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for Holy Orders, it will be found most useful to those who, in the way of self-examination, endeavour to realize the responsibilities of their commission. The extent of the subject naturally produces an appearance of vagueness; but, making all allowance for this, we should have been pleased with some hints on the duty and method of giving spiritual advice. Indeed, scientific theology, whether ascetic or dogmatic, has so little prominence, that it is easier to observe a defect in these respects than to remedy it. The author evidently writes from experience.

'Les Veillées de Dimanche' (Burns, and Seeley) is a French translation of Dean Wilberforce's Agathos,' and other Stories. It is intended, we conceive, for our female schools, in which, by the bye, the French books are generally insufferably bad. This is a great advance upon Genlis, and even Cottin: and there is now a chance of banishing Wanostrocht.

'Rise and Progress of the Tinnevelly Missions,' (S. P. C. K.), by Dr. Robinson and Mr. Clarke, is a most interesting account of the important movement-may it bear fruit!-in the Indian Church.

The Bishop of Madras' Visitation Journal' (Rivingtons) is very graphic characteristically fervid, and so real, that, apart from the author's station, we are not disposed to look minutely into phraseology and expressions which are only conventional. The intercourses with sectarian teachers are, however, perplexing.

'Illustrations of the Doctrine and Discipline of the Church from the Apostolical Fathers, (Cleaver,) by Mr. Wilson, Curate of Liverpool, is on the plan of the Bishop of Lincoln's three volumes. The present is a careful and complete analysis. Is is not rather premature to speak of the Apostolical Fathers, and only to recognise the works of SS. Clement, Ignatius, and Polycarp?

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A new edition of Mr. Bloxam's deservedly popular Manual of Gothic Architecture,' (Bogue,) suggests to us, with our great admiration of it, the remark that architectural detail is not the place for the introduction of strictly theological matter, which we sometimes observe in this book.

'The Swedish Brothers,' (Walters, Rugeley), being one of the Juvenile Englishman's Library,' we consider unhappy only when it introduces allusions to present disputes. This, surely, is not a respectful' form in which to allude to distinguished names, and severe distresses, among us. The tale exhibits considerable powers of description: but the author must have been aware, that the blessings of an Episcopal Church, which have been preserved to Sweden,' (p. 125,) are at the somewhat important expense of the succession.

We are reminded of this fact by a contemporaneous publication: viz. Review of the present State of the Church of Christ, by the Archbishop of Upsal, translated from the Swedish by G. W. Carlson,' (Rivingtons). There is a great amount of curious and valuable information, especially

relating to the Eastern bodies, in this volume: but judging from what is said of ourselves, it must be received with caution. We really were not aware, that, in conformity with the breviaries brought to Oxford from France and Belgium, are held Matins, Nocturns, and Festivals, to the memory of faithful Englishmen, (as Bishop Ken,)' or that Clerical Societies are numerously attended, in which the ministerial duties, but particularly that of Confession, are the subjects of discussion,' pp. 148, 149. "Tis distance lends enchantment to the view.' Incidentally, we collect that the Swedish system is pure Lutheranism-with a pseudo-Episcopacy, as a áрeрyov. An Appendix contains an account of the strangest mixture of Mesmerism and Fanaticism, the Preaching Epidemic,' which is quite new to us. One characteristic, and a very awful one, of all these recent religious and physical influences is, that their subjects are generally young females.

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The Architecture of York Cathedral arranged Chronologically,' by F. Bedford, (W. Hargrove, York.) This is one of the most attractive in appearance of many similar charts recently published. It seems well suited to its object, which is, probably, to give merely an elementary knowledge of the distinctions between the styles of Christian architecture, though it is not likely to recommend itself to advanced students, since it is not accompanied by mouldings, sections, and similar details. The idea of taking all the examples from one building is very good, because the student is assured by it that the peculiarities which distinguish them from one another are characteristic of the styles, not of the locality.

'Jewish Emancipation,' by an Israelite, (Nutt.) Judaism appears from this pamphlet to be divided into liberal and illiberal. This is the production of a liberal Jew. He calls upon his co-religionists to give up that attachment to forms, which stamps them as a body; and urges that they cannot expect political enfranchisement from the nation, till they enfranchise themselves from superstition. So far from setting an honourable 'example of liberality nothing can be narrower than the limits we grant 'to action and opinion; even the slightest dissent, the slightest difference ' of practice, immediately encounters the hostility and persecution of the 'elders of our community These apparently pious men are our 'worst enemies, for they encourage untruthfulness.' We cannot take more than an ab extra interest in this controversy.

