supplied by pious pastors, and devout ministers, that were constant professors of the protestant faith, yet, by spies and intelligencers, such cavils have been made at their doctrines and disciplines, that, notwithstanding their charge of wife and children, and that their utter undoings impended upon the taking away of their means, yet they have been supplanted, that the other might subsist in their places; the first turned out, the latter taken in; but that which far transcends the former, that he hath laboured to suppress the French and Dutch protestant churches here in London, who, for their conscience and religion's sake, have abandoned their countries to avoid persecution, and have made this famous city their asylum and sanctuary for themselves and families.

It hath been observed also, that he never gave censure upon a jesuit, or seminary, or any Popish priest, though brought before him by his own warrant, and the pursuivant employed by himself. For, though apprehended, yet they were never punished; but, if to-night imprisoned, to-morrow infranchised and set at liberty; or else he so cautelously and cunningly dealt by his agents, Secretary Windibank, Sir John Lambe, and others, that they were sent abroad, and he scen to have no hand in the business; when, in the interim, all the rigorous sentences that passed him, were against the zealous professors of our protestant religion.

A poor curate, having long waited to speak with this great archbishop, and being, after much attendance, admitted to his presence, in their discourse, the great metropolitan told him, he was an idle fellow; to whom the other replied, it is most true, for, had I not been so, I could not have spared so many idle hours to attend upon your grace, to such small purpose. At which he being much moved, said, Why, what fellow dost thou think of us bishops? Who replied, I will, in plain terms, tell your grace what I think of you: I can no better compare you, than unto the huge brass andirons, that stand in great men's chimmies, and us poor ministers to the low creepers: You are they that carry it out in a vain glorious shew, but we the poor curates undergo, and bear the burthen. Another told him, when he used to play upon other men's miseries, that his lordship must needs be witty (he being a very little man) that his head and his heart were so near together.

Some have observed, that, as he was a prelate, and primate, so he greatly favoured the letter P. (by which may be conjectured) the Pope, whose emblasons, amongst other of his pontifical escutcheons, are three bishops, viz. (I take it three bibles); and, to shew he much affected that episcopal letter, his three benevolent and well beneficed chaplains were Browne, Bray, and Baker. And, for the letter P, he was also a great patron and protector to Dr. Pocklington, who, for publishing one book, called, Sunday is no Sabbath, wherein he vilified all the obser vance due to Dies Domini, the Lord's Day; and another, intituled, The Christian's Altar, wherein he would have first produced, and after propagated popish superstition, he did confer upon him three or four benefices, worth some two or three hundred per annum, and a prebendary in Windsor, valued at three hundred more by the year.

Many are the probabilities that he purposed to bring popery into the kingdom; as the Scotch Service-book, differing from our English liturgy, especially in words concerning receiving the eucharist, or Lord's supper, which was the first incendiary of all these late troubles between the two kingdoms of England and Scotland, in which some blood hath been drawn, but infinite treasure exhausted. Apparency needeth no proof; but that we leave to the censure of the higher powers, being an argument, as it hath been long, so now at this present in agitation: Yet the better to define that which before was disputable, when he came first into the Tower, and not being acquainted with the place, he desired, that by no means he should be lodged where the Bishop of Lincoln had before lain; and, being demanded the reason, because they were sweet and good, he made answer, O, but I fear they smell so of puritanism, that the very air will half stifle or choak me. These, sympathising with the rest, may give the world room to suspect his religion.

Upon Monday, being the tenth of May, when it was known that the lieutenant should prepare himself to die, tidings was brought to the archbishop of the setting up of the scaffold upon Tower-hill, whereon the deputy of Ireland was to suffer death; he immediately spoke to his men, saying, It is no matter when or where we die, so we first have time to make our peace and reconciliation with God; we are all of us born to die, though there be many several ways to death; for death must at last conquer, and have victory over the bodies of all flesh whatsoever. Be of good comfort, do not ye be discouraged for me: I am a man of sorrow, and born to this sorrow: Lord, give me strength to bear thy chastisements patiently, and endure them constantly, even to the end and period of my life: I am indeed a man born of a woman, of a short continuance, and full of trouble and heaviness; a man indeed, made like to vanity, and compared to the flowers of the field, here this day, it may be, gone to-morrow; nay, I am worse, a child of wrath, a vessel of dishonour, begotten in uncleanness, living in care and wretchedness, and dying in distress. O Lord, I will cry unto thee night and day, before I pass through this vale of misery; I will sum up all my offences, I will confess my vileness before thee, and will not be ashamed; for true confession is the very way whereby I may come unto thee, who art the way, and the only true way, that leads unto life éternal.

O the most happy life which the angels enjoy, in the right blessed kingdom, void of death everlasting; where no times succeed by ages, where the continual day without night hath no end, where the conquering soldier, joined to that joyful choir of angels, and crowned with the crown of everlasting glory, doth sing to his God a song amongst the songs of Sion.

