vine, and delegate one and fifty out of the Nobility to the Ephetæ *. All they, who were Murderers before the Making of this Law, fhall be fubject to its Obligation. If any one hath been murder'd in any of the Boroughs, and no body removes him, the Demarchus fhall give Orders to his Friends to take him away, bury him, and perform the Duty of Luftration toward the Borough that very Day on which he was kill'd; when a Slave is murder'd, he fhall inform the Mafter; when a Freeman, the fucceeding Heirs; but if the Perfon murder'd was not a money'd Man, or had no Poffeffions, the Demarchus fhall acquaint the Relations; and fuppofing they give no Heed, and neglect to take him away, the Demarchus himself fhall fee him taken away, and buried, and take Care that the Borough be luftrated, but all this with as little Charges as may be ; which, if he neglect, he fhall be fin'd a thousand Drachms, to be paid to the publick Exchequer. He fhall take of the murder'd Perfons Debtors double the Money he expended for the Funeral, which, if he neglect, he fhall pay it himself to thofe of his Borough (i). He, who is Felo de fe, fhall have the Hand cut off, that did the Murder, which fhall be buried in a Place feparate from the Body (k). No Murderer fhall be permitted to be within the City (/). Inanimate Things, which have been inftrumental to People's Deaths, fhall be caft out of Attica (m). One of Draco's Laws. See Book I. Chap. xx. He, who strikes the first Blow in a Quarrel, fhall be liable to the Action term'd ainías dinn (n). He, who hath maliciously hurt another's Body, Head, Face, Hands, or Feet, fhall be profcribed the City of that Man to whom he offer'd the Detriment, and his Goods be confifcated; if he return, he fhall fuffer Death (0). A A Law relating to Accufations. NY one is permitted to inform against another, that hath done an Injury to a third Perfon (p). One of Solon's Laws. Laws concerning Damages. HE, Damage, refund twice as much : He, who does it involuntarily, an Equivalent (9). His Eyes fhall be both pluck'd out, who hath blinded any one-ey'd Perfon (r). One of Solon's Laws. That Dog fhall be tied up with a Chain four Cubits long, which hath bit any Body (/). Another of Solon's Laws. (*) Ibid. (i) Demofthenes in Macartatum. (k) Æschines in Ctesiphontem. (1) Suidas v. Iwp. (m) Efchines in Ctesiphontem. (n) Demofthenes Ariftocratea. (o) Lyfias pro Callia, in Cimonem. (p) Plutarchus Solone. (q) Demofthenes Mediana, (r) Laertius Solone. (f) Plutarchus Solone. Laws Laws belonging to Theft. Ho be he fole to the Owner, and as much to the publick Exchequer. If any Body that had any Thing ftol'n from him, and has it reftor'd, the Thief, with the Abettor, fhall pay double the Value; but in Cafe the Thief doth not make Reftitution ten-fold, and be fet in the Stocks five Days, and as many Nights, if the Heliafts fo order it; this Order shall then be made, when they confider what Punishment to inflict upon him (t). These two Laws were enacted by Solon. If any one hath filch'd away any Thing by Day, worth above fifty Drachms, let the Action call'd Arafay be put in Execution against him before the Eleven; but, if in the Night, any one hath Liberty to kill him, or, upon his making away to wound him, and to iffue the fame Action out against him; by which, if he be caft, he shall die without any Conceffion for Sureties, to put in Bail for the Reftitution of the ftol'n Goods. He, farther, that fhall pilfer out of the Lyceum, Academia, Cynofarges, or any of the Gymnafia, any Thing of the leaft Value, as a Garment, Oil-vial, c. or above ten Drachms out of the Baths, or Ports, fhall fuffer Death (u). He, that puts a Man in Prison for Thievery, and cannot prove it upon him, shall be fin'd a thousand Drachms (w). All Cut-purfes, Burglars, and Kidnappers, if convicted, fhall fuffer Death (x). He, who makes Search after Thieves in another's House, must have only a thin Garment hanging loose about him (y). He, that takes away any Thing which is not his own, fhall be liable to die for it (z). One of Draco's Laws. See Book I. Chap. xxvi. It is a capital Crime to break into a Man's Orchard, and steal his Figs (a). This Law was abrogated by the following. They, who fteal Figs, fhall be fin'd (b). See Book I. Chap, xxi. Laws