which all the laws of England then in force, were introduced into the Colonies, as far as its circumstances would permit. The Judges were deeply engaged on the Act on account of the necessity of modifying several of the existing laws to adapt them to the infant community, in particular the Bankrupt laws had engrossed their very serious attention.

Tipplers.-Captain Rossi, lately appointed to the Police of Sydney, with a view to check the excessive habit of tippling, invariably inflicts a punishment of four hours in the stocks on all those who have not five shillings to contribute to the Poor's-box.

Mr. Prinsep.-The people of Sydney are quite elated with the determination of this eminent barrister of Calcutta, to settle in Van Dieman's Land; and augur therefore, a rising tide of emigration from the wealthy shores of India.

Census.-The total population of Hobart Town, according to the town Almanac, is 5,700; that of the elder Colony is 20,000.

Emigration. The Sydney Gazette' noticing the announcement of 700 emigrants, chiefly labourers and their families, being sent out to New York from Kent and Sussex, at the expense of their parishes, says- Why are they not sent here?' The British Government ought to defray the additional expense rather than furnish the best supply to its greatest rival. A few such cargoes as this would be of greater service to the Colony than any other description of emigrants.'

Increase of Crime.-At Sydney, in 1827, there were thirty informations tried, which was considered a heavy calendar; but on that occasion a complete gaol delivery was effected. At the Sessions concluded in January this year (1829), the number of informations tried amounted to seventy, the greater part of which were for capital felonies; and there still remained fifty prisoners for trial before the Supreme Court, who had been committed during the sittings, among which are many charges of murder. The jury sat for thirty days, averaging eight hours each day; and the Court was in all occupied forty days.

Bank. The Australian Bank half-yearly Meeting took place on the 21st of January. The dividend was declared eight per cent. The institution is rapidly improving, from the 1st of July to the 31st of December £194,500 have been discounted.

THE CAPE.

Shipping.There was in Table Bay on the 24th December, no less than shipping amounting to 12,000 tons. Many of them from the East in ballast, having in vain tried for cargoes at every port. The River Plate is in a similar situation. Freights were as low as 20s. per ton; and no employment to be had.

Death of Chaka.---The news of the death of this cruel chief reached Cape Town on the 27th December. He is said to have fallen a sacrifice to a conspiracy of his own people. There were several of his favourites killed at the same time. The affairs of the Zoolahs were then administered by the chief by whom Chaka was destroyed, but it is expected that a half-brother of Chaka will be chosen his succesThe Zoolahs are at present so much reduced with their late expeditions, as to be no longer formidable to their neighbours.

sor.

Import Duties.---A letter from Port Louis, dated December 13th, states that all British manufactured goods imported from the Cape, or any port in India, are subjected to a duty of 30 per cent. with the exception of British salt provisions, which pay a duty of 15 per cent. The produce of the Cape and India remain as before, at 6 per cent.

EXTRACTS OF GENERAL ORDERS-ARMY-BOMBAY.

Bombay Castle, 14th March, 1829.---No. 108 of 1829. Some difficulty having been experienced in making a valuation of Medicines, instruments, and other Hospital Stores, as directed by General Order of the 26th ultimo, No. 85, the Governor

in Council directs that Committees assembled for this purpose, be, if possible, composed of Medical officers, or that there be, at least, one Medical Officer employed on them, and that such Committees frame a List of Medicines, &c., alphabetically arranged, with the quantities that may be found serviceable, inserted opposite, and a blank column left for the prices according.

Bombay Castle, 14th March, 1829.---No. 109 of 1829. It being of essential importance to the Interests of the Honorable Company, that the origin, progress and realization of all advances made to Engineer, and other Officers, employed in the erection of Public Works should be vigilantly observed, to prevent the useless accumulation of Balances, the Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased, in modification of the Channel of communication laid down in the 1st Article of the 3rd Section of the Engineer Regulations, dated the 1st of April, 1818, to authorize the General Pay-Master at the Presidency, and all disbursing Officers to call on all Officers receiving money for such purposes, to transmit their accounts for audit through the Offices of the Pay-Master and disbursing Officers respectively, in order that those Officers may satisfy themselves, and report to the Audit Department if otherwise, whether the Engineers, &c., have fully accounted for the advances made to them. The Governor in Council is further pleased to direct that the accounts which have hitherto been sent by the Officers themselves to the Chief Engineer, shall be forwarded from the Audit Department, to that Officer; who will then submit them to Government with his report thereon, as is done at present.

Marines.---By an order issued 3rd April, the Bombay Marine body are to be organized into a regiment, under the command of an Officer, having the rank of MajorGeneral.

