figned all thoughts of ever feeing England more, and steadily continued to apply himself to the duty of his character, unenvied and admired by all.

1549

Paul III. having fat in the papal chair upwards of 14 years, and died at Rome in the 8ift year of his age, there were three parties in the conclave, which assembled to elect his fucceffor, the French, that of the emperor, and cardinal Farnefe of the late Pope's family. The two laft joining, unanimously chofe Pole. The majority of the votes was undeniable, but the French objected that fome of their party were not arrived by reafon of the distance, and complained that the election was hurried. This party was joined by cardinal Caraffa, who hoping, if Pole was fet afide, to be chofen himself, not only backed their arguments, but began to load him with calumnies, objecting, that he lay under a fufpicion both of herefy and incontinency: in fupport of which he alledged, that in Germany at the council of Trent he was familiar with the Lutherans, and that his intimacy with Tremellius (a learned Jew who had been baptized in the cardinal's houfe, and was known to incline to Lutheranism) confirmed the fufpicion; which was further afcertained by his keeping Flaminius, a fufpected Lutheran, among his domeftics for fome time, and then enriching him with fome ecclefiaftical dignities. That he had fpared feveral heretics at Viterbo, punishing but few in any moderate way, and none at all with death *. Neither was that gravity of countenance which he wore fo far removed from the fufpicion of luxury, but that many perfors thought the young nun which he maintained at his own expence, was really the fruit of his own loins. To conclude, he wondered what they meant by running with fo much hurry to chufe a foreigner, as if Italy could not produce any who were worthy of the pontificate, fo that they were under a neceffity of fending to Britain for a Pope; and to what end? continued he; Why, that the emperor, whofe creature he is

known to be, may plunder Rome a fecond
time." The cardinal effectually defended
himself against these virulent calumnies.
With regard to the first, he appealed to all
that he had done and suffered for the dig-
nity of the Romish church, and the catho-
lic doctrines. As to his conduct at Viter-
bo, it was observable that he had lived so
as to preserve the peace, without the
neceffity of having much recourse to any
punishment, much lefs to extremity. And
with refpect to the young nun, he made
it appear fhe was the daughter of an Eng-
lifh woman; who dying at Rome, he
had placed the girl in a nunnery, to fave
her from falling into a wicked course of
life; that for a provision, befides the small
matter left her by her mother, he had de-
pofited a hundred aurei in the fidei monte,
as it is called. Upon the whole, his an-
fwer was fo clear and satisfactory, that
his party grew warmer in his behalf; and
immediately proceeding to confirm their
election by a second fcrutiny, they went
to cardinal Pole's apartment, and finding
he was gone to bed, (for it was now late
at night) they spoke to Priuli, who was
then in waiting as gentleman of the bed-
chamber, to awake his master, and ac-
quaint him they were come to adore him,
Priuli performed
according to cuftom.
the request with much joy; but Pole re-
ceived it in a different temper. He was
very angry with his friend, and drove the
cardinals away, telling them he would not
have a thing, which was to be feared ra-
ther than defired, to be carried on tumul-
tuously and rafhly, but decently and or-
derly. That the night was not a proper
time, God was a God of light, and not
of darkness, and therefore it ought to be
deferred till day came. This fcruple feem--
ed fo extraordinary, that fome concluded
he had loft his fenfes; and as by this
ftrange refusal he had put them much out
of humour, at which time the mind being
prejudiced, generally frames objections,
and fets before itself fuch difficulties as
it had never thought of before, they be-
gan to think it might be better if he was

• How noble have the enemies of cardinal Pole spoke his praife! They objected that against him for which every man, who has the smallest degree of a truly Christian fpirit, will ever reverence his name; and which will make his character appear amiable as long as time hall laft, and cruelty be deemed no part of any reli

gion,

not

THOUGHTS on various Subjects, from BUTLER.

THE following reflections we fubjoin churches take the contrary course, and be

quarrels derived, and fuch punctilios of opinion, that though more nice and peevish than thofe of love and honour in romances, are yet maintained with fuch animofities, as if heaven were to be purchased by no other way but that, which of all others is the most certain and infallible to lofe it.

"The first quarrel and murder that ever was committed in the world, was upon a fanatic emulation in religion, when Cain killed the fourth part of all mankind, his brother Abel, merely out of zeal for feeing the truth of his brother's religious worthip preferred before his own, though God himself were judge. And ever fince that time, much about the fame proportion of all mankind, has been conftantly deftroyed by the reft, upon the very fame

account.

"The church of Rome teaches the people religion, as men teach finging birds-thut them up, and keep them dark.

"The curiofities of ceremony in that church are like the painted glass in church windows, defigned to keep out light, not let it in.

"The vices of tyrants run in a circle, and produce one another; begin with luxury and prodigality, which cannot be fupplied but by rapine. Rapine produces hate in the people, and that hate fear in the prince; fear cruelty, cruelty defpair, and defpair destruction!

"They that have but a little wit, are Commonly like thofe who cry things in the treets: if they have but a groat's worth of rotten and tinking stuff, every body that comes nigh fhall be fure to hear of it; while thofe that drive a rich noble trade, make no noife of it.

substantial things, and cries up the flight and frivolous, like the wind that paffes over folid bodies, and bears up dust and feathers.

"The obfervations of fome men are like the fifting of bakers, that retain the bran, and let the flour pass through.

"It is both the wifeft and safest way, to keep at a convenient diftance with all men.---For when men converfe too closely, they commonly, like thofe that meet in crowds, offend one another.

"The ambition of fome men, and the wants of others, are the ordinary causes of all civil wars.