reftraining Reproaches. O one fhall calumniate, or defame any Perfon while alive, in the Temples, Judicial Courts, Treafuries, or Places where Games are celebrated: The Delinquent herein fhall pay three Drachms to the injured Man, and two to the publick Treafury (d). One of Solon's Laws. He fhall be fin'd, who flanders any Man(e). Another of Solon's Laws. He shall incur a Mulet of five hundred Drachms, who twits any one with committing fome heinous Offence against the Laws (ƒ) · (t) A. Gellius, lib. X. cap. 18. Demofthenes Timocrated. (2) Demofthen. ibid, (w) Suidas. (x) Xenophon Awouvnuov. lib. I. (y) Ariftophanis Scholiaftes Nubibus. (x) Plutarchus Solone, A Gellius, lib. XI. cap. 18. (a) Feftus. (b) Suidas. (c) Ariftophanis Scholiaft. Equitibus. (d) Plutarchus Solone, (e) Lyfias, Orat. I. in Theomneftum. (f) Ifocrates in Locbitem. No one fhall call another Cut-throat, or Murderer (g). He, that upbraids another for cafting away his Buckler, fhall be fin'd (b). See Book III. Chap. xiii. Laws about the Management of Affairs. HEY, who have been negligent in carrying on any Business, fhall answer for that Neglect (i). TH No Woman shall have any farther to do in Affairs, than a Medimn of Barley will fatisfy for Performance (k). Laws referring to Entertainments. O Entertainment is to consist of above thirty Guests (1). N° All Cooks, hired to dress up Dishes for Entertainments, are to carry in their Names to the Gyneconomi (m). None but mix'd Wine shall be drunk at Banquets (n). Let pure and unmixed Wines be referved till afterwards, for a relish. ing Tafte to the Honour of the good Genius(o). See Book IV. Chap. xx. The Areopagites fhall take Cognizance of all Drunkards (p). I A Law relating to Accufations concerning Mines. F any one hath prohibited another from working in the Mines, or hath carried Fire into them, carried away another's Utenfils, or Tools, or if he hath dug beyond his Limits, fuch an one may be profecuted with the Action call'd Δίκη μεταλλική (2). T A Law pertaining to the Action ΕισαγΓελία. Imocrates hath enacted that whatsoever Athenian is caft by the Action Eiray fenia before the Senate, and shall be secured by Imprisonment before, or after the Indictment, his Name not being inferted according to Law by the Scribe of that Pretany in the Accufation-note, and carried up to the Thefmothete, the Thefmotheta, within 30 Days after the Receipt of the Bill, unless fome great Emergency of State intervene, fhall appoint the Eleven to fit in Judgment over it, before whom any Athenian may accufe him; if he be convicted, the Helica shall inflict upon him Punishment, either corporal or pecuniary; if the latter, he fhall be clap'd into Gaol till he pay it (r). See Book I. Chap. xxiii. TH Military Laws. HE Time for Military Service shall be from eighteen Years to forty. (g) Lyfias loco citato, (b) Ibidem. (i) Demofthenes in Aphobum, (k) Dio Chryfoftomus Orat. wiel d'Isias. (1) Lynceus Samus in Apopthegmat. Athenæus, lib. VI. (m) Menander Cecryphalo. (n) Alexis fope. (0) Athenæus, lib. VI. (p) Idem, Lib. VI, (9) Demofthenes in Pantanetum." (r) Demofthenes in Timocratem. Till twenty, Men fhall remain within Attica to be ready in Arms; after that they shall serve in the Army without Attica (). See Book III. Chap. ii. He fhall be riu, who offers to ferve in the Horfe before he has undergone the accustom'd Probation (t). See Book III. Chap. iii. The Chivalry fhall be detach'd out of the most puiffant and wealthy Athenians (u). Soldiers fhall not obferve the Punctilio's of Sprucenefs and Foppery in their Hair, &c. (w). This Law was enacted by Cineas and Phrynus. See Book III. Chap. viii. None fhall pawn their Arms (x). He shall fuffer Death, who hath betray'd a Garrison, Ship, or Army. All Revolters to the Enemy fhall undergo the fame Penalty. See Book III. Chap. xiii. There shall be no Marching before the feventh of the Month(y). See Book III. Chap. vii. The Ceremony for proclaiming of War fhall be by putting a Lamb into the Enemy's Territories (z). See as before. The Polemarch fhall lead up the right Wing of the Army (a). See Book III. Chap. iv. All publick Revenue-keepers, and Dancers at the Alovuσland, shall be exempted from ferving in the Army (b). See Book III. Chap. ii. T Of