CALCUTTA.

Pressing of Natives.-Complaints having been reported at head-quarters of officers forcibly pressing the Natives into their service, as begarees and coolies, the Commander-in-Chief has issued a notice, that he will punish with severity any instance of disobedience of the order of August, 1818, which prohibits the practice of such impressment.

Military Chaplains.—In reply to a letter from Bengal, relative to Military Chaplains, and how far they are to be held responsible to the Military authorities. The Court of Directors state, That the Chaplains on our establishments are amenable to the ecclesiastical tribunals for such offences only as would render the clergy of the Established Church amenable to the ecclesiastical tribunals in England; and for all other offences they are liable to be tried, as all other Europeans in India are, by the ordinary tribunals of the country. If, however, the offence should be committed out of the jurisdiction of the ordinary court, and in places where the rest of the community are subject to military law, in such a case, and in such a case alone, we deem it right that our Chaplains should be subject also to military law for all offences of temporal cognizance.'

MADRAS.

Liquor Allowance.-The Right Hon. the Governor in Council has, with a view of relieving the soldier from the discomfort and inconvenience attending the neces sity of receiving his allowance of spirits at stated periods, rescinded a standing order, and directed that the daily issue of drams from the public stores to European troops, when not marching, or in the field, shall be discontinued. Arrack will hereafter be drawn from the public stores on the 1st, 10th, and 20th of each month, upon iudent signed by quarter-masters of corps, and countersigned by commanding-officers of corps and garrisons, in proportion to the strength of regiments, not exceeding the established allowance of two drams per man per diem, which is to be paid for to the commissariat, and retailed to the men from the canteen, to that extent only, at the established rate. But commanding-officers are empowered to exclude from that indulgence, for such periods as they may think proper, all soldiers who may be undeserving of it. By this alteration the soldier Oriental Herald, Vol. 22.

2 P

will be released from the necessity of receiving a quantity of spirits at a fixed time, without reference to his own immediate inclination.

Medical Board.-Members are hereafter to be relieved at the expiration of five years. Those who have been in that station not less than two years, and have resided in India twenty years, including a three years' furlough, are allowed to retire on a pension of 500l. per annum. Those who have served five years at the Board, are allowed 7001. per annum. Superintending Surgeons, who have been in that station for the same period, with the other terms of service completed, are allowed, in the one case, 300l., and in the other, 3501. per annum.

Allowances of Aides-de-Camp.-A General Order of the 27th June, 1823, by which Aides-de-Camp were authorized to draw their salaries from the date of appointment, is cancelled, and those officers will in future receive their staff-allowances from the date of joining their stations, on the general principles applicable to all other appointments.

THE SULTAN. Mr. Macfarlane, in his clever and interesting volume on Constantinople, alluding to the tyranny and rapacity of the Sultan, says: --- I have heard certain persons, whose feelings of justice and mercy have been somewhat blunted by a long residence in the Augean stable, and a familiarity with its abominations, seek an excuse or a justification for these arbitrary proceedings, in the fact that the sufferers are servants of Government, and show by their speedy acquisition of wealth that they must betray their trust. But their arguments, bad as they are, cannot apply to the case of a wealthy Jew, a certain Shapdji. This man had acquired, in trade and in banking transactions, an immense fortune; but he had never been in the service of Government, either as director of the mint, or in any other capacity. At the time he was reposing on his laurels, or his sacks of sequins, and seems to have retired in a great measure from the dangerous arena; for nothing in Turkey is so certain a danger as the gaining of money. Of his wealth he made the most noble use: his generosity to the unfortunate secured him the title of Father of the Poor,' and this from the unanimous voice of Constantinople; for, superior to the restricted spirit of his caste, he gave to all, and whether the sufferer was Christian, Turk, or Jew, was disregarded by his universal philanthropy. Popular sympathy was strong in favour of such a man; and even the tenets of the Koran (fertile in its inculcations of charity) sanctified and defended him. But to the eyes of Mahmoud, instead of Shapdji's charity covering a multitude of sins, his wealth covered all his virtues! Money was wanted, money must be had; and he unrelentingly ordered the murder of the good man, and the confiscation of all his property. The executioner and some chiaoushes were despatched to the Jew's residence; the latter advanced, and knocked at the door, which was forthwith opened by the servant. The chiaoushes desired to speak with Shapdji; the servant requested them to enter; they declined doing so, and said Shapdji must descend to them, as they were bearers of a message from the Porte. The charitable Jew was confined to his bed by sickness; but he sent down his brother to hear the business, or to invite again the messengers to ascend. The chiaoushes repeated that they must communicate personally with Shapdji; that he must come down; that their business with him would not occupy a minute. The sick man, nothing doubting what awaited him, rose from his couch, threw on his hernish, and, supported by his brother and a servant, went down to the door. His foot had scarcely touched the threshold, when the executioner, who had hitherto remained concealed, rushed upon him, and passing the fatal cord over his neck, strangled him, without giving him time to offer up a prayer to his God. Shapdji's brother fell senseless into the street. The myrmidons of despotism turned the domestics out of the house, and put the imperial seal on its doors. The immense wealth was presently secured, and conveyed to the hazne; and a donation of 100,000 piasters, or about 1,800l., to the victim's brother, to keep him from starving, was generously made by the Sultan. When I was at Constantinople the tragical tale was in every one's mouth, and even Turks grieved for the fall of the good Jew, and regarded the proceeding of this Sultan with horror.'

