PAPERING.

TALK:

The one thing to emphasize here is the fact that wall paper is sold in rolls and no part of a roll can be bought, so exact estimates are out of place.

Be sure to buy enough paper, even if you buy several rolls more than are needed, for unbroken rolls can be returned.

Don't go into details about the subject of papering, as it is seldom that the pupil exercises his knowledge of it. The paper-hanger does the estimating and is not very particular about close estimates either. Notice how quickly he estimates how many rolls will be required.

Facts That Should be Known about Wall Paper.

1. Wall paper in this country is yd. wide, and comes in rolls 8 yd. long, or in double rolls, 16 yd. long.

2. It is sold by the roll only.

3. Bordering is sold by the linear yard.

4. Make liberal allowances for waste in matching figures.

5. If the border is wide, the strips need not extend to the ceiling.

The usual way of reckoning amount of paper required,

1. Measure the distance around the room in feet.

2. Deduct the width of doors and windows.

3. Divide the difference by 1, and the quotient will be the number of strips needed.

4. Multiply the number of strips by the number of yards in a strip, and the product is the NUMBER OF YARDS NEEDED, approximately.

5. Divide the number of yards by 8, and the result is the NUMBER OF SINGLE ROLLS NEEDED.

A. H.-18

For rooms of ordinary height,

1. Find the distance around the room in feet.

2. Deduct width of doors and windows.

3. Divide the difference by 7, and this will give the NUMBER OF DOUBLE ROLLS REQUIRED.

PROBLEM:

A room of ordinary height, 16 ft. by 24 ft., has 3 windows and 2 doors, each 4 ft. wide. How many rolls of paper are needed to paper the sides?

SOLUTION:

Distance around the room

Width of doors and windows

80 ft.

20 ft.

After deducting for doors and windows 60 ft. 60+7=84, or 9 double rolls.

PROBLEM:

How much paper will be required for the ceiling? SOLUTION:

Each strip is 18 in., or 1 ft. wide, and as many strips will be needed as 1 is contained times in 24, or 16.

851

Each strip is 16 ft., or 5 yd. long, and since there are 16 strips, there will be needed 16 × 51 yd. yd., or 86 yd.

Each single roll contains 8 yd., so there will be as many rolls as 8 is contained times in 86, or 10. Hence, 11 single rolls will be required.

PLASTERING AND PAINTING.

Facts That Should be Known about Plastering and Painting.

1. Plastering or painting is usually done by the square yard.

2. Allowance is made for one half the area of the openings.

3. Allowance is made for base-boards and wainscoting.

NOTE. Ask the pupil why plasterers and painters are unwilling to deduct the total area of openings.

PROBLEM:

Find the cost of plastering the walls and ceiling of a room 30 ft. by 25 ft. and 9 ft. high, at 20 per square yard, allowing 300 sq. ft. for openings.

SOLUTION:

The number of square feet on the two sides of the room is 30 × 9 × 2, or 540.

The number of square feet on the two ends is 25 × 9 × 2, or 450.

The number of square feet on the ceiling is 30 × 25, or 750.

The total number of square feet in the room = 540+ 450 +750, or 1740.

Since 300 sq. ft. are deducted for openings, the actual surface to be plastered is 1740 sq. ft. -300 sq. ft., or 1440 sq. ft.

If 1 square yard cost 20, 160 sq. yd. will cost 160 × 20, or $32.

TALK:

CARPETING.

Most carpet houses employ men for visiting homes to take measurements for carpets. The carpets are cut, sewed, and matched before they are delivered.

Notwithstanding this, it is valuable for us all to understand something of carpeting.

Facts That Should be Known about

Carpeting.

1. Carpeting is usually yd. wide and is sold by the linear yard.

2. Always draw a diagram of the floor or stairs to be covered.

3. The number of yards required depends on which way the strips run- whether lengthwise or across the room. Sometimes by running the strips lengthwise, there is less waste in matching the pattern.

4. The part cut off in matching patterns is charged to the purchaser.

The required number of yards will be,

The number of yards in a strip (including the waste for matching), multiplied by the number of strips.

PROBLEM:

What is the cost of carpeting a room 16 ft. × 24 ft., at 85 per yard? The carpet is 21 ft. wide and the strips run lengthwise.

Test the pupil now with a problem like this:
Which way is it best to lay a carpet 1 yd. wide

on a floor 24 ft. by 17 ft., so that no strip must be cut off, or turned under, at the sides? How many yards will be required, no allowance being made for matching the pattern?

NOTE.-Be sure to draw a diagram.

PROBLEM:

How many yards of carpet must I buy for a room 24 ft. 30 ft., carpet 27 in. wide, strips to run lengthwise ?

SOLUTION:

27 in. = 21 ft.

=

2421 10. Hence, I must get 11 strips.

=

303 10, which is the number of yards in a strip.

This picture shows a pile of wood that is 4 ft. high, 8 ft. long, and made up of sticks 4 ft. long. Such a pile is called a cord.

To the left is seen a pile of sticks 4 ft. long, 4 ft. high, and 1 ft. wide.

Such a pile is called a cord foot.