SEC. 14.] THIRD DECLENSION, THE STEM. 31 SECTION 14. THIRD DECLENSION--(Continued): THE STEM. The nouns of the third declension which have been given so far have been declined by adding the case-endings to the nominative singular. But in order to decline the greater number of nouns of this declension it is necessary to know another case as well. Judex, a judge, for instance, is thus declined : It is not to judex, but to judic-, that the case-endings are added.1 (47.) 1. Militibus Germanis bellum gratum est. 2. Regina diligentiam militum laudat. 4. Fratres praemiis reginae contenti sunt. 1 English words derived from the Latin sometimes help one to remember how a Latin noun is declined; the word " military" reminds one that miles makes militem, etc., so “judicial,” judex, judicem : regal," rex, regem: "margin," margo, marginem: "capital," caput, capitis; and many others. SEC. 104.] VERBS, PASSIVE VOICE. 249 10. Nobis ipsis injuriae nostrae gravissimae videbantur. 11. Ille vir omnium sapientissimus haberi dicitur. 12. Hi viri jure optimo fortissimi habiti sunt. (294.) 1. The boys were sitting every day in the garden. 2. That city was being besieged in vain. 3. Marcus now possesses his brother's books. 4. Caesar, you have been praised by all the citizens ! 5. He has been judged the wisest of all. 6. Your little brother will have been frightened by the lightning. 7. Will you not be delighted with your elder son's diligence ? 8. You will not, will you, be frightened by the spirited horse? 9. The sailors have been warned again and again. 10. Marcus has always been considered, and is, a very good citizen, XXIV. A Cork Leg. Viator Britannicus, a fera quadam atque inculta gente captus, diu de salute sua desperabat. Tandem novum quidem et inauditum consilium capit. Cultrum enim primo in alterum crus (corticeum erat) ridens infixit: mirantur qui circumstabant barbari, et paululum recedunt. Deinde totum crus exuit, et minaci vultu manibus supra caput vibravit. Tum vero illi, maximo commoti timore, summa vi in pedes se dederunt. In Globe 8vo. Price 4s. 6d. [First Edition printed 1890. Reprinted 1893, 1896] MACMILLAN'S LATIN COURSE SECOND PART BY A. M. COOK, M.A., AND W. E. P. PANTIN, M.A. ASSISTANT MASTERS IN ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL PREFACE THE student of Latin has a threefold task to accomplish before he can read the Latin writers with any ease. In the first place, he must make himself familiar with the inflections. In the second place, he must acquire a considerable vocabulary. In both these respects Latin presents no serious difficulty; in both it is easier than Greek. The Greek irregular verb, with all its variety of forms for prose and poetry, taxes the strongest memory; the Latin irregular verb is easily acquired by any industrious student. With the vocabulary too there is much less labour involved; so many of the words wear a familiar aspect. But though the first two steps that have to be made by the student of Latin are not difficult, the third part of the task is by no means easy. The words taken singly are easily mastered, but it is nevertheless true that Latin is a peculiarly difficult language to read, that the relation of the words to one another is not easily detected without considerable practice. The reason of this is, no doubt, that many of the commonest Latin constructions have no counterpart in English. For example, in translating Dixit se valere, we cannot use our infinitive; we cannot imitate the construction of the sentence Oravit me ut venirem. Where Latin uses a participle we more often prefer a separate clause. It is not necessary to multiply instances to show that in the construction of sentences-and, we might add, in the order of words-the Latin language is peculiarly unlike our own. Hence Latin sentences seem strange and difficult to us; and this strangeness only wears off when we have got thoroughly accustomed to the Latin constructions. Our principal object in the present volume is to introduce the beginner to the commonest Latin constructions, and, by continual practice, to make him quite familiar with them. Our plan is to explain the Latin usage in as few words as possible, avoiding as far as we can technical terms, to which the young student necessarily attaches no definite meaning. We then give at least one Latin and one English exercise dealing chiefly with the point explained, and in subsequent exercises we never leave it out of sight for long. We have endeavoured to present each construction only in its simplest form, occasionally suggesting in a note that there is more to learn. Many of the books most commonly put into the hands of beginners seem to us more difficult than they need be, because they give too much information, so that even the most intelligent boys are puzzled with a mass of details, SEC. 104.] VERBS, PASSIVE VOICE. 249 10. Nobis ipsis injuriae nostrae gravissimae videbantur. (294.) 1. The boys were sitting every day in the garden. 2. That city was being besieged in vain. 3. Marcus now possesses his brother's books. 4. Caesar, you have been praised by all the citizens 5. He has been judged the wisest of all. |