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have been the means of destroying the comfort and happiness of those, they would have died rather than injure.

In conclusion, Mr. Editor, I would beg to assure you, that the medical officers of the service would rather decline having any thing to do with medicine allowance; they would prefer that Government should supply the necessaries for the sick, but at the same time they have some claim to expect a just, nay, even a liberal remuneration for their scientific labours and responsible services. Your's,

A CONSTANT READER.

LORD WILLIAM BENTINCK.

(Letter from Calcutta.)

THE most important change which was probably ever made in the Government of India, was that decree of Lord Cornwallis, known under the name of the 'self denying ordinance,' by which he limited the claims of the Company to a fixed sum of the rental in many of the provinces, allowing to capital and industry and talent, the benefit of their own accumulations. The measure has been attacked both by friends and enemies of the Indian Government; by friends, who would still keep up the system of unbounded exaction, taking all the produce, except enough to enable the ryot (or labourer) to subsist, and the small portion of the rent claimed by the Zemindar-the hereditary landlord; by enemies, who would put the ryots in possession of the lands-unfortunate people, wholly without capital, and wholly incapable of considerably increasing the productions of the soil. But the results of the measure of Lord Cornwallis have been undoubtedly good; and the value of the property on which the measure has been brought to bear, has been much increased. The system, however, has not been extended to the provinces, which since the time of Cornwallis, have been added to our Oriental empire. Again and again has the pledge been given that the ordinance should be allowed to operate on the newly conquered possessions, but the pledge continues unredeemed, though the most active advocates of the prosperity of India, among the servants of the Company, have claimed the fulfilment of a promise so often made, and so important to the Indian community.

The operation of the benevolent law referred to, has been the creation of wealth in private hands; wealth growing out of agricultural improvements, protected as they never were till Lord Cornwallis's time, and encouraged by that protection. The main source has been the vast diffusion of European capital in Indigo works, now one of the staples of the country, which has brought prosperity to most of those engaged in its production. The article is of

modern introduction-at least, on a large scale; and the success of the experiment is one of the most extraordinary and irresistible proofs of the immense capabilities in India. Now what is Lord William Bentinck doing? He is shaking the confidence of the Zemindars by inquiries into titles growing out of the Cornwallis set-, tlement, made nearly forty years ago, and seems to imagine that the rent which has accumulated in the hands of the intelligent landlord, would have belonged to the Company, but for the Cornwallis decree; i. e. that the lands would have been equally improved had the profits of the improvement been denied to the improver. If Lord Bentinck has instructions from home directing him to seek additional revenue from such a source as this, he is very ill-advised. Far better would it have been at once, and freely to extend a system productive of so much good-to do what has been so long promised, so often promised during the last twenty years-to make the Cuttack and the north-western provinces, and those to the west of the Jumna participators in the benefits of a more extended, more philanthropic, more long-sighted sagacity-especially after the evidence afforded by observations of its effects elsewhere. Instead of this, Commissioners of the revenue are lately appointed; and they are engaged in sharp and capricious inquiries into titles undisturbed since the settlement of 1793. There is as much folly as injustice in this, and it will unpopularise the Governor surely and speedily.

Then, too, he persists in that policy which taxes justice up to the maximum―aye, and beyond it-of human endurance. Your papers have already told the English public, what excitement the Stamp Act' has produced in this capital. His Lordship might have bought much good will at a cheap price, by siding with those who made so strong a case against it. He has absolutely repulsed the inhabitants who were desirous of addressing him on so important a matter. Now you were told, as it was very obvious, that the "Stamp Act' would be evaded. Bad laws defeat themselves, and are defeated by the coalition of the common interest. The Government has brought actions against those who, by mutual understanding, made the law inoperative. What then? Juries refused to convict; and though courtly Judges pleaded the cause of the Government, opinion triumphed; and now we hear of devices far more oppressive than any before existing to enforce that which, after all, will not be enforced so easily as is dreamed.

Lord William has irritated the army, too, by at once issuing a mandate which two succeeding Governments had refused to carry into effect, for reducing the pay of the officers of inferior grade. The poor and the weak here, as elsewhere, go to the wall; they are punished by an ex post facto law, which alters the understood conditions on which they entered the service.

