and had by her three Sons and three Daughters, Jupiter, Neptune, Pluto, Vefta, Ceres and Juno (i. It is faid of Saturn, that he eat up his Children as foon as they were born, that Jupiter only escaped, by a Contrivance of his Mother Rhea, who bundled up a Stone in his Clothes, and fent it to Saturn, which, he not doubting but that it was his new-born Son, took and eat up instead of him. Jupiter, they tell us, was put out to Nurfe by his Mother to the Curetes: In Time, they bring Saturn's Children all upon the Stage again, and reprefent Jupiter as compelling his Father by a Drink, to discharge his Stomach of them, and of the Stone with them (k). Varro has given us a philofophic Solution of this Fable alfo (1); but I would obferve, that Saturn was the first in these Parts, that introduced a Regularity of Diet amongst his People (m), and he might perhaps think it a Matter of Moment to begin from the first with his own Children: We find the nurfing and feeding Infants with proper Food became a fort of Science in the Generation next after him, and had Directors appointed to take care of it (n): If Saturn had formed any Scheme of this Sort, and upon this Account took his Children as foon as born from

(i) Diodor. Apollodor. ubi fup. (k) Apollodor. Bibl. 1. 1. (1) Saturnum dixerunt, quæ nata ex eo effent, devorare folitum, quòd cò femina, unde nafcerentur, redirent; et quòd illi pro Jove Gleba objecta eft devoranda, fignificat manibus humanis obrui coeptas ferendo fruges, antequàm fubtilitas arandi effet inventa. Varro in Fragment. p. 42. (m) Diodor. 1. 5. P. 231. (α) Αρτεμιν 5 Φεσὶν βρεῖν τὸ τῶν νηπίων παιδίων θεράπειαν, και τροφάς τινας αρμοζέσας τῇ φύσει τῶν βρεφῶν. Diodor. p. 235.

their Mother; if as foon as they were fit for it, he fent them abroad for Education into fome foreign Land; and the Figure they all afterwards made in Life, renders it highly probable, that they had had better Inftruction, than Crete was at this time able to give them; this might be a fufficient Foundation for the Fable handed down to us concerning Saturn: Rhea fent Jupiter to the Curetes, and a Bundle of Clothes, with a Stone wrapped up in them to make them heavy, was carried where Saturn ordered instead of him, and when Jupiter was grown up, and came home to his Father, and Saturn thought fit to have his other Children recalled from their foreign Education; as he was before faid to have eat them, fo now he might be represented to have vomited them up again: The Fancy of the Mythologifts was extravagant beyond measure, and no Reprefentation could appear fo monftrous or ridiculous, but they could think it ingenious to dress up and disguise the plaineft and most common Transactions of Life in it (0).

When Saturn died, Jupiter fucceeded to his Kingdom (p): Here again the Mythologifts give us Fable, and fuggeft to us, that Jupiter depofed his Father, and parted his Dominions between himself and his Brethren (9); but Diodorus informs us, that there were other Accounts of him; that he came to his Crown

(ο) See Vol. II. Β. 8. Ἐν τῷ παιὶ ἀιῶν πολλὰ μὲν πάλαι συμβάλα στις εἶναι πεποιήκασιν ἐς τὰς πολλές, οἱ τοῖς ἀληθέσιν ἐποικοδομέντες ἐψατμένα. Paufan, (p) Diodor. Sic. 1. 5. p. 233. (2) Apollod. 1. 1. c. 2.

at Saturn's Death as his rightful Heir, without Attempts of his own to obtain a Succeffion, or Endeavours of others to prevent it (r). He married his Sifter Juno (s), and by her had Children, Hebe, Ilithya, Argos, Mars and Vulcan (t). He had feveral other Wives, 1. Metis, by whom he had Pallas (u). 2. Themis, who bare him Irene, Eunomia and Dica, who were called the Hora, and Clotho, Lachefis and Atropos, who were called the Fates (x). 3. Euronome was the Mother of Aglaia, Euphrofyne and Thalia (y). 4. Of Styx, or rather Ceres was born Proferpine (). 5. Of Mnemofyne were born the Mufes, who have commonly been faid to be nine in Number: Varro thought they were originally three only (a). 6. Latona bare him

(r) Τινὲς μὲν φασὶν αυτὸν μετὰ τω ξ ἀνθρώπων τὸ Κρόνο μετάςασιν εἰς θεὸς διαδέξας τω Βασιλείαν, 8 βία κατοχύ σαντα τὸν πατέρα, νομίμως ἢ καὶ δικαίως ἀξιωθέντα ταύτης Tung. Diodor. 1. 5. P. 233. (s) Diodor. ibid. Apollod. Bibl. 1. 1. c. 3. Hefiod you. (t) Iid. ibid. (u) Hefiod. ibid. Apollodorus fuppofes Thetis the Daughter of Nereus to have born him Pallas. Bibl. 1. 1. c. 3. (x) Hefiod. Apollod. (y) lid. (z) Diodor. p. 199. Hefiod. Boyor. Apollod. 1. 1. c. 3. et c. 5. (a) Apol. I. 1. c. 3. Varro dicit, Civitatem nefcio quam (neq; enim recordor nomen) locâffe apud tres Artifices terna fimulachra Mufarum, quæ in Templo Apollinis, Deo poneret, ut quifquis Artificum pulchriora formâffet, ab illo potiffimum electa emeret. Itaq; contigiffe, ut opera fua quoq; illi Artifices æque pulchra explicarent, et placuiffe civitati omnes novem, atq; omnes emptas effe, ut Apollinis Templo dicarentur, quibus pofteà dicit Hefiodum Poetam impofuiffe Vocabula. Non ergo ait, Jupiter novem Mufas genuit, fed tres fabri ternas fecerunt. Tres autem non propterea civitas illa locaverat, quia in fomnis eas viderat, aut tot fe cujufquam illorum oculis demonftraverant, fed quia facile erat animadvertere omnem fonum, qui materies cantilenarum eft, triformem effe Naturâ; aut enim editur voce, ficut eft eorum, qui faucibus fine inftrumento canunt, aut flatu ficut tubarum et tibiarum, aut pulfu ficut in Cytharis, et Tympanis, et quibufdam aliis, quæ percutiendo fonora fiunt. Varro in Fragment. P. 207. vid. Auguftin. de Doctrin. Chriftian. 1. 2. c. 17.

