intimacy between the artists and the company; the late Sir JOSHUA REYNOLDS was a member of the company.

But one of their greatest benefactors was the late JOHN STOCK, Esq. of Hampstead. This gentleman, who departed this life in the year 1781, bequeathed the following legacies: For four scholars, to be brought up at Christ's Hospital (in the three per cents.)

To the Painter-Stainers Company, for ten poor journeyinen and decayed masters, 10l. per annum each To the Mercers Company, for presenting a scholar from St. Paul's school, to Benet College, Cambridge To the parish of Hampstead, for a school To the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy, wi. dows and children To the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy, for ten poor curates

£.

3000

4200

1000

1000

300

3500

7000

To the Painter Stainers Company for twenty blind men and women, at 10l. per annum each

To Christ Church, Surrey

To Faringdon Ward Within School

To the Society for propagating the Gospel

To the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Ma

nufactures and Commerce

100

100

100

100

100

50

50

To the Magdalen ditto

There are four sorts of painting, which are properly called trades.

⚫ HOUSE PAINTING, which is mostly plain work within and without; though lately the modes of design and embellishment have successfully been introduced; and the houses of the inhabitants of London and other parts of Great Britain may vie with the antient fabrics of Herculaneum. SHIP PAINTING, which though in many instances plain, has also exhibited very creditable examples of superior work manship.

SIGN PAINTING, which till lately was rough work, but if such work could furnish ideas for a Hogarth, there is credit attached to it; and this branch of painting displays many good traits of genius in the various streets of the metropolis.* COACH PAINTING. There have been some most beautiful efforts of the pencil exhibited in this branch of painting. The work of CIPRIANI on his Majesty's state coach, and that of DANCE, on that of the lord mayor, are certainly efforts of fine imagination, displayed with classic purity; and let it not be a small honour derived to this portion of art and trade that it has produced a SMIRKE.

To paint, however, is to imitate Nature; and, to become a regular painter, it is indispensably necessary that an artist should serve an apprenticeship to Philosophy.

The PAINTER STAINERS COMPANY are governed by a master, wardens and court of assistants, with a livery.

By a statute made in the first year of king James I. for the benefit of the painters of London, it is enacted, “that no plaisterer shall exercise the art of a painter in the city or suburbs; or lay any colour or painting whatsoever, unless he be a servant or apprentice to a painter, or have served seven years apprenticeship to that trade, under the penalty of five pounds, but plaisterers may use whiting, blacking, red oaker, &c. mingled with size only, and not with oil."

At the bottom of this lane is

QUEENHITHE.

THIS was formerly called EDRED'S HITHE, and probably existed in the times of the Saxons. It was one of the places for ships and large boats to discharge their lading; for there was a draw-bridge in one part of London Bridge, occasionally pulled up, to admit the passage of craft and large vessels; express care being taken to land corn, fish, and provisions, in different places, for the conveniency of the inhabitants;

It used to be one of the principal amusements of Hogarth to visit the eign-painters shops in Harp Alley, Fleet Market, for the purpose of introducing some of those original subjects into his pictures.

and

and other hithes were appointed for the landing of different merchandize, in order that traffic might be carried on with regularity.

In process of time it came to the crown, and king Stephen confirmed it by a grant to, William de Ipres, who has been before mentioned. William gave the farm and heritage to the prior and convent of the Holy Trinity within Aldgate, upon the condition that they should send every year 20l. towards the maintenance of the Hospital of St. Catharine; one hundred shillings to the monks of Bermondsey, and sixty shillings to the brethren of the Hospital of St. Giles; the remainder to be enjoyed by the prior and canons of the Holy Trinity.

Queenhithe afterwards reverted to the crown, and king John gave it, as part of his royal demesne to his queen Alianore. From this circumstance it took its present name.

In the 6th year of the reign of Henry III. the young king granted Ripa Reginæ to Richard de Ripariis, or de Rivers; and in the 10th year of his reign it was re-granted to Thomas de Cirencester, during the king's pleasure. The same monarch had the preceding year commanded the constable of the Tower of London to arrest the ships of the Cinque Ports on the river Thames, and compel them to bring their corn only to Queenhithe. The king, or rather his governors, took upon them, in the 11th year of his reign, to distrain all fish offered to be sold in any part of the city, except at Queenhithe. During the 28th year, an inquisition was made before William of York, provost of Beverley, Henry of Bath, and Jerome of Caxton, justices itinerant, sitting at the Tower of London, as follows:

"Our Lord the king Henry the Third commanded lord William f York, provost of Beverley, Henry of Bath, and Jeremiah of Caxton, his fellow justices itinerants at the Tower of London, in the 28th year of the reign of the said Henry, son of king John, that with all diligence, and by all the ways they could, they cause inquiry to be made, what customs belonged to the Queen's Heth, London; the year next before the war moved between the lord John, his father, and the barons of England. And when it shall appear to

them concerning those customs, and others, which belonged to the aforesaid Heth, and which were afterwards changed and alienated, they labour with all solicitude and carefulness they can, to reform the said Heth to its due state. And that the customs in the same be held in the time aforesaid.

