nour by their humanity to their vanquithed enemies, as they had done by their gallantry in conquering them. They were the first and most liberal contributors to a subscription, set on foot and promoted chiefly by the British factory, for the cure and maintenance of the wounded Frenchmen, who must otherwise have

miferably perifhed; for there is no provifion made by the French king for the relief of his fubjects, who may be carried in wounded, fick, or prifoners, to any port of Europe, as is every where provided for our feamen, by the orders of our most gracious fovereign.

--

AD the late bad news been true, H that our army fuffered greatly by the bloody-flux in Flanders; what pity was it, that a furer remedy for that disease, than can, perhaps, be found for any other, happened to lie out of the phyfician's track of thinking; and that, for certain narrow reafons, it could hardly hope good fortune, were it recommended to their notice. Your lordship will remember it were hinted first (if I mistake not in a piece of Mr. Boyle's.) It met, however, but the common fate of every cheap and fpeedy regimen, to merit the neglect of the shops and hop fupporters, in proportion to the little they could get by countenancing

it.

The procefs (hould your memory, by chance, not recollect it) is no more, than to take new churned butter, without falt, and fkimming off the curdy part when melted over a clear fire, to give two spoonfuls of the clarified remainder, twice or thrice within the day. And this bath never failed to make an almost instant cure in many (I am fure at leaft a hundred) cafes. I have had myfelf the pleasure to relieve officiously by its effects; and who were perfons, for the most part, at the point of death, and folemnly refigned to that laft cure of every malady, by their phyficians farewell fentence.

A long time after Mr. Boyle had published his experience of this noble medicine, from his frequent proofs of it in Ire land, where dyfenteries were too common accidents, there happened, at the fiege of Londonderry, fuch a general demonstration of its efficacy, as leaves a fubfequent neglect of it no way to be accounted for, but from the reafon I have just affigned it to. For when by the fatigues and wants of that brave garrison, they found themselves

in greater danger, from the havock of the terrible disease, than from the effects of the enemy, we are informed, by the describers of that memorable fiege, that the diftemper ftopt at once, upon the foldiers finding a concealed referve of cafks of tallow in a merchant's warehouse, and dividing it among the companies, to melt with, and lengthen out their short remainder of bad oat-meal.

An acquaintance of my own, a gentleman of the prefcribing faculty, complained to me, fome years ago, of the mortality of this diftemper, then an epidemic one, in London. I advifed him to make trial of the mentioned help : to which he first objected, that he could not fee upon what theory to ground a likelihood of fuch fuccefs in ufing it. For answer, I referred him to a known experiment in fermentation, where, on barely throwing in a little melted grease (or a small quantity of animal oil) upon the furface of a working liquor, when in higheft foam, the curbed inteftine motion finks to flatness in an instant; nor can it be recovered into a new head by any art our brewers or distillers are acquainted with. The added oleaginous particles obtunding the now checked faline ones in a manner little differing from the operation of the recommended procefs in the human ftomach, when the vitiated hot ferment having had beginning, the incifive acrid falts are fheathed and made inactive by this oppofite balfamic foftener; and thence paffing on corrected through the gradual digeftions, furnish a fit chyle for blunting the too ftimulative acrimony. And hence arifes not a temporary, not a palliative relief-..but a complete eradication of the peccant principle. For when the falts above described have left their points, in the abforbing heather,

thofe

thofe united contraries (commixing oily with lixivious particles) compofe together a new foluble, and faponaceous body, which diffolving readily into the ferum and lymphatic humours, is prepared to pafs by fweat, or even perfpire infenfibly, thro' ftrainers, which (while feparate) neither oils, nor falts, could have been fmall enough to have pervaded; and which must therefore (though the blood could have been helped to throw them off upon the glands or joints) have bred fuch obftinate concretion and obstruction there, as bring on gout, fciatica, or rheumatifm. But (thus) unlefs in cafes of veffels, too much lacerated already, the cause being radically removed, it is no wonder the effect is answerable.