Diana and Apollo (b). 7. Venus was born to him of Dione (c). 8. Mercury of Maia (d). 9. Bacchus of Semele (e): and he had feveral other Children, both Sons and Daughters by divers other Women: But let us endeavour first to fix with a little more Certainty the Times in which Jupiter lived, and after that we may take a further View of the Tranfactions of his Life.

Jupiter lived about 8 or 9 Generations before the Trojan War: This may be very clearly computed by going thro' the Genealogies of those who are recorded to be his Defcendants. Thus tblius King of Elea in Greece, was Son of Jupiter, and of Protogenia, the Daughter of Deucalion (f); his Son Endymion fucceeded him (g): Epeus Son of Endymion fucceeded him (b): Etolus brother to Epeus was his Succeffor (i), and after Etolus reigned Eleus his Nephew (k): At Eleus's Death, Augeas Son of Eleus had the Kingdom (1): Agasthenes Son of Augeas, fucceeded his Father (m), and Polyxenes Son of Agasthenes, Grandfon of Augeas, commanded at Troy (a); and thus if we count from Jupiter to the Trojan War, we find nine Succeffi

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(6) Apollodor. 1. 1. c. 4. Δήμετρος ἢ Αρτεμιν θυγατέρα εἶναι, καὶ κ' Λητές, ὄντα Αιγυπτίων τὸν λόγον, Αιχύλο δια δαξεν Ευφορίωνος τὰς Ἕλληνας. Paufan. in Arcad. c. 37. (c) Apollod. c. 3. (d) Id. 1. 3. c. 10. (e) Vid. quæ fup. () Diodor. Sic. 1. 5. p. 230. Strab. Geog. 1. 10. p. 473. () Paufan. 1. 5. c. 1. Apollod. Bibl. 1. 1. c. 7. It ought to be bere remarked that Athlius was by fome of the Antients thought the Son of Eolus. See Paufan. 1. 5. c. 8. (g) Apollod. ibid. §. 5. Paufan. ubi fup. (b) Paufan. ibid. (i) Apollod. §. 6. Paufan. ubi fup. (k) Paufan. ibid. (1) Paufan. ibid. (m) Paufan. (a) Paufan. ibid. Hom. II. 2. v. 623.

ibid. c. 3.

ons,

ons, or computing Epeus and Etolus, who were Brothers, to be in the fame Line of Defcent, 8 Generations. In the Family of Thoas the Son of Andramon, who commanded the Etolians in the Trojan War (b), there are ten Defcents; for Thoas was fix from Etolus (c), and Ætolus as above was four from Jupiter. In like manner we find 10 Defcents from Jupiter to Diomedes, four to Etolus as before; Pleuron was Son of Etolus (d), Agenor of Pleuron (e), OEneus of Agenor (f), Tydeus of OEneus (g), and Diomedes of Tydeus (b). If we go into another Branch of Jupiter's Family, we shall find Accounts much the fame. Arcas was Son of Jupiter, born of Calliftho Daughter of Lycaon (i): Arcas fucceeded Nyctimus the eldest Son of Lycaon in the Kingdom of Arcadia (k): Azanas Son of Arcas fucceeded him (1): Clitor Son of Azanas fucceeded his Father (m): Epitus a Nephew of Azanas fucceeded Clitor (n), and Aleus another Nephew fucceeded Epitus (0); at Aleus's Death his Son Lycurgus had the Crown (p), and at his Death he left it to Echemus (q): Agapenor Grandfon of Lycurgus fucceeded Echemus (r), and led the Arcadians to Troy: And thus from Nyctimus who may be fuppofed to be coetaneous with Jupiter, to Agapenor are 9 Succeffions, and, counting Clitor,

(b) Fauan. ubi fup. Hom. II. C. v. 638. (c) Paufan. ubi fup. (d) Apollod. B. 6, 1. 1. c. 7. (e) Id. ibid. (ƒ) ibid. (g) ibid. (b) ibid. (i) Hyg. Fab. 155. Apoll. Bibl. 1. 3. c. 8. Paufan. in Arcad. c. 3. (k) Paufan. ibid. c. 4. (4) Id. ibid.. (m) ibid. (2) Paufan. in Arcad. c. 4. (a) ibid. (p) ibid. (r) Id. c. 5. Hom. il. 6. v. 609.

(9) ibid.

Ipitus,