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'Spain, Tangier, &c. visited in 1840 and 1841,' by X. Y. Z. (Clarke.) These letters give a good deal of information about Spain, of the light gossiping kind, but pleasantly told.

'Present State of the Reformed Church in France,' by Edmond Scherar, D.D. (Hatchard.) Dr. Scherar describes the state of the Reformed Church, of which he is a member, as 'intolerable.' 'Our schools of theology teach 'pell-mell orthodoxy and rationalism! Any professor may, uncontrolled, ' and we must acknowledge, without failing in any engagement, overthrow ' revealed religion by criticism, and natural religion by speculation. The 'Pastors enjoy the same latitude, and the churches and consistories, 'opposed to each other, the same also. All this is ridiculous; it is hateful.'

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The Reformed Church,' he adds, has truly ceased to exist in the rank of 'the other religious communities; its name remains, but now only designates a corpse, a phantom, or, if you please, a remembrance, and a hope. It has ceased to exist!'

The School Dictionary of Antiquities,' by Dr. Smith, (Murray, and Taylor and Walton,) is so nice-looking a book, that we regret that we have no acquaintance with the larger work which it abridges. We hear, however, that it is getting, and we hope that it deserves, an extensive popularity. Still, we cannot avoid a sigh over the departed glories of our ancient friends-sometimes, perhaps, foes-Potter, Adams, and Lempriere.

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The Rev. T. Tunstall Smith has published Two Explanatory Treatises on the Sacraments,' the object of which is to ease the minds of some persons who have lately seen a meaning given to their language on the Mr. Smith endeavours to Sacraments, and have been disturbed by it. prove that their language need not bear this meaning; and that, therefore, they may go on holding the same language and the same opinions that they have done, without any alteration of either. Mr. Smith's advice will probably be followed.

'Scriptural Lessons between Charles and his Mother,' by Lady Charles Fitzroy, (Longman.) Hooker, Patrick, Bryant, Wells, and Horne, are hardly the authorites to quote at length to very little children. The authoress enters too much into Scriptural difficulties; and puts ideas into children's heads which had better be kept out.

'Five Discourses on the Book of Genesis,' by the Rev. John Jervis White Jervis, (Longman.) Whether Mr. Jervis has other features of philosophy or not, he possesses its serenity and ease in considerable perfection. His style does him profound justice, and produces its effect. His reflections present majestic vacuity. His opinion of the Early Church runs thus:— 'General Depravity-Fatal Errors-Unsound Standards of Piety-Con'fusion with regard to Doctrine-Inability of Divines-Darkness.' In one page the margin has 'Episcopal Violence;' the following is the proceeding to which the term is applied: ' In Gaul the temples of the pagan gods were 'destroyed, and the statues were pulled down by Martin, Bishop of Tours.' But we have a bolder side of Mr. Jervis to look at. Mr. Jervis prefers the religion of Mahomet to the Christianity of that day; compares Mahomet to Moses, and makes him the spreader of a pure and spiritual worship, to the confusion of the Canaanites, and Idolaters, i. e. Christians. The 'spiritual worship of God was diffused with the volume of the perspicuous 'Kuràn.' Mr. Jervis is meditating a new translation of the Bible, of which he gives one or two specimens: e.g. for Gen. iii. 15, 'It shall bruise thy 'head, and thou shalt bruise his heel,'-' He shall beset thee in the front, and 'thou shalt beset him in the rear.' Abraham is Abh Raahaum,' Jehovah, Yahaweh.' These harmless pedantries are refreshing after so much impiety. Why cannot Mr. Jervis be content with that channel of gratification, and save the unnecessary guilt? Is it not a pity that a person should talk blasphemy, when he really only means to talk nonsense?

'A Letter to the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, on the Present State of the Parish of St. Pancras, their Peculiar,' by the Rev. Henry Hughes, M.A. Perpetual Curate of All Saints, Gordon-square, St. Pancras. This is an earnest, straightforward, and well-stated appeal to the Chapter of St. Paul's, to aid in furnishing more churches and schools for this destitute parish. St. Pancras has, including the known additions since the last census, 140,000 inhabitants. One single parish has thus more souls in it than some English counties. For this population there are only 14 churches, accommodating 17,000 persons. This is only a provision for 50,000, taking the common proportions of church-room: in St. Pancras it is made to serve for nearly three times that number. There are 5,000 children under instruction; and on the common average, there should be 14,000. • Some persons,' Mr. Hughes very sensibly says, 'are fond of looking at an array of 'figures, and congratulating themselves on results, without comparing ' them with what they might and ought to be.' It is not the absolute numbers that should be attended to in these cases, but the proportions. What are 14 churches to 140,000? People would stare at hearing that in the county of Hereford, or Bedford, there were only 14 churches. It would shock them. But the case of our city populations seems to be considered irremediable, and the facts of spiritual destitution here are become part of an order of nature to us. When will the conscience of the Church revive, and shake off this notion of impossibilities, which keeps it contented with its present small hold over these districts. They are only impossibilities when they are thought so.