I meddle not with any state business whatsoever; but it seems he bore no great affections to the Scots, which is probable, by the little love they bare unto him: But most sure we are, that he was arrested of high and capital treason, first committed to the knight of the black rod, and thence conveyed to the Tower, where, ever since, he hath been in custody Ff

VOL. IV,

of the lieutenant, of whose demeanor, during his abode there, I shall next speak, by the true information of some credible persons that have observed his deportment. He was not only frequent and fervent in, and at his orisous in his own chamber, where he spent the greatest part of the morning at his private meditations, but very careful and observant at the week day's service, at the chapel; but especially on the Lord's Day he came duly, and prostrated himself devoutly on his knees, giving great attention both to the service and sermon; and taking special notice of some particular psalms that were sung before the parson went up into the pulpit, especially the second part of the three and thirtieth psalm, the second part of the forty-ninth, and the first part of the hundred and fortieth, which are worthy any man's reading, being so aptly picked out for that purpose, he called the clerk unto him, and courteously demanded of him, Whether he happened on them by accident, or had called them out by his own conceit? The plain old man ingenuously confessed unto him, That he chose them out purposely to put him in mind of his present estate; at the which he modestly smiling, made him no further answer, but departed towards his lodging. Further, he was heard to say, that, if ever God delivered him from that present durance, and that the King would restore him to his pristine dignities, he would much improve that place, meaning the church, in remembrance that he had been there a prisoner. It is also reported, that a gentleman of quality coming to the Tower to give him a visit, and, asking his grace how it fared with him at that present; he made him answer, I thank God I am well, for it hath pleased his sacred Majesty, my Sovereign, to provide for me an honourable and convenient lodging, where I have good and wholesome fare, and where, notwithstanding all my troubles and tribulations, I never yet broke an hour of my usual and contented sleep. And the morning when the late Earl of Strafford passed by his lodging, as he was led to the place of execution, and moved his hat unto him, then standing, and looking out of his window, he held up his hands and eyes towards heaven, without speaking any thing audible to the observers, as if he prayed earnestly, and inwardly, for the salvation of his soul, &c. He was observed also sometimes to speak those words of the psalmist, Psalm lxxxii. ver. 6, 7. I have said, ye are gods, and children of the Most High, but ye shall die as men, and ye princes fall like others, &c.

POSTSCRIPT.

AH, bishops! Where's your power you brag'd of late
Was unremoveable? Where's that glorious state
You pray'd in? Are your pompous mitres, copes,
Thus quickly chang'd for halberts, if not ropes ?
What! has the blue-head Scot thus turn'd the game,
That what before was glory, now's your shame?

Can Lesley's regiment thus wheel about,
The brigade of our clergy? Put to rout
Our bishops, deans, and doctors; not a man,
Amongst so vast a multitude, that can,
With all their titles, dignities, withstand
The Switzish-Scottish elderships command?
Has Calvin's doctrine puzzled all your choir,
Silenc'd your organs, and yourselves with fear?
Can neither Laud's, nor Wren's, strong canons make
Stiff Henderson subscribe; nor yet to quake
At the report? What! Were they not of strength}
Or naught❜ly cast? Or did they fail in length
Invent some stratagem, employ your brains,
And answer the pure challenger with strains
Of primitive doctrine; that the world may see
The apostolick warrant for the prelacy.
Employ your chaplains pens, and muster all
The stalls of prebends; for the time doth call,
And waits an answer: Give some living to
Some scholar, that this venturous task shall do,
The cause concerns you nearly: Will ye not
Now vindicate the quarrel with the Scot?
Why did ye enter in the lists, and mould
Your canons to dismount Geneva's hold?
Ye did begin the counter-march, and would
Ye thus fly off again, if that ye could?
The Exonian prelate hath twice given a charge,
One jesuit hath given fire unto 't at large:
Both miss'd the mark, march on, and quickly mine
Yourselves, and prove your prelacy divine.
Where are your chaplains, all so far renown'd,
Who for your cause, the like could not be found?
They have great skill in cringing, bowing, writing,
Let's see their weapons, and their skill in fighting;
Produce their arg'ments for such store of wealth,
Gotton by simony, base usury, and stealth.
Let's know your tenure, by what right ye hold
Such store of livings? And yet starve the fold,
Do not delude us longer with such toys,
More fit for mimick apes, or slaves, or boys:
Now speak, or never, else you will be thought
To be Rome's calves, far better fed than taught.

SIR THOMAS ROE'S SPEECH *

IN PARLIAMENT.

WHEREIN HE SHEWETH

The Cause of the Decay of Coin and Trade in this Land,

ESPECIALLY

OF MERCHANTS TRADE.

And also propoundeth a way to the House, how they may be increased.

Printed in the year, 1641. Quarto, containing twelve pages.

IT

T is a general opinion, that the trade of England was never greater, and it may be true, that if it be so, yet it will not absolutely conclude, that the kingdom doth increase in riches, for the trade may very abundant, and yet, by consumption and importance of more than is expected, the stock may waste.

be

The balance would be a tiue solution of the question, if it could be rightly had; but, by reason it must be made up by a medium of the books of rates, it will be very uncertain.

Therefore we must seek another rule, that is more sensible, upon which we may all judge, and that may be by the plenty or scarcity of money; for it is a true rule, if money increase, the kingdom doth gain by trade; if it be scarce, it loseth.

Let us therefore consider; first, whether our gold and silver be not decreased, and then by what means it is drained; and lastly, how it may be prevented, and what remedies are applicable to effect it.

It is out of doubt our gold is gone to travel without license, that is visible beyond seas, and every receiver of sums of money must find it privately; and I fear the same of silver, for observing the species of late coining many half crowns were stamped, which are no more to be seen, and by this measure, I conclude the kingdom grows poor.

The causes of this decay of money may be many, it may be stolen out for profit, going much higher beyond seas, especially in France and Holland.

Much hath been drawn away by the stranger upon fears of our

→This is the 156th number in the Catalogue of Pamphlets in the Harleian Library.