adding or uniting.-How annexations of benefices firft came into the church, whether by the prince's authority, or the pope's licence, is a very great difpute. Ayliffe's Parergon.

(2.) ANNEXATION, in law, the uniting of lands or rents to the crown.

* ANNEXION, n. [, [from annex.] The act of annexing; addition.-It is necefiary to engage the fears of men, by the annexion of fuch penalties as will overbalance temporal pelafure. Rogers.

lief of a Prefbyterian one. The uncafinefs he received from this attack did not prevent bis speaking his opinion freely in the Bottle of Lords, in regard to the Popith plot. He alfo anfwered Lord Caftlehaven's Memoirs, in which that nobleman endeavoured to paint the Irish rebellion in the lighteft colours; and a fharp difpute was raffed, which ended in the feals being taken from hiin; on which he retired to his country feat, where he devoted himself to his ftudies. He was a perion of great abilities, had uncommon learning, and was well acquainted with the conftitution and laws of England. He wrote, befides his Animadverions on Caftlehayen's Memoirs, 1. The Privi leges of the Houfe of Lords and Commons ftated. 2., A Difcourfe on the Houfe of Lerds. 3. Me: moits.. The Hiftory of the Troubles in Ireland, from the rebellion m 1641 till the refloration.

Truth unveiled, in behalf of the Church of England; and fome other works. He died in 1686, aged 73.

(2.) ANNESLEY, Samuel, a non-conformist di, vinc, born in Cumberland, in 1620. He was a grandfon by the mother's fide, of the famous Jotur Wefley, founder of the methodists, and was concated at Queen's college, Oxford, where he obtained the degree of LL. D. in confequence of the zeal he difplayed in defence of the parliament, during the rebellion; and the vehement fpirit manifefted in fome of his fermons againft the crown and church, procured for him a prefentation to the vicarage of St Giles, Cripplegate; but from this he was ejected, in 1662, for non-conformity. He died in 1696, aged 76. Some of his fermons were printed.

(3.) ANNESLEY, a fmall town of Nottinghamfire, near Sherwood Foreft.

ANNET, one of the Scilly ifles. It is uninha bited, but at low water, the foundations of ruined habitations are vifible, which are fuppofed to have been deftroyed by the fea. There are fome druidical relies upon it.

* ANNEX. n.. [from To annex.] The thing annexed, additament.-Failing in his first attempt to be but like the higheft in heaven, he hath obtained of men, to be the fame on earth, and hath accordingly aflumed the annexes of divinity. Brown.

To ANNEX. v. a, [annecio, annexum, Lat: annexer, Fr.] 1. To unite to at the end; as, he annexed a codicil to his will. 2. To unite; as, a fmaller thing to a greater; as, he annexed a province to his kingdom. 3. To unite à pofleriori: annexión always prefuppofing fomething: thus we may fay, punishment is annexed to guilt; but not guilt to punishment.-Concerning fate or def tiny, the opinions of thofe learned men, that have written thereof, may be fafely received, had they not thereunto annexed and fastened an inevitable neceflity, and made it more general and univerfally powerful than it is. Raleigh.

'(1) * ANNEXATION. n. s. (from annex.] 1. Conjunction; addition-If we can return to that cbarity and peaceable mindedness, which Chrift fo vehemently recommends to us, we have his bwn promife, that the whole body will be full of light, Matt. vi. that all other chriftian virtues will, by way of concomitance or annexation, attend them. Hammond. 2. Union; act or practice of

ANNEXMENT. n. /. [from annex.] 1. The act of annexing. 2. The thing annexed.Where it falls,

Each small annexment, petty confequence,
Attends the boift'rous ruin. Shakespears.
ANNIBAL. See HANNIBAL.
ANNIENTED. See ANIENTED.

ANNIHILABLE. adj. [from annihilate.] That which may be reduced to nothing; that which may be put cut of exiftence.

* To ANNIHILATE. v. a. led and ribilum, Lat. 1. To reduce to nothing; to put out of exiflence. It is impoffible for any body to be utterly annihilated; but the as it was the work of the omnipotency of God, to make fomething of nothing; fo it requireth the like omnipotency to turn fomewhat into nothing. Bacon. 2. To de ftrcy, fo as to make the thing otherwise than it was.-The flood that hath altered, deformed, cr rather annihilated this place, fo as no man can find any mark or memory thereof. Raleigh. 3. To annul; to defroy the agency of any thing.There is no reafon that any one commonwealth fhould annihilate that whereupon the whole world has agreed. Hooker.