CIVIL AND MILITARY APPOINTMENTS, PROMOTIONS, AND
CHANGES IN INDIA.

[B. signifies Bombay-M. Madras-C. Calcutta.]

AUSTEN, G. P., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-C. Feb. 20.

Bristow, G. W. C., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-C. Feb. 12.
Bristow, C. M., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-C. Feb. 12.

Burt, J. R., Cornet, posted to 3d L. Cav.-C. Jan. 26.

Buckle, E., Lieut. Artill, to be Aid-de-camp to Maj.-Gen. Sir J. Nicholls, v.
Carmichael.-C. Jan. 30.

Beresford, John, Lieut., 74th N. I., on furl. to Eur. for health.-C. Feb. 12.
Bowe, Wm., Capt. 16th N. I., on furl. to Eur. for health.-C. Feb. 20.

Bond, C. S, T., Ens. St. Helena reg., to be Lieut.-April 9.

Bar, Lieut.-Col., to resume his duties as town Major.-B. March 6.

Briggs, T., Lieut. 24th N. I., to act as Deputy-Pay-Master at Sholapore.— B. March 11.

Bulkeley, R., Lieut. 20th N. I., to act as 3d Assist.-Commis.-Gen.-B. March 11. Brown, Thomas, Lieut., returned to duty.-B. Feb. 12.

Billamore, T. R., Capt., returned to duty.-B. Feb. 12.

Briggs, T., Lieut., to be acting 3d Assist.-Commis.-Gen., v. Le Messurier.B. Feb. 16.

Boyd, James, Assist.-Surg. 2d Extra batt. on furl to Eur.-B. Feb. 18.

Baillie, T., Capt., Acting-first-Assist.-Commis.-Gen., on furl to the Cape for health.-B. Feb. 18.

Bowater, J. C., Lieut., to act as Quar.-Mas. to the 2d Gren. reg.-B. March 30. Ballantine, Lieut.-Col., to comm. at Sholapore.-B. April 3.

Browne, A. W., Maj. 11th N. I., on furl. to Eur.-B. March 31.

Cameron, A., Mr., Assist.-Commis. of Ordnance, to have charge of the Magazine at Whow.-C. Jan. 26.

Cross, J., Dep.-Commis., app. to Chunar Mag.-C. Feb. 5.

Carey, P., Dep.-Commis., app. to Allahabad Mag. - C. Feb. 5.

Cumming, W. F., Assist.-Surg., to do duty with 49th Foot.-C. Feb. 10.

Campbell, H. J., Assist.-Surg. 2d Eur. reg., on furl. to Eur. for health.-B. March 10.

Crawford, J., Assist.-Surg., to be Vaccinator in the North-West dist. of Guzerat, v. Johnston.-B. March 10.

Canwell, A., Surg. 2d Gren. N. I., on furl. to the Cape and Eur. for health.--B. Feb. 12.

Corke, J., Capt. J., 3d N. I., to assume the comm. of the troops at Surat, v. Clecland.-B. March 30.

Campbell, A. B., 3d Assist., and acting 2d Assist., to be 2d Assist.-Commis.Gen., v. Reynolds, prom.-B. Feb. 16.

Clarkson, G., Lieut. 12th N. I., to be Acting Adj. to the detach. at Broach, v. Maughan.-B. March 30.

Cleiland, W. D., Lieut.-Col., Comm. 19th N. I., on furl. to Eur. for health.― B. March 31.

Campbell, D., Lieut.-Col., to comm, in Caudeish.-B. April 3.

Davidson, W. W., Ens., to do duty with 74th N. I.-C. Jan. 26.