"Before which provost and justices it was convicted by the mayor and aldermen of the city, that in the time aforesaid were three customs belonging to the foresaid Heth, to wit:

"Of every sieve, that is a measure containing five quarters of salt, that shall belong to a man that is a foreigner, or to any one of the Five Ports, and shall land and come, wheresoever it be within Worepath and Anedehethe,* or beyond, 2d, at the farm of the said Heth.

Also, if any citizen of London have part in the same sieve of salt, he shall have nothing of his portion. But the residue that belongs to strangers, shall give custom according to the quantity of

his ware.

"Also, if any bring from abroad, herring, corn, or such like, together with salt, in one ship, it hath been lawful for the queen's bailiff to take a [blank] part of the foresaid catals.

“Also, if any from abroad, and also from the Five Ports, come with salmon, if he shall bring an hundred or more, he shall give two salmons to the queen's farm.

"And, if he shall land them at the Queen's Soke, (or court) he shall give one of the best, and one of the middling sort.

And, if he shall bring less than an hundred, he shall give according to the quantity of the thing, to the fourth part.

"And if he shall bring less than the fourth part, he shall give nothing but standage.

"Also, of salt milvel (a sort of fish) the same custom is to be taken at the Queen's farm in the same Soke, which the sheriff takes for the king's use at Billingsgate.

"Also, if a stranger, and also any for the Five Ports, shall bring in his ship white herring salted, in the Queen's Soke, one hundred is to be taken out of the ship. And, if any of the citizens have a part with him, nothing to be taken from his portion.

"Also, whatsoever stranger brings the first red herring, not frailed, he shall give an hundred herrings. And others who shall

Werepath or Worepath was in the east part of the flete of Barking in Essex, and Anedeheth, was near Westminster. Stow.

come with the same kind of herrings, whether they are trailed or not, shall give nothing through the whole year, beside the standage of the ship.

"Also, if any foreigner shall buy salmon or mulvel, salted in the ship, and shall put it into another ship; for every thousand he shall give an halfpenny.

"Also, concerning salmon and mulvel bought in shops, situate in the same soke, of every hundred is to be taken 2d. as was before said concerning the ships.

"Also, of herrings bought in shops, of every thousand is to be taken an halfpenny.

"Also, of every kind of fresh fish, coming in the Queen's Soke, the same custom is to be taken, which is taken of the same kind of fish, at the Queen's Farm at London Bridge.

"Also, of every ship that saileth within Orlokes, is to be taken 2d. at the Queen's Farm, unless it be of London, or of the Five Ports.

"Also, of a ship which saileth with Tholl (or sufferance) is to be taken an halfpenny.

"Also of every shout (shoot) coming down in the Queen's Soke with corn, to be taken 1d. ob. But if with wood, without corn, ld.

"All customs before written are to be kept and held as well in the port of Douegate, as Queenhithe, for the lord the king's use.

"Also, corn which landeth between the gutter of the Guildhall of the men of Colen, (the Stilyard) and the archbishop of Canterbury's Soke, i. e. near Blackfriars, is not wont to be measured by another quartern, than by the quartern of the Queen's Soke.

Also, it belongeth to the queen's bailiff to take Scawynge, in Selda Wynton, for the queen's use, under the same form as the sheriff of London takes Scawynge elsewhere in London for the king's use, "Also, if any withdraw his custom, and depart from the city with the same custom, he falls into the mercy of the bailiff.

"Also, if any offer to pay his custom to the bailiff, or his servant, and they will not take it, although he depart from the city, he is not to be amerced.

"Also, all assizes of the city, in the hustings, provided and ordained for the amendment of the city, are to be ordained and observed in the Queen's Soke. And therefore it is a custom, that the lord the king have his seizin of all the foresaid customs, according as it is acknowledged by the same mayor and citizens. "Afterwards