(1.) ANNIHILATION. n.. [from annikilate. The act of reducing to nothing. The ftate of being reduced to nothing. od bath his i fluence into the very effence of things, without which their utter annihilation could not choofe but follow. Hooker.

(2.) ANNIHILATION DIFFERENT OPINIONS CONCERNING. Chriftians, Heathens, Jews, Siamefe, Perfians, divines, philofophers, &c. have their peculiar fyftems, fentiments, conjectures, not to fay dreams, concerning annihilation; and we find great disputes among them about the reality, the poflibility, the means, measures, prevention, ends, &c. of annihilation. The fuft notions of the production of a thing from, or reduction of it to, nothing, Dr Burnet fhows, arofe from the Chriftian theology; the word's cree tion and annihilation, in the fenfe now given to them, having bech equally known to the Hob rews, the Greeks, and the Latins. The anciert philofophers in effect, denied all annihilation as well as creation, refolving all the changes in the world into new medifications, without fuppofing the production of any thing new, or deftruction of the old. Py daily experience they faw conpounds diffolved; and that in their diffolution tothing perifhed but their union or connection of parts: when in death the body and foul were fe parated, the man they held was gone, but that the spirit remained in its original the great loul of the world, and the body in its earth from whence it came; there were again wrought by nature into new compofitions, and entered new ftates of

any worship to a creature, as inconfiftent with christianity; but confefs the honour and esteem for the martyrs, which they expreffed by keeping their anniversary days, and recommending their example. Stillingfleet.

(2.) ANNIVERSARY. n. f. [anniversarius, Lat.] 1. A day celebrated as it returns in the course of the year. For encouragement to follow the example of martyrs, the primitive chriftians met at the places of their martyrdom, to praife God for them, and to observe the anniversary of their fufferings. Stilling fleet. 2. The act of celebration, or performance, in honour of the anniversary day.-Donne had never seen Mrs Drury, whom he has made immortal in his admirable anniverfaries. Dryden. 3. Anniversary is an office in the Romish church, celebrated not only once a year, but which ought to be faid daily through the year, for the foul of the deceafed. Ayliffe's Pa

ANNOBON, a fmall island of Africa, on the coaft of Loango, belonging to the Portuguefe; fo called from its being difcovered on New-year's day. According to Pyrard, it is about five or fix French leagues in compafs; but Bandrand fays, it is ten leagues round. Here are two high mountains, the tops of which being continually covered with clouds, occafion frequent rains. On the SE. of the island are two rocks; one of which is low, and upon a level with the furface of the fea; the other higher and larger, but both dan gerous in the night to fhipping; but between them the channel is deep and clear. Thefe rocks are inhabited by vaft numbers of birds, fo tame, that the failors frequently catch them with their hands. On the fame fide of the island is a convenient watering place at the foot of a rivulet, which tumbles from the mountains down to a valley covered with orange and citron trees, &c. and affording a pleasant and refreshing fhade; but the road on the NW. fide is difficult and dangerous, though most frequented by ships who have no in tention of touching upon the continent. In either place it is difficult to take in a fufficient quan tity of water, on account of the violent breakings of the fea, and a ftone intrenchment erected by the negroes, from which they annoy all strangers that attempt to land. The best road for fhipping lies on the NE, fide, where they may anchor in 7, 10, 13, or 16 fathoms, on a fine fand close to the land, opposite to the village where the negroes have thrown up their intrenchments. The climate is wholefome, and the air clear and ferene for the greatest part of the year. Every part of the island is watered by pleasant brooks, and fresh water fprings, which, however, at the new and full moons, or in all high tides, acquire a brakithnefs. The banks of every rivulet are covered with palms, whence the inhabitants extract their wine by incifion. Here are a number of fertile valleys, which produce Turkey corn, rice, millet, yams, potatoes, &c. and afford pafture for a bundance of oxen, fheep, goats, &c. Poultry and fish alfo abound here; but the only mercantile production is cotton, which is esteemed equal in quality to any produced in India, though the

