ὡραῖος δὲ, εἰς ὅν κατερχόμενος ὁ Δουξ κατὰ καιρὸν εἰς ἐνωχίαν ἐκινεῖτο· ἐκει ἐστι ἡ ἑννεάκρουνος πυγή ή Καλλιῤῥόη, εἰς ἣν λουόμενος ἀνήρχετο εἰς τὸ τέμενος τὸ τῆς Ἥρας λεγόμενον, καὶ προσηύχετο, νῦν δὲ μετεποιήθη εἰς Ναὸν τῆς ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου ὑπὸ τῶν εὐσεβῶν. . . It would appear incontestably from the latter part of this passage, that these remains are those of the Church of the Holy Virgin, and that it occupies the site of the ancient Temple of Juno. Athens, June 8, 1849. FONT AT CHELMERTON. THE following explanations of the letters on the eight sides of the font in S., Chelmerton, Devonshire, which have long puzzled ecclesiologists, are offered by a correspondent. In this case, I suggest each letter to mean either an evil or its remedy, and each evil is followed by its remedy; thus, beginning at the east In this case, the three vertical lines show six concordant virtues opposed by two deadly sins, shown by the one horizontal line. Thus : obrietas....agrees with.... Sanctitas temperantia .i ustitia ..misericordia All opposed by eb rietas and Į ibido. In this case, I suppose each letter to be either the initial letter of a sin or virtue, four of each and each sin has its opponent virtue, on that side which lies in a parallel plane. Thus : maledictio or malicia Sanctitas It may be as well perhaps to mention that the Font at Stanton Fitzwarren is embellished with symbolical figures having a somewhat similar allusion, but not quite so mystical. ECCLESIOLOGICAL LATE CAMBRIDGE CAMDEN SOCIETY. THE Committee desire to announce the arrival of two very valuable presents to the Society. The Ancient Sculptured Monuments of the County of Angus, &c. Edinburgh, 1848. Elephant folio, twenty-two plates. Presented by the Author, Patrick Chalmers, Esq., of Auldbar; (and reviewed in the present number): and A series of fifty-five casts of ancient archiepiscopal and other seals in connection with the diocese of S. Andrew's, N. B.; presented by the Rev. C. J. Lyon, of Trinity College, Cambridge, now resident at S. Andrew's. The following new Members have been elected : E. R. P. Bastard, Esq., M.A., Balliol College, Oxford; Kitley, Yealmpton; B. P. Willis, Esq., Temple Row House, Birmingham. Mr. Bastard has also been added to the Committee. It has been resolved to proceed with a second volume of Instrumenta Ecclesiastica. The new List of Members is in the press, and will speedily appear. 49 OXFORD ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY. THE annual meeting of the above society was held on Wednesday, June 20th, in the society's room, Holywell. At two o'clock, p.m., the Rev. W. Sewell, B.D., took the chair, and called on Mr. F. Merrick, secretary, to read the annual report to the society. The report gave a slight sketch of the history of the society, and its working throughout the year past. It began with a review of the papers which had been read at the ordinary meetings. These were divided into three classes, which were termed theoretical, generally didactic, and specifically descriptive. The first of these classes contained two papers, one by Mr. Thornton, of S. John's College, on "The Distinctive Character of Ecclesiastical Architecture," the other by Mr. Cox, of Trinity College, on "The Historical Progress of Artistic Meaning in Ecclesiology." The second contained no less than seven one by the Rev. J. H. Pollen, on "The Arrangement of Chancels," which was the concluding paper of a series on “The Structure and Arrangement of a Parish Church;" a course of four Elementary Lectures by Mr. Parker, giving a succinct history of the different styles of architecture, with their characteristics, which have existed in England from the earliest times to the revival in our own days; one by Mr. Winston on "Glass Painting," and one finally by Mr Freeman on "Localism in Architecture," which might be classed under either the first or second head, according to the light in which it was viewed. The third class consisted of five papers descriptive of particular churches and ancient buildings. Besides these there were some papers on Nomenclature, on which the words of the report were as follows: 66 There are yet a few more papers which must be placed in a fourth class by themselves. These are on the subject of Nomenclature; in other words, on the question whether the society should adopt the terminology generally known by the name of Rickman's, sc. Early English, Decorated, and Perpendicular, or that generally employed by the Ecclesiological Society, sc. First-Pointed, Middle-Pointed, and Third-Pointed. Three papers have been read on this subject. The first, which raised the discussion, was by Mr. Patterson, recommending the adoption of the Ecclesiological terminology. At the following meeting there was read a protest of Mr. Freeman's, which has since been published, advocating the opposite side; and shortly afterwards one of our honorary members, Mr. G. Ayliffe Poole, favoured us with a paper on the same side with Mr. Freeman. In discussion the president seemed inclined to favour Mr. Patterson's views, Mr. Jones and Mr. Parker were opposed to them. Thus we have had opinions and arguments both ways. As a society we are committed to neither nomenclature, and our members may freely use whichever they prefer. Indeed, the whole question is not of great moment to us: and this perhaps is in accordance with our character; for our object is to make ourselves a real, practical, working society, and we do not think it necessary to lay down a definite law on this point. Not that we think it unimportant to have a correct terminology, but whereas it is allowed on all hands that both these systems are faulty and incomplete, we can patiently wait till circumstances point out one more true than either, without wasting our energies in battling about a point which, whoever carried the day, would soon have to be