--

The doctor, after weighing this, and more, to the fame purpose, smiled inftructively, and gave me for reply, a pleasant, short, and honest declaration "That if ever he should have occafion to make trial of it on himself, or his own family, he would not only do it, but expect good confequence.---But, with regard to his out-patients, as long as he must hang his bills upon apothecary's files, he might as prudently be hanged himself, as venture to prescribe short remedies."

I fear there is but too much probability of these prudential fentiments in camp, as

well as in town, doctors and if fo, unless the general of an army, making first fufficient trial to convince himself, would afterwards compel the practice; there feems little prospect of relieving fuch a fleet or field calamity, as though it should not have been now fo fatal, as pretended in the papers, may, too probably, become fo, in a wet and winter progrefs of this war; or of fome future one, when I, perhaps, shall be past feeling any of the confequences of it. I have, therefore, not let flip this opportunity, with view to give occafion, from his recollecting it, to the most likely hand in Europe, to make generous ufe of its remembrance.

I dont't know, whether I fhould add, (and yet it is not too remote from the immediate point in view, confidering how liable an army is, efpecially, where long entrenched in marthy fituations, to defluxions on the eyes or breaft) that, in whatever other cafe, of falts too sharp and active, none of the trite remedies, however tedious all of them, and fome extremely mortifying, will be found of any ufe, comparatively with this plain and pleasant one, which need be taken, in the laft-named intentions, only to half the quantity, perfifting night and morning for fome length of time, uninterruptedly.

Moft Renowned Emperor,

IT

was not the defire of feeing the celebrated cities of the German empire, or the most potent republics of the universe, that made me leave my throne in a diftant country, and my victorious arms; but the vehement paffion alone, of feeing the most brave and moft generous hero of the age. I have my wish, and am fufficiently recompenfed for my travel, in being admitted into your prefence. Your kind embraces have given me more fatisfaction than the taking of Afoph, and triumphing over the Tartars; but the conqueft is your's, your martial genius direc ted my fword, and the generous emulation of your exploits inftilled into my breast the first thoughts I had of enlarging my dominions. I cannot exprefs in words October, 1761.

the veneration I have for your facred perfon; my unparalelled journey is a proof of it. The teafon is fo far advanced, and I hope the peace too, that I fhall not have the opportunity (as Maximilian had) of fighting under the banner of England, against France the common enemy. If the war continue, I and my armies will readily obferve your orders; and if either in war or peace, your induftrious fubjc&s will trade to the most northern parts of the world, the ports of Ruffia fhall be free for them, and I will grant them greater immunities than ever they yet had, and have them enrolled among the most precious records of my empire, to be a perpetual memorial of the efteem I have for the worthiest of kings.

SIR,

ON

N the perufal, in the public papers, of a letter from a right honourable person to ---- in the city, I could not help epochaing at that part, where he fays, "And this founded on what Spain had already done, not on what that court may farther, intend to do." I make no doubt, that a certain perfon has a long time fmothered his refentment against that court, for reafons best known to himself; but now, to use his own emphatic expreffion on another occafion, "The Spanish measure being full," that just refentment has been shewn by him in a manner becoming the minister of the people. That juft refentment only wanted to be as firmly supported, as it was feasonably exerted, to have accomplished all the ends of the prefent war, by punishing all our enemies; and that Spain long has been, is, and still may be, an infidious enemy to us, . admits of no doubt: or if it should, let the following facts, among many others, as naked and plain as they are inconteftibly true, and can be authenticated, give a full proof to the enemies of our late minister, of the conduct of the Spaniards towards Great-Britain, even from the very commencement of the prefent war against France.

.

I. I fhall first mention the affair of St. Lucar, a Spanish port, about seven leagues from Cadiz. There were eleven fail of English veffels in that harbour, who failed out with Spanish pilots on board, and at the mouth of that river, between the two necks of land, and in fhoal water, they were followed by a French privateer, and brought back. Great application was made by the late Sir Benjamin Keene to the court of Madrid, but to no purpose ; they were deemed good prizes, altho' taken within the land,

H. The next was the affair of the Antigallican, and her prize the Penthievre; and the treatment the late Sir Benj. Keene, our then ambaffador at Madrid, received on that occasion, are facts fo ́well known, and fo recent in the minds of every one,

that I have no occafion to comment farther upon them; but refer you to Rolt's Antigallican's letters, fo lately published.

