to others: nor will the world cease to be, till the purpose of eternal love in Jesus Christ our Lord has been completely fulfilled. The multitude of the saved must be such as the Father deems commensurate with the great designs of grace. No stone will be wanting to the perfection of the temple. Whether we shall be among those living stones, is another question but if we are not, there will be no vacancy in the building. "All the promises of God are yea, and amen, to the glory of God"; and, if we are found faithful, "to the glory of God, by us."

SECTION 3.

On the Prophecies concerning Tyre.

The name Tyre was given to two towns; one of which was on the mainland, the other on an island. The accompanying plan borrowed from a French work,* is not inserted as being correct in detail. The town on the continent is too large as compared with the island; and we have at present no evidenceor if any, but the but the slightest that the walls, temple, or town of Paletyrus stood as they are represented by the artist: but we have historical evidence that Palætyrus was a town on the mainland, that it was sixteen Roman miles in circumference, and not far from the one small island which distinguishes that part of the coast of the Mediterranean sea. The plan, approximating to accuracy, will be useful in illustration of the argument now to be pursued.

Phoenicia was a strip of land lying to the north and north-west of Galilee. Its size which varied was at all times inconsiderable: but its influence as a seat of commerce and a fountain of colonization, was

* Histoire des Expéditions D'Alexandre, par P. Chaussard. Paris, 1802.

very great. Of this district Tyre was the most important city; having Sidon to the north, and Accho to the south. The principal predictions relating to Tyre may be found in Isaiah, chapter the 23rd, Ezekiel, chapters 26th, 27th, and 28th, Joel the 3rd, Amos the 1st, and Zechariah the 9th. They foretel its utter overthrow and destruction. "I will scrape

her dust from her, and make her like the top of a rock. It shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea, ** and it shall become a spoil to the nations." "They shall break down thy walls, and destroy thy pleasant houses: and they shall lay thy stones and thy timber and thy dust in the midst of the water. And I will cause the noise of thy songs to cease; and the sound of thy harps shall be no more heard. ** Thou shalt be built no more: for I the Lord have spoken it, saith the Lord God.” * * "I will make thee a terror, and thou shalt be no more: though thou be sought for, yet shalt thou never be found again, saith the Lord God."

This essay is designed to shew that the insular Tyre had scarcely more connexion with the Tyre of prophecy-the sameness of name excepted-than had the Seleucia of the Tigris with the Babylon of prophecy; that the Tyre which the prophets described as "full of wisdom, perfect in beauty," and abounding in wealth, was on the mainland: and that the little and strong city of the island did not then exist. The writer hopes to convince his readers that the Tyre, mistress of the seas, and the most famous commercial city on earth which Nebuchadnezzar assailed, and, after thirteen years siege, took (573 B.C.), was certainly on the continent: that there is no proof down to that date, of any town on the island: and that probably the island was till then, at most a sort of Wapping

without docks and warehouses. Such of the Tyrians as escaped from the sword of Nebuchadnezzar, and did not flee to Carthage and other Phoenician colonies, probably took refuge on the neighbouring rock which is about a mile long, renewed their commercial pursuits, fortified their new home, and gave it the ancient name of Tyre. The old city, still existing, but with its fortifications irreparably damaged, remained till Alexander in the year 332 B.C. threw it into the sea, and so made the road which has ever since joined the island to the continent.

This view of the subject, substantially in accordance with the opinions of former times, clashes with the conclusions of eminent modern scholars; who assert that the primeval Tyre was on the island. The discussion of their arguments which would lead to a very long digression, will, it is believed, be rendered needless by adducing the ancient testimonies from which alone the conclusion can rightly be drawn; and which any man of good sense and ordinary information is quite able to weigh.*

"Nebuchadnezzar ** utterly destroyed the city which was on the continent, the ruins of which were afterwards called Pale Tyrus, or old Tyre. *** After this * the city on the island became the Tyre that was afterwards so famous by that name."-Prideaux's Connection, book II. pt. 1.

Hengstenberg-De rebus Tyriorum, p. 1-avows the opinion that the insular Tyre was the original foundation, and always the seat of empire; the continental city being its suburb: and further, that the two were connected by land, not only from the time of Alexander but from the most remote time.

Grote History of Greece, vol. III. p. 359, note-utterly rejects the last named conclusion of Hengstenberg, but agrees with him as to the antiquity of the insular Tyre. The note shews that Mr. Grote trusted too much to his predecessors in this inquiry.

Professor Robinson-Biblical Researches, vol. III. p. 402, first editionsays that the chief city was upon the island 720 B.C.

Movers-das Phönizische Alterthum, vol. 11. pt. 1, p. 170-says all