"He that applies himfelf to understand things that are not to be known, ufes his wit and induftry like the edge of a tool, that is cut upon a thing that is too hard for it---Befides his lofs of labour, he does but render it more blunt and dull than it was before.

"They that difpute matters of faith into nice particulars, and curious circumftances, do as unwifely as a geographer, that would undertake to draw a true map of Terra Incognita, by mere imagination. For though there is fuch a part of the earth, and that not without mountains, vallies, plains, and rivers; yet to attempt the defcription of thefe, and affign their fituations and tracts, without a view of the place, is more than ridiculous.

"He that thinks to please God by forcing his understanding in difquifitions of him beyond the limits, which he has been pleafed to prefcribe, befides the lots of his labour, dues but endeavour to intrude where he is denied accefs, and prepofterously attempts to ferve God “Public eltimation very often neglects by disobeying him."

The Hiftory of Malicknazir, King of Carizme, and the Princef: Farzana. An Oriental Tale.

I

ages paft, there reigned over Carizme, a king, whofe name was Malicknazir; a more a.complished prince neither the riting or the fetting fun had ever beheld; his heart was replete with every virtue, and his foul was adorned with every fcience; his majestic air, and graceful perfon, added new dignity to the royal diadem, and fo much was he beloved by his fubjects, that they every day offered up

prayers to God, and the Holy Prophet, for the prefervation of his life, and the continuance of his profperity. Malcknazir thus beloved by his fubjects, and dreaded by his enemies, reigning over å kingdom bleft with peace and plenty, appeared to be fecure of happinefs; but the greatest monarchs are fubject to calamities and grief, as well as the poorest peasants. The prince's Farzana, who loved Malick

nazir with a more tender affection than ever fifter had for a brother, and was by him loved with an equal warmth of affection, was attacked with a diforder which none of the physicians that attended the court of Carizme could poffibly account for. The youthful bloom of her cheeks was fucceeded by a languid palenefs, and the luftre of her eyes, which fparkled like thofe of the houries of Paradife, was changed into a conftant gloom and heaviness, which indicated the internal diforder which preyed upon her foul, and wore away the fprings of life. Malicknazir in the utmoft affliction, at feeing one whom he tenderly loved in fo deplorable a condition, ordered a proclamation to be made, not only in his capital, but in all the confiderable towns of his dominions, that whoever fhould give the princefs Farzana any relief, might afk of the king whatever reward he thought proper. Incited by this offer, multitudes of cojas, phyficians, and pretenders to profound fecrets, flocked every day to court, but their remedies had a bad effect upon the health of the princefs, and their cabaliftical as well as aftrological talifmans, the former of which operate by the means of letters, words, or prayers, and the latter by the relation which the planets have to human bodies, had upon this occasion, entirely loft their efficacy. The king, however, difmiffed none unrewarded, left others fhould be difcouraged from offering their fervices. The indifpofition of the princefs ftill continuing, an Arabian chec repaired to the court of Carizme, relying fo much upon his skill, that he thought himself already poffeffed of the promifed reward. He had indeed made a great progrefs in the occult fciences, and was in a fair way of difcovering the virtues of king Solomon's ring, and the philofopher's ftone. Being introduced to the princefs, he examined her countenance with great attention, and with a view to difcover the caufe of her diforder, gave her an elixir which was endued with a virtue capable of thewing whether a disease had its fource in the body or mind. Finding by the operation of this medicine, that the diftemper of his patient had its first rife in the mind, he informed the king thereof, and told him, that the princefs could be cured by no one, but a perfon capable of penetrating into the moral caufe of her mental diforder. This, added he, is beyond the

power of my knowledge. May the Holy Prophet fend hither fomebody poffeffed of that divine fcience, to restore the princefs to herself, and to you. The chec, after fpeaking thefe words departed the court, having received from the king a thousand fequins, and a diamond ring of a predigious value. The health of Malicknazir himself began to decline continually, and the people who fympathized with their monarch in every thing, were now as fad and dejected as they had before been chearful and gay.

Malicknazir, however, foon after, re covered his health by the affiftance of a phyfician, who was a native of Perfia, and one of the fect of the Guebres. Upon this phyfician he fettled a confiderable pension, and affigned him a magnificent apartment in his palace. As he had a great opinion of the skill of Abumazar, for that was the phyfician's name, he defired him to visit the unfortunate princefs, whofe diforder had encreafed to fuch a degree, that the feemed fitter to be numbered amongst the dead than the living. This the Perfian phyfician modeftly declined, alledging, that it was in vain for him to attempt a cure, where men of abilities and learning, fo much fuperior to his, had already proved unfuccefsful. However, as the king perfifted to urge him, he could not avoid obeying, and after having vifited the princefs, and maturely confidered her diforder, he declared that it was not in his power to give her any affiftance, as no cafe of the like nature had ever occurred to him before.. Thus, Malicknazir, finding all human means fail him, had recourse to a fanton named Padmanaba, whofe prayers for the fick were of fuch efficacy, that they were feldom offered up without procuring their recovery; nay, the holine's of his life had often been confirmed by miracles. The fanton being brought to court, was by the king given to understand upon what ac count he had been fent for, and immediately conducted to the apartment of the princefs, whofe palid complexion, and melancholy vifage, at first truck the reclufe with furprize; but as he was an adept in the fcience of Mechacha, by which the fantons are enabled to penetrate the most feret thoughts of thofe they behold; he foon dived into the cause of the long indifpofition of Farzana, and baying retired with Malicknazir, addrefed him in the following tetas, • On king!

Mmm 2