III. His majesty's fhip the Experiment was chased off the coast of Spain, by the Telemachus privateer, of near double her force: but by the gallant behaviour of captain Strachan and his crew, the French were almost all cut to pieces when the Telemachus struck, and captain Strachan ftood afterwards for the Spanish coaft, when he fent his boat with his master and four men afhore to land fome of the prisoners, and bring him off fome neceffaries. The boat was immediately detained, and the officer and crew thrown into prifon; the governor alledging, that the French fhip was an illegal capture, though she came off from the land where the lay at an anchor, and purfued, and first engaged the Experiment. The mafter is but a few weeks ago returned here from his long imprisonment: Thus the Spaniards have dealt with a Britifft man of war, as well as with a British privateer. Is this infult to the British flag to be borne, when that flag awes the whole world?

IV. About June, 1760, the Saltafh floop of war chafed on flore a French row-boat a few leagues to the eastward of Almeria bay, and fome time after the took a French tow-boat off Mahon, and put a midshipman and fourteen men on board, and fome time in the following month came to anchor in that bay. The Spaniards detained her, and made the men prifoners: upon which the captain of the Saltash, finding his prize not come out, fent his boat with the mafter and five men, to know the reafon; who, on coming on fhore, were threatened by the Spanish foldiers to be fired at, unless they hauled their boat afhore to a port a quarter of a mile from thence, which they refused to do; infifting, as British subjects, they had a right to Spanish protection: whereupon they feized the boat's crew, (as well as the prize) and put them in the common prifon, where the matter was-ftruck and

abufed

abufed by the foldiers, and all the rest used with great cruelty, and refused the ufe of pen, ink, and paper. The Saltach was not able to get her men, to the number of nineteen, who are now there. The 'Spaniards fent the master of a Catalan bark to prifon, for carrying a meffage from one of the prifoners to Gib

raltar.

V. Very lately the Speedwell cutter, commanded by lieutenant Allen, was chafed into the harbour of Vigo by the Achilles, a French man of war, and there made a prize of by her. Mr. Allen has been tried at Spithead for lofing his majesty's cutter, and honourably acquitted; but the court declared their opinion, that fhe was an illegal prize, and taken contrary to the law of nations.

VI. In Cadiz, where I was a whole year during this war, were many French privateers, manned and fitted out by Spaniards, built under the windows of the governor's house, where they lay; and in his fight, when any English veffel failed out of the harbour, would follow instantly and bring her in; though, on the contrary, if any French hip fhould fail out, no English ship of war dared to follow her, or fail out of the harbour in lefs than twenty-four hours'; and the garrison guns were always ready to protect a French thip.

VII. In the harbour of Vigo, about three months ago, there were upwards of thirty French row-boats; in which thirty boats there were not above thirty Frenchmen, one in each boat, and the rest of the crews all Spaniards, and these fitted out by the Spaniards there, and at St. John de Luz.

VIII, At Cabaretta, a fmall town on the Spanish coaft, in the Gut of Gibraltar, where is a castle and fome few guns, are always a fleet of French row-boats at anchor under thefe guns, I dare fay with not one Frenchman on board, moftly Spaniards and Genoefe, but fitted out by Spaniards, who, in a piratical manner, watch and feize all English veffels which pafs without convoy, or happen to be becalmed. This is greatly detrimental to our garrison at Gibraltar, as many of thofe veffels are generally bound there from Ireland, &c. with provifions.

IX. Alguziers, a Spanish garrifon oppofite to Gibraltar, has ever been a re

ceptacle and afylum for thofe piratical French row-boats. An English vessel was brought in there by a French privateer, taken close in with the Spanish fhore. Sir Edward Hawke with his fleet then lay in Gibraltar-bay, and fent to the Spanish governor to demand the restoration of that fhip, which the governor haughtily refused; but admiral Hawke, with a true British fpirit, like what was formerly done by admiral Blake, fent his boats manned and armed to cut out the English ship, f unjustly taken, which they bravely effected from under their forts, and carried her to Gibraltar; but the Spaniards fired all the time, and killed about 150 English. This lord Tyrawley, the late governor of Gibraltar, and Sir Edward Hawke, re monftrated strongly by our ambassador to the court of Madrid; but to no effect.