quantity is fmall. In 1605, the Dutch Admiral Matelief found 200 negroes, and two Portuguese, on Annobon, moft of them able to bear arms, expert in the ufe of them, and trained up in mi litary difcipline. La Croix fays, it has a town oppofite to the road that contains above 100 houses, the whole furrounded by a parapet, Moft of their dwellings are cane huts. In the whole inland there is not a fingle houfe built of flone, and only two of wood, which belong to the Portuguese. All the inhabitants are meanly clothed; the women go bare-headed, and have alfo the upper part of the body naked, modesty being defended by a piece of linen wrapt under their ftomach, and falling down in the form of a petti. coat, or wide apron, to the knees. The men wear only a linen girdle round the loins, with a fmall flap before. The women carry their chil dren on their backs, and fuckle them over the shoulder. All the inhabitants are subject to the Portuguese governor, who is the chief perfon in the island. The negroes have their own chief, fubordinate to him. They are all rigid catholics, having been either compelled or perfuaded by the Portuguese to embrace that faith; and, like all other converts, they are bigotted in proportion to the novelty of the belief, and their ignorance of the true tenets. Lon. 5. 10. E. Lat. 1. sc. S.

* ANNO DOMINI. [Lat.] In the year of our Lord; as, anno domini, or A. D. 1751; that is, in the feventeen hundred and fifty-firft year from the birth of our Saviour,

ANNOCK, a small river in Ayrshire, which feparates the united parishes of Dreghorn and Per cietown, from thofe of Irvine and Stewartowp.

*ANNOISANCE. n.f. [from annoy, but not now in ufe.-It hath a double fignification. Any hurt done either to a publick place, as highway, bridge, or common river, or to a private, by laying any thing that may breed infection, by encroaching, or fuch like means. The writ that is brought upon this tranfgreffion. See NUISANCE, the word now ufed. Blount.

* ANNOLİS. n. J. An American animal, like a lizard.

ANNOMEANS. See ANOMEANS. ANNOMINATION, in rhetoric, the fame with what is otherwife called paronomafia. See PARO NOMASIA.

(I.) ANNONA, in antiquity, denotes provifion for a year of all forts, as of flesh, corn, wine, hay, and ftraw, which was annually provided by the contractors for the maintenance of an army.

(II.) ANNONA, in botany, the CUSTARD APPLE: A genus of the polygynia order, belonging to the polyandria clafs of plants; and in the natural me thod ranking under the 52d order, Cordunatæ. The characters are: The calyx is a triphylous perianthium: The corolla confifts of fix heart-fhayeu petals: The stamina have scarcely any filaments; the antheræ are numerous fitting on the receptaculum: The piftillum has a roundish germen; ro ftyli; the figmata obtufe and numerous: The pericarpium is a large roundish unilocular berry, covered with a fcaly bark: The feeds are numer There are 8 fpecies; viz.

ous.

1. ANNONA AFRICANA, is not particularly defcribed by botanifts, fo far as we have feen, ex

cepting

cepting that it produces a smooth bluish kind of apples.

2. ANNONA ASIATICA, or purple apple, grows in fome of the French islands, as well as in Cuba, in great plenty. The trees rife to the height of 30 feet or more. The fruit is efteemed by the inhabitants of those islands, who frequently give them to fick perfons.

3. ANNONA CHERIMOLA, is a native of Peru, where it is much cultivated for the fruit, and grows to be a very large tree, well furnished with branches. The leaves are of a bright green colour, and much larger than thofe of any of the other forts. The fruit is oblong, and fcaly on the outfide, of a dark purple colour when ripe, and the flesh is foft and fweet, intermixed with many brown feeds which are smooth and fhining.

4. ANNONA MURICATA, or four-sop, rarely rifes above 20 feet high, but is well furnished with branches; the leaves are broad, have a fmooth furface without any furrows, and are of a fhining green colour: the fruit is large, of an oval fhape, irregular, and pointed at the top, of a greenith yellow colour, and full of small knobs on the outfide: the pulp is foft, white, and of a four and fweet tafte intermixed, having many oblong, dark coloured feeds.

5. ANNONA PALUSTRIS, or water apple, grows to the height of 30 or 40 feet. The leaves are oblong, pointed, with fome flender furrows, and have a ftrong scent when rubbed; the fruit is feldom eaten but by negroes. The tree grows in moist places in all the West India islands.

