Forcellini, the greatest perhaps of modern Lexicographers, was born in a small village of Treviso in the Venetian territories, on the 16th August 1688. His family was obscure, and scarcely wealthy enough to afford him a literary education. He went through his studies in the seminary of Padua, where his principal instructor was the celebrated philologist Facciolati, then professor in that place, and only six years older than himself. Evincing an early predilection for the church, he was at a proper age ordained a priest.

If the lives of those persons, who devote themselves to literature, without ambitious or interested views, are generally barren of events, and monotonous, particularly so must be those of such as rigidly conIn fact, fine themselves to one sphere of exertions. nothing more is known of the domestic vicissitudes of the subject of this memoir, than that soon after his advancement to the priesthood, he was appointed spiritual director to the seminary in which he had been educated; that, after having filled that station, for nine years, he removed in 1724, to Ceneda, in the same capacity; that, in 1731, he was recalled to Padua; and remained there till 1765, when he retired to his native place, with the design of passing his last years in the bosom of his family.

Little less varied was his literary life; for he very early marked out for himself that line of pursuits to which he devoted the remainder of his days. He was at first employed by Facciolati in the corrections and additions to the famous dictionary of Calepini, which the latter published at Padua, in 1718, and which, owing to its superior merit, justly superseded all the preceding works of the same kind, in İtaly.

Although this work was found at the tomb of Virgil, the reader is not to expect another Eneid; it has in reality no more connection with the tomb of Virgil than with the gallows of Abershaw-nay not so much, for we are told The Abbé Forcellini was likewise employed by that it was "the composition of an unfortunate malefactor, Facciolati in the compilation of the famous Dictionary whose remains were still exhibited to fright the traveller in entitled, Ortografia Italiana, (Italian Orthography,) his way through that neighbourhood." Where will the in-which has already gone through many editions, and ventive powers of novelists end? The story, however, is which is absolutely necessary to all who wish to write interestingly told, although rather tedious. Much of the Italian with orthographical accuracy. So great was dialogue might have been omitted without injury to the Forcellini's modesty, that the public would not have narrative, which is partly historical, but disguised by in-been informed of the assistance he rendered in these vented episodes and characters.

MISCELLANIES.

The History of the Life and Age of Geoffry Chaucer,
the early English Poet, including Memoirs of his
near Friend and Kinsman John of Gaunt, Duke of
Lancaster. By William Godwin, 2 vols. 4to.
2l. 12s. 6d.

Memoirs of the Life and Writings of W. Cowper,
Esq. 18mo.

35. Practical Arithmetic, or the Definitions and Rules in

two excellent works, had not Facciolati himself declared, in his preface to the last," that he had the satisfaction of bringing up a pupil of singular abilities, the Abbé Forcellini, who was afterwards his assistant in the improved edition of Calepini, and in the compilation of the Ortografia."

It was greatly advantageous to the cause of letters that Mr. Forcellini, being introduced to the notice of Cardinal Cornaro, bishop of Padua, received from that prelate an order to compile a new Latin Dictio