Day, E. F., Lieut., to act as Adj. to 7th batt. artill., v. Ludlow.-C. Jan. 30. Davidson, D., Lieut., Acting 3 Assist. Commis.-Gen., to be 3d Assist.-B Feb. 16.

Downey, C., Sen. Assist.-Surg., to be Surg., v. Mc'Morris, dec.-B. Feb. 17.

Durack, F., Lieut. 24th N. I., on furl, to Eur. for health.-B. March 30.

Edwards, Thos., Cadet Artill., prom. to be 2d Lieut.-C. Feb. 13.

Elliot, T. C., Assist.-Surg., app. to 2d troop, 2d brig. horse artill.-C. Jan. 26. Edwards, J., Dep.-Commis., app. to Allahabad Mag.-C. Feb. 5.

Eckford, R., Surg., to be second Mem. of Med. board, v. Morgan, on furl.— B. Feb. 12.

Fallon, H., Assist.-Surg., to do duty with Artill. at Dum Dum.-C. Jan. 28. 'Forster, G., Lieut. 6th L. Cav., to proceed to presid., in charge of remount horses.-C. Jan. 28.

Fullarton, R., Assist. Surg., to do duty with Eur. regts. at Agra.-C. Feb. 5. Faithful, H., Lieut.-Col. Artill, returned to duty.-C. Feb. 10.

Foy, W. H., Capt., furl. to Europe prolonged.-B. Feb. 12.

Goodday, G. C. S., Ens., to be Lieut., v. Midford, cashiered.-C. Feb. 13.
Gilmore, John, Cadet of Engin., prom. to 1st Lieut.-C. Feb. 20.

Gorfield, A. H., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-C. Feb. 20.

Graham, G. J., Lieut., to be Adj. to the 6th N. I., v. Mecan, res.-B. Feb. 12. Graham, J., Capt. 7th N. I., on furl. to Eur. for health.

Hamilton, C., Lieut. 22d N. I., to be Capt. of a comp., v. Olephant, dec.— C. Feb. 13.

Hough, Jos., Messrs., Adm. Veter.-Surg.-C. Feb. 13.

Hulse, H. C., Adm. Veter.-Surg.-C. Feb. 13.

Horne, W. G., Cadet, prom. to Ens.-C. Feb. 20.

Hopkins, P., Lieut. 27th N. I., to be Interp. and Quar.-Mas..-C. Feb. 5.

Hardy, Lieut., Col., Quar.-Mas.-Gen. of the army, on leave to the Neilgherry Hills.-B. March 5.

Hart, S. V., Ens., to be Interp. of Hindostanee, to 2d Gren. reg..-B. March 30. Hughes, R., Lieut., to act as Adj. to 3d N. I.-B. March 30.

Hale, J., Lieut., to act as Adj. to 22d N. I., v. Parkinson.-B. March 30.

Innes, W., Lieut. 12th N. I., to be Interp. and Quar.-Mas., v. Mullins, res.C. Feb. 5.

Jones, W. W., Lieut. 3d N. I., to be Interp. and Quar.-Mas.-C. Feb. 9.

Johnston, H., Assist.-Surg., to be Civ. Surg. at Allahabad, v. Stuart, prom.B. March 10.

Johnson, C. H., Capt. 12th N. I., to act as Brig.-Maj. to Surat Div.— B. Feb. 12.

Knipe, T. B., Super Ens., to be effective Ens., St. Helena.-April 27.

Kennett, B., Lieut.-Col., returned to duty.-B. Feb. 16.

Locke, J., Ens. 22d N. I., to be Lieut., v. Hamilton, prom.-C. Feb. 13.

Leighton, T., Capt., to act as Quar.-Mas.-Gen. to the Guicawar Subsid. force, v. Campbell, on furl.-B. March 30.

Macdonald, H., Ens., directed to do duty with 7th N. I.-C. Jan. 26.

Macrae, J. Assist. Surg., appointed to do duty with Artillery at Dum Dum.— C. Jan. 28.

Macnaughten, J. D., Cornet 5th L. Cav., to be Aide-de-Camp to Brig.-Gen. Carpenter, of Benares division.-C. Jan. 28.

Martin, W., Lieut. 52d N. 1., to be Adj., v. Fraser.-C. Jan. 30.

Macvitie, W. J., Lieut., to act as Adjutant and Quarter-Master of Artillery at Benares.-C. Feb. 3.

Marshall, G. T., Lieut., 35th N. I., to be Interpreter and Quart.-Mas., v. Hay, promoted.-C. Feb. 3.

M'Mahon, Daniel, Lieutenant, to be Captain by Brevet, St. Helena.—April 20.