I can mention many other circumftances, relative to Spanish pride, cruelty, bar. barity, piracy, and partiality, but these I have collected from well-known authorities and stubborn facts, so well known to a great and worthy man, that he could with the greatest justice say, and especially now, when our marine is in fo good a ftate, "And this founded on what Spain has already done, not on what that court may farther intend to do."

His majesty's confuls at Madrid. Cadiz, Ferrol, Seville, and Carthagena, have proved the whole. All our minifters know it; and yet only one has had the spirit to fhew a juft refentment against a perfidious nation, who, under a pretension of observing the laws of neutrality, have violated the law of nations, and broke through the fpirit of all treaties fubfifting between them and us. If the Spaniards have acted with this perfidy, ay, and a great deal of cruelty befides, towards us, we have certainly a right to redefs, either by negociations or force. They have defpifed all our negociations, and bullied us almost into taciturnity, while there was a profpect of uniting their marine force to that of France: but as the French fleet is now almost as much annihilated by us, as that of Spain was in the days of Elizabeth, why should we be intimidated at the found of a Spanish fleet? or why not, with a fleet of our own, more than treble their force, immediately rush upon them, and obtain by the law of arms, that justice and fatisfaction, which the Spaniards have fhamefully denied us

that I hope the Spaniards will yet be chaftifed for their infolence, injustice, and barbarity; for, particularly in the affair of the Antigallican, the Spaniards have flung us a bone, which the English maftiff can. not grind.

IT

T feems there has been a tax lately impofed in Sweden upon celibacy.---. Don't you think the promoting of marrage is as much wanting in this kingdom, at this time, as in any place upon the globe?--I will then venture to propofe a method, which will, I hope, be effectual in fome time, and agreeable to both fexes.-Suppofe then,

Fir, That as no true virtue or real goodnefs can be without religion, every young girl, at the age of fourteen years, fhould be able to give a tolerable good a.count of the religion he was educated in; and that they never mifs the Sacrament in the parish church, if they can poffibly attend it.

Secondly, That at the fame age they fhould be alfo well verfed in the hiftory of their own country, as alfo to have fome knowledge of univerfal hiftory.

Thirdly, That no girl, from the age of nine years, until the age of twenty, fhould wear either shift or cap that he did not make, or help to make her felf.

Fourthly, That for the fame time they fhould neither eat of pudding or pye, until they could completely make both well, or at least one of them.

Fifthly, That they fhould never handle a card until twenty years of age, or if never after, the better.

Sixthly, That upon its appearing that any young lady is fo educated, and really riftrefs of thefe feveral qualifications, they fhall be confidered as equal to gool. in her fortune.

There is not any thing more certain, than that as the young women are, fo will

the young men be.---According to the custom of almoft every nation upon earth, and moft properly, the women are to be courted; if then they are virtuous and pruden', the young men will quickly know that virtue and prudence only can obtain the conqueft, and they would foon become the fafhion.---See then what women could do; they have it in their power to reform all the young men of the age, and what have they to answer for, if they lose a moment in fetting about it? An unaffected look of displeasure or difapprobation from a virtuous woman, will awe the greatest profligate that ever lived.---" So awful goodness is."

I would venture to answer with my life, that if what I have here proposed was but purfued for five years, we should have fifty marriages for one we have now; and, as the number of inhabitants are the riches of a trading nation, a very few years would make us an induftrious thriving people.

It is faid there was once a nation, who banised all the women, and that, in a very short time after, the men let their beards and nails grow to fuch a length, and became fuch filthy creatures, that they were rather brutes than of the human fpecies, and quickly called the pretty creatures home.

It is well known, that whenever the renowned Julius Cæfar would carry any great event, he first took care to fecure the good will and inclination of the ladies, and he was then fure to carry his point with the

men.

On