given up." After having pointed out, by a comparison of the relative number of papers in each class, that the character of the society was emphatically practically instructive, the report then proceeded to a review of its external relations and internal affairs. The external relations were either those of alliance with other bodies combined for similar purposes, such as the neighbouring Architectural Societies, the Cambridge Architectural Society, the president of which favoured them with his presence that day, the Ecclesiological Society, and last, not least, the New York Ecclesiological Society; or they were the relations either of active interference or of passive influence on the erection of churches and edifices, To illustrate the last of these a short glimpse was taken at the restorations proceeding in and near Oxford, at the church of Madington Quarries, at the additions made to Pembroke College, at the three cemetery chapels, in one of which the windows were filled with stained glass, and the daily service of the Church was performed by the Rev. T. W. Knott; at the enlargement of Littlemore Church—an omen of strength in the midst of loss,-at Garsington, and at Cuddesden. The active interference of the society was shown by a more lengthened review of such church improvements as the society or its members had been engaged in; after which the report turned to the discussion of the internal affairs. Under this head were noticed the election of members and the change of officers, the chief purchases and presents of the year. Among the last was mentioned with especial pleasure Mr. Freeman's History of Architecture, as not only presented to the society, but emanating from it likewise. In conclusion reference was made to Mr. Ruskin's Seven Lamps of Architecture. "Another book has gone forth from one of our members, the Oxford Graduate,' which it would be an omission to pass over without notice. Everything that proceeds from the pen of the author of Modern Painters' is sure to draw to itself deserved attention. His present book will be called a mass of wild enthusiasm by the Compos and Compo-lovers of the day, but in truth it shows that Mr. Ruskin is acquainted with the true spirit of a Christian architect, which despises the nicely calculated less and more, and throws itself freely, generously, and faithfully, into its work. Mr. Ruskin, in a desponding moment, doubts whether the stirring that has taken place in our architectural aims and interests within these few years has been indeed a springing of seeds, or a shaking among bones.' The cause of this despondency appears in another page. He thinks that all efforts, energies, and exertions in the cause of architecture will be spent in vain, unless we will choose one style, one universal law of workmanship to be everywhere adopted and enforced. But this he thinks impossible, and hence the tone of the sentence above. There are, according to him, four styles which would serve this purpose. 1. The Pisan Romanesque. 2. The Early Gothic of the Western Italian Republics. 3. The Domitian Gothic. 4. The English Earliest Decorated. And to the last of these he gives the preference, provided that it be guarded from again stiffening into the Perpendicular. Let him take courage: he must not expect everything in a day. The tide of favour has long been setting towards the Decorated style, and in time it may become the recognised groundwork from which a new era of architectural vigour may spring. But we must not be looking for consciousness in all that we are about. Let us proceed naturally, freely, boldly, and after a time we shall be able to look back and mark our course. Act, act in the living present, heart within, and GoD o'erhead.' This should be our motto, as in other things, so in architecture. We have but to look abroad, to compare the present state of ecclesiology with that which existed ten years since, (this is our tenth annual meeting,) and we at once feel that our misgivings should unhesitatingly be put aside, our doubts hushed, and our hearts strengthened with faith, and warmed with thankfulness." The president then made some remarks on the present condition, prospects, and plans of the society, and pointed out various ways in which its members might make themselves useful. Why were there not written, in a right tone and spirit, by those who were competent to the task, guide books for cathedrals, with descriptions and notices ? Why should not the society supply parochial clergymen with plans for alms-houses, &c., taking care at the same time not to interfere with architects in their peculiar sphere? He hoped to see architecture recognised as a study of the university. The Rev. George Williams, Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and president of the Cambridge Architectural Society, then read a most able and interesting paper, descriptive and historical, on the church of S. Sophia, Constantinople, illustrated by external and internal drawings of the building. On its conclusion, the president tendered to Mr. Williams the thanks of the society amidst the applause of the company present; and after having paid a well-deserved compliment to Mr. J. H. Markland, whose appearance had before been greeted with applause, declared the meeting dissolved. A meeting was held on Wednesday, May 23rd, the Rev. W. Sewell, B.D., President, in the chair. The following presents were received. Peshalls' History of the City of Oxford, presented by Mr. Lingard, librarian. Drawing of S. Margaret's Church, by Mr. W. C. Brooks. Favine's Theatre of Honour, presented by Dr. Bloxam, Magdalen College. Model of a coped tomb, presented by J. E. Millard, Magdalen College. Mr. W. M. Jervis, of Trinity College, was elected a member of the society. The secretary read the report, which announced that arrangements had been entered into with the editors of the Ecclesiologist, whereby it |