The second volume of 'Transactions of the Exeter Architectural Society,' has commenced under very promising auspices; this Society seems to carry away the palm from the Diocesan Associations. We are glad to see that a suggestion which we offered has been adopted: we allude to the great importance of the wood-work in the churches of the western counties. The present number contains engravings of the rood-screen at Coleridge. Some good coloured prints of glass are also given. There are two valuable papers, one on Open Roofs, and another on Church Dilapidation, of which we can speak more highly than of one on Church Symbolism, which is not a very happy versification of Durandus. Miscellaneous the present part assumes to be, but verses are, we think, quite out of place here.

One or two publications on Church Music have reached us, among which, Mr. Druitt's able and earnest appeal—' A Popular Tract on Church Music, with Remarks on its Moral and Political Importance,' &c. (Rivingtons,) deserves to be especially mentioned. With the exception of a few incautious expressions on the kind of Music best adapted for Divine Worship, we can cordially recommend this pamphlet for general circulation. We can see that we differ from him not in principle, but in detail.

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Mr. Spencer's little publications- Explanation of the Church Modes,''A Hymnal,' &c. (Bell,) will be useful in their way;-which we fear is more than can be said of Mr. Brooks's oblong folio-' Morning Service as used at S. Philip's, Stepney.' He has unhappily taken to altering some of the old music, and certainly not for the better.

An article from our last number, on the Martin Marprelate Controversy, has been reprinted, with some curious additions (Pickering,) by its author, Mr. Maskell; and a very pretty book it is, in Whittingham's pleasant typography.

Mr. Freebairn has engraved Flaxman's noble design of the Shield of Achilles, by the curious French process of Glyptography, which is so eminently suited for medallic and chased work. It makes a splendid series of plates, in the purely classical style.

'Chavenage, a Tale on the Cotswolds of the year 1648,' by Mr. Huntley, (Burns,) is a well-principled and well-executed attempt to embody in verse the traditions and oral histories of a picturesque locality. The author throws himself with very engaging reality into the noble scenery of the Great Rebellion; and the work ought to have more than a local fame. It is quite in the right spirit. The versification is Crabbe's.

Several volumes of poetry we reserve for a future article: but, from experience, we find the intentions of reviewers are like lovers' vows. With the same view we postpone a very important work, Lappenberg's 'History of the Anglo-Saxon Kings, translated by Mr. Thorpe.' (Murray.) It comes from a high historical school.

A very able and well-principled publication of Mr. Abraham of Eton, 'Lectures on Ancient and Modern History,' has been adopted as a textbook for the use of the school. Mr. Abraham's principle is that 'of the Unity of History; the Church of Christ being considered to be the centre, 'towards which Ancient History verged, and from which Modern History 'radiates,' (p. 122.) Perhaps it is unavoidable in our present state, but there is a melancholy significance in the consideration, that 'the authorities ' of the school have thought it advisable that the Lectures which deal with 'too decidedly controversial subjects should not be inserted in the School 'Edition,' Where an authoritative guide is most required, there boys are left to get truth as they can.

'The Moral Phenomena of Germany,' by Thomas Carlyle, Esq. of the Scottish Bar, (Painter,) is a very remarkable, and inconsistently consistent, Irvingite production. The wonderful amount of good in this body is strikingly overruled by one or two most daring assumptions, which seem rather mental phenomena than the result of processes either moral or intellectual.

But of all the strange aberrations of one of the cleverest men in England, Mr. Henry Drummond's 'Letter to Sir R. Inglis on the Payment of the Roman Catholic Clergy,' (Murray,) is the most grotesquely amusing. Its fun must have told like a succession of electric shocks on the excellent Baronet. Think of the following: 'And now, my dear Sir Robert, let me ask you, "What is the use of the Universities?" Of course I omit the 'use of one in sending you to the House of Commons-but barring that 'use, of what other are they?' P. 30. I am urged to the desire of seeing

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