With a word of praise-le dernier mot-I conclude. Lord William is no jobber. He seems not to exercise his patronage for private ends. His errors are not, I think, in the affections: he appears to mean well-and this is something.-(Morning Herald)

ANNALS AND ANTIQUITIES OF RAJASTHAN.

COLONEL TOD, late political agent to the western Rajpoot states, has recently given to the world, a work, entitled The Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan. To those who have any previous knowledge of the character and peculiarities of the people to whom this publication relates, the title alone is abundant recommendation. Perhaps no part of India, from Comorin to the Himmalaya, is so full of the materials of interesting inquiry, as the tract which is bounded on the north, by the Sutledge, on the south by the Vindhya mountains, on the east by the country of Boondelkhund, and on the west, by the valley of the Indus. This space, embracing a superficial area of 350,000 square miles, is peopled by a race, who for martial prowess, personal bravery and beauty, and their progress in manners and civilization, are not surpassed by any of the nations of Asia. The Rajpoot clans are our surest auxiliaries in the field; they may be converted into firm and attached friends. Had not a short-sighted purblind policy alienated their affections from the cause of our Government, they would be a strong bulwark against domestic insurrection, or foreign invasion. In the case of an irruption from the North, the warlike tribes of Oodipoor and Jodpoor, under the guidance of their hereditary Rawuts, and the disposition of European tactics, would furnish a noble garrison for the Punjab. Pity that our exactions should deprive us of such a stay, that such a people, should feel themselves to be vassals and not allies.

It is almost unnecessary to speak of the qualifications of the author for the task he has undertaken. It has long been generally understood among those who have served in the East, that to his surveys we are indebted for all that is accurately known respecting the geography of Rajasthan. Colonel Tod was attached to the Embassy sent after the close of the Mahratta war, in 1806, to the Court of Sindia. The opportunities enjoyed during this employment, were used with a degree of ability and zeal, which no one unacquainted with the sphere of their exertions, is competent to appreciate. The results of unequalled labour and research, were, in 1815, presented to the Marquis of Hastings, and contributed materially to the glorious termination of the ensuing campaign. Colonel Tod has, by this work, proved to the public what was already well known to his friends, that he is among the most distinguished in a service, eminent not only for the lustre of its military achievements, but also for the superior literary and scientific attainments of its members.

Proposing in a future number, to devote more time and space to the examination of the Annals of Rajast'han, than our engagements of this month will permit, we defer any detailed notice of

the contents of the work. We cannot, however, refrain from saying that it is written in a style often nervous and impassioned, and never degenerating into insipidity. The reflections on the condition of the people, bear the impress of much thought and extensive observation. Colonel Tod seldom deviates from his course into poliitical discussion, but when this does happen, there is a mingled firmness and moderation in his tone equally distant from the intemperate violence of party, or the meanness of sycophant applause.

of

We cannot speak too highly of the mechanical execution of the work; it is embellished with exquisitely beautiful engravings, by Finden, from drawings by Capt. Waugh, of the costumes of the Natives, and of the celebrated fortresses and monuments Rajast'hans. It is entitled to demand a place in every library with the smallest pretensions to recherche; and we sincerely congratulate the author and his friends on a production, so honourable to his taste, his learning, and his talents.

STANZAS FOR MUSIC.

BY J. H. WIFFEN, ESQ.

(From the Literary Souvenir, 1826.)

ART thou desponding? I will wake a strain
Sprightly as Pan's, when with his reeded flute
He makes the mountain-pines bow to the plain,
And charms the Oreads mute.

Art thou delighted? I will take a tone

Of gentle woe, which makes delight more dear;
Like that which Philomel, when buds are blown,
Pours in Night's serious ear.

Art thou solicitous? My song shall flow

Easy and voluble as waves that wind

Down the green dell, and leave where'er they go
A track of light behind.

Whate'er thy mood, but speak ;-thou shalt be armed
With airs to soothe, transport thee, or beguile ;
For both my heart and harp to thee are charmed
By spell of thy sweet smile.