6. ANNONA RETICULATA, or cuftard apple, is a native of the West Indies, where it grows to the height of 25 feet, and is well furnished with branches on every fide: the bark is smooth, and of an afh colour; the leaves are a light green, oblong, and have several deep tranfverfe ribs or veins, ending in acute points; the fruit is of a conical form, as large as a tennis ball, of an orange colour when ripe, having a foft, fweet, yellowish pulp, of the confiftence of a custard, from whence it has its name.

7. ANNONA SQUAMOSA, or fweet fop, feldom rifes higher than 15 feet, and well furnished with branches on every fide. The leaves have an agreeable scent when rubbed; the fruit is roundish and fcaly, and when ripe turns of a purple colour, and bath a fweet pulp.

8. ANNONA TRILOBA, or North American anmona, called by the inhabitants papace, is a native of the Bahama Islands, and likewife of Virginia and Carolina. The trunks of the trees are feldom bigger than the small part of a man's leg, and are about 10 or 13 feet high, having a smooth greenth brown bark. In March, when the leaves begin to sprout, the bloffoms appear, confifting of 6 greenish white petals. The fruit grows in clusters of 3 or 4 together: when ripe, they are yellow, covered with a thin fmooth fkin, which contains a yellow pulp, of a fweet lufcious tafte. In the middle of this pulp, lie in 2 rows 12 feeds, divided by as many thin membranes. All parts of the tree have a rank, if not a fetid, fmell; nor is the fruit relifhed by many except negroes. These trees grow in low fhady swamps, and in a very fat foil. This laft fort will thrive in the open air

in Britain, if it is placed in a warm and sheltered fituation; but the plants fhould be trained up in pots, and fheltered in winter for two or three years till they have acquired ftrength. The feeds frequently remain a whole year in the ground, and therefore the earth in the pots ought not to be difturbed, though the plants do not come up the first year. If the pots where thofe plants are fown are plunged into a new hot bed, they will come up much fooner than those that are exposed to the open air. All the other forts require to be kept in a warm ftove, or they will not live in this country.

ANNONÆ PRÆFECTUS, in Roman antiquity, an extraordinary magiftrate, whose business it was to prevent a fcarcity of provifion, and to regulate the weight and finenefs of bread.

ANNONÆ STRUCTOR, the fteward of the military provifions among the ancient Romans.

ANNONAGE, ANNONAGIUM, a tax on corn. ANNONARIUS, in Roman antiquity, the diftributor of provifions among the foldiers: also a monopolift.

ANNONAY, a town of France in the department of Ardeche, feated at the confluence of the Cances and Deumes, 12 miles SW. of Vienne. A great paper manufacture is carried on in this town, which is famed for being the place where M. Montgolfier, the proprietor, first discovered rarefied air balloons. See AEROSTATION, INDEX. Lon. 4.55. E. Lat. 45. 15. N.

ANNONE, a fort of Italy, belonging to Montferrat, on the borders of the Milanefe; feated on the Tanaro, 9 miles E. from Afti. Lon. 28. 14. E. Lat. 44. 28. N.

ANNOSITY, agednefs. Bailey.

ANNOT, a fmall town of France, in the department of the Lower Alps. Lon. 7. o. E. Lat. 44. 4. N.

(1.) * ANNOTATION. n. f. [annotatio, Lat.] Explications or remarks written upon books; notes.-It might appear very improper to publish annotations, without the text itself whereunto they relate. Boyle.

(2.) ANNOTATION, in civil law, denotes a kind of refcript or grant of the Emperor, figned with his own hand. It took its name from the note or fubscription at the bottom, which was in red letters.

(30) ANNOTATION, in medicine, denotes the first beginning of a febrile paroxyfm, when the patient grows chill, hudders, yawns, is drowfy, and the like.

* ANNOTATOR. n. f. [Lat.] A writer of notes or annctations; a fcholiaft; a commentator.-I have not that refpect for the annotators which they generally meet with in the world. Felton on the Clafficks.

ANNOTTA. Į

ANNOTTO: See ANOTTA.

* To ANNOUNCE. v. a. [annoncer, Fr. annuncio, Lat.] 1. To publifh; to proclaim.

Of the Meffiah I have heard foretold By all the prophets; of thy birth at length Announc'd by Gabriel with the firft I knew. Milton. 2. To pronounce; to declare by a judicial fentence.Thofe

Thofe, mighty Jove, mean time thy glorious

care,

Who model nations, publifh laws, announce Or life or death.

Prior.

ANNOY. n.. [from the verb.] Injury; moleftation; trouble.

What then remains, but, after paft annoy, To take the good viciffitude of joy. Dryden. To ANNOY. v. a. [annoyer, Fr.] To incommode; to vex; to teaze; to moleft.—

Woe to poor man; each outward thing annoys him;

He heaps in inward grief, that most deftroys him. Sidney, ANNOYANCE. n.. [from annoy.] 1. That which annoys; that which hurts.

A grain, a duft, a gnat, a wand'ring hair, Any annoyance in that precious fenfe. Shakefp. 2. The ftate of being annoyed; or act of annoying. The greatest annoyance, and difturbance of mankind, has been from one of those two things, force or fraud. South.

ANNOYER. n. f. [from To annoy.] The perfon that annoys.

ANNUAL. adj. [annuel, Fr. from annus, Lat.] 1. That which comes yearly.

Annual for me, the grape, the rose, renew, The juice nectarious, and the balmy dew. Pope. 2. That which is reckoned by the year.The king's majefty's

Does purpose honour to you; to which A thousand pounds a year annual support, Out of his grace he adds. Shakefp. Henry VIII. 3. That which lafts only a year.-The dying in the winter of the roots of plants that are annual, feemeth to be caufed by the over-expence of the fap; which being prevented, they will fuperannuate, if they ftand warm. Bacon.

ANNUAL EPACTS. See EPACT. ANNUAL EQUATION. See EQUATION. ANNUAL LEAVES, as diftinguished from evergreens, are fuch as come up afresh in the spring, and perish in winter.

ANNUAL MOTION OF THE EARTH. See ASTRO

NOMY.

ANNUAL PLANTS, or fimply ANNUALS, are fuch as only come up in fpring, and die in autumn; and therefore must be renewed every year.

ANNUAL RENT is ufed, in Scots law, to denote the intereft due by a debtor in a fum of money to a creditor for the use of it.

ANNUAL RENT, RIGHT OF, in Scots law, the original method of burdening lands with an yearly payment for the loan of money, before the tak ing of intereft for money was allowed by fiatute.

ANNUALIA, 1. yearly oblations anciently made by the relations of deceafed perfons on the day of their death, and on which mass was celebrated with great folemnity: 2. the priests falary for celebrating mafs annually.

ANNUALLY. adv [from annual.] Yearly; every year. By two drachms they thought it fufficient to fignify a heart; because the heart at one year weigheth two drachms, that is a quarter of an ounce; and unto fifty years annually encrealeth the weight of one drachm. Brown..

ANNUA PENSIONE, a writ formerly issued from the king to an abbot or prior, demanding an annual penfion due for his chaplains.

ANNUEL OF NORWAY, of which mention is made in the acts of Parliament of King James III. was an annual payment of 100 marks Sterling, which the kings of Scotland were obliged to pay to the kings of Norway, in fatisfaction for fome pretenfions which the latter had to the Scottish kingdor, by virtue of a conveyance made thereof by Malcolm Canmore. This annuel was first eftablished in 1266; in confideration whereof the Norwegians renounced all title to the fucceffion of the ifles of Scotland. It was paid till the year 1468, when the annuel, with all its arrears, was renounced in the contract of marriage between King James III. and Margaret daughter of Chrif tian I. king of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden.

ANNUENTES MUSCULI, [from annuere, to nod,] in anatomy, a pair of tranfverfe muscles, at the root of the vertebræ of the back, called allu recti interni minores.

* ANNUITANT. n. f. from annuity] He that poffeffes or receives an annuity.

INTRODUCTION.

ther annually, or at other intervals of time.-Asnuities may be divided into fuch as are CERTAIN, and fuch as depend on fome CONTINGENCY, 35 the continuance of a life, &c. Annuities are allo divided into annuities in POSSESSION, and a Duities in REVISION; the former meaning fuch as have commenced; and the latter, fuch as will not commence till fome particular event has happened, or till fome given period of time has elapied. Annuities may be farther confideras payable yearly, or bulf yearly, or quarterANNUITIES may be fuppofed to be improved, either in the way of fimple or compound intereft. The laft of thefe hypothefes, being the most equitable, both for feiler and buyer, is commonly al fumed.

SECT.