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CIVIL AND MILITARY APPOINTMENTS, PROMOTIONS, AND
CHANGES IN INDIA.

[B. signifies Bombay-M. Madras-C. Calcutta.]

ANDERSON, John, Cadet, Engin., prom. to 2d Lieut.-C. June 15.

Aquetil, T. J., Maj. 14th N. I., app. to charge of 57th N. I., v. Heplenstale, dec. -C. Jan. 8.

Arding, C., Lieut., to officiate Interp. and Qu.-Mas. to 58th N. I., v. Mee.-C. Jan. 14.

Ainslie, M. Mr., to officiate as Commis. of Land Revenue, &c., of Cawnpore, &c.-C. Jan. 1.

Anderson, F., Esq., to be head Assist. to principal Collec. and Magis. of Malabar. -M. Feb. 17.

Auchinlerh, C. H., Assist.-Surg., app. to do duty under Garr. Surg. of Fort St. George.-M. Feb. 10.

Ardagh, Capt., to be dep. Judge-Adv.-Gen. to North Dist.-M. Feb. 3.

Alves, Capt., to be Deputy-Assist. Judge Adv.-Gen., to centre div., and Presid. of St. Thomas's Mount.-M. Feb. 3.

Aitken, J., Surg., rem. from 3d L. Inf., to 22d N. I.-M. Feb. 6.

Annesley, Jas., Surg., returned to duty.-M. Feb. 13.

Barwell, R. C., Mr., to be Collec. of Land Reven. and Customs, with charge of Salt Chokees at Dacca.-C. Feb. 6.

Becher, C., Mr., to be Commercial Resid. at Radnagore and Keerpoy.-C! Feb. 6.

Balderston, Arch., Ens. 16th N. I., to be Lieut., v. Dormer, res.-C. Jan. 17. Brown, A., Maj. 1st Eur. reg., app. to charge of 44th N. I.-C. Dec. 30.

Brown, G. G., Assist.-Surg., posted to 1st brig. horse artill., and Med. charge of 1st troop.-C. Dec. 30.

Beavan, Robt., Ens. 31st N. I., to be Lieut., v. Rowe, prom.-C. Jan. 24.

Begbie, H. P., Lieut. Artill., rem. from 3d comp. 2d batt., to 3d comp. 3d batt.
-C. Jan. 8.

Barton, E., Maj. Inf., to be Lieut.-Col., v. Hay, retired.-C. Jan. 31.
Becher, H. M., Ens., to do duty with 7th N. I.-C. Jan. 14.

Bridge, W., Ens., to do duty with 43d N. I.-C. Jan. 14

Blackhall, R., Capt. 50th N. I., app. to comm. pioneers, v. Anquetil.-C. Jan. 17. Bremer, J., Ens. 33d N. I., to be Lieut., v. Mc'Murdo, dec.-C. Feb. 5.

Buchanan, W. W., Assist.-Surg., to officiate as Civ.-Surg. at Azunghur, in absence of Dr. Cragie.-C. Feb. 5.

Baldwin, R. H., Cadet of Artill., prom. to 2d Lieut.-C. Feb. 5.

Balderston, D., Lieut., to officiate as Interp. and Quar.-Mas. to 72d N. I., v.
Boisragon.-C. Jan. 21.

Baddeley, W. C., Lieut.-Col., rem. from 53d to 41st N. I.-C. Jan 21.
Bryant, Geo., Capt., invalid, estab., on furl. to Eur. for health.-C. Jan. 9.
Brown, G., Lieut., Fort-Adj. at Surat, to take charge of Engin. dep., v. Mant.—
B. Jan. 8.

Bearan, A. W., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-B. Jan. 12.

Briggs, T., Lieut., 24th N. I., to be acting 3d Assist.-Commis.-Gen.-B. Jan. 12. Brown, G., Lieut., to have charge of bazars at Surat, v. Clieland.-B. Jan. 16. Birdwood, C., Lieut., to act as Quar.-Mas. of 3d N. I., v. Candy, absent on duty. -B. Jan. 17.

Baynes, Edw., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-B. Jan. 30.

Best, J. R., Mr., to be Judge of Jessore.-C. Feb. 17.

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