Military Punishments and Rewards. HEY, who have maintain'd their Poft with Courage, fhall be advanced, and others degraded(c). See Book III. Chap. xiii. All Refufers to go into the Army, Cowards, and Run-aways, fhall be expell'd the Forum, fhall not be crown'd, or go to the publick Temples; he, who offends against this Law, fhall be put into Bonds by the Eleven, and carried before the Heliafta, where any one impower'd may accuse him; if he is proved guilty, the Heliafta fhall pronounce Sentence, and inflict upon him, as the Nature of his Crime requires, a Mulet, or corporal Penance; if the former, he fhall lie in Gaol till he pays it (d). See as before, and the Laws following. Let him be Ariu, who cafts away his Arms (e). He, who during the War by Sea, runs away from his Ship; and he, who being prefs'd, doth not go, fhall be ATtu(f). See B. III. Ch. xx. All difabled and wounded Soldiers fhall be maintain'd out of the publick Fame (g). This was enacted by Pififtratus. Their Parents and Children shall be taken Care for, that are cut off in War; if Parents are kill'd, their Children shall be put to School at the publick Charge; and, when come to Maturity of Age, fhall be prefented with a whole Suit of Armour, fettled every one in his respective (f) Ulpianus in Olinthiac. III, (t) Lyfias in Alcibiadem. (u) Xenophon Hipparchico. (w) Ariftophanis Scholiaftes ad Equites. (x) Idem ad Plutum. (y) Zenobius, Cent. II. Prov. LXXIX. (x) Diogenianus Cent. II. Prov. XCVI. (a) Herodotus Erato. (b) Demofthenes in Nearam, & in Mediam. (c) Xenophon Hipparcbico. (d) Demofthenes in Timocratem, fchines in Ctesiphontem. (e) Lyfias Orat, I. in Theamneftum, (f) Plutarchus Solone. (g) Laertius Solone, N 3 Calling, Calling, and honour'd with first Seats in all publick Places (b). One of Solon's Laws. T Miscellany Laws. HEY fhall be prosecuted for Ingratitude, who do not retaliate The Borough and Name of every one's Father shall be written down in all Deeds, Compacts, Suits, and other Concerns (k). A Discoverer, who alledges Truth, shall be secure ; but, if Falfhood, shall suffer Death (/). He fhall be A7, who ftands neuter in any publick Sedition (m). This Law was enacted by Solon, to oblige every Athenian to promote the Welfare of the Commonwealth to his utmoft. He fhall die, who leaves the City for Refidence in the Piraeus (n). This Law was enacted by Solon to prevent Difcord amongst the Athenians. He shall be fin'd, who is feen to walk the City-ftreets with a Sword by his Side, or having about him other Armour, unless in Case of Exigency (o). One of Solon's Laws. See Book III. Chap. iv. He shall be denied Burial within Attica, and his Goods expofed to Sale, who hath been convicted of perfidious Behaviour towards the State, or of Sacrilege (p). See Book I. Chap. iv. He, that hath betrayed his Country, fhall not enter into Attica's Borders; if he do, he fhall expiate his Crime by the fame Law, as they who, tho' condemn'd by the Areopagites to Banishment, return (9). Those Compacts shall stand good, which have been approved of by the Judges (r). Let there be an Amnesty of all former Diffenfions, and no one be liable to be call'd in Queffion, or reproach'd for any Thing done formerly (). This Law was made after the thirty Tyrants Expulfion, to reconcile all former Quarrels, and was fworn to by the Archons, Senate of five hundred, and all the Commonalty of Athens. - When any Person is accufed contrary to this Oath, Use may be made of the Plea call'd wacafpaph; the Archons fhall have Cognizance of this Matter, and he that makes the Plea fhall make his Defence first; the Party that is caft, fhall have the Fine call'd Ewwßenia imposed upon hin(t). This Law was enacted by Archinus, as a Security to the former. No Stranger fhall be wrong'd or injur'd («). Put the bewilder'd Traveller in his Way, and be hofpitable to Strangers (w). No Seller of Rings fhall keep by him the Signature of a Ring, when fold (x). One of Solon's Laws. (b) Lucianus Abdicato, Valerius Maximus, lib. V. cap. 3. (i) Demofth. in Beotum. (k) Andocides de Myfteriis. (1) Plutarchus Solone. (m) Suidas. (n) Lucian Anacharfide. (0) Xenophon Ex lib. I. (p) Dinarchus in Demofthen. (q) Demofthenis Halones. (r) Cicero, Philip. I. (ƒ) Lyfas in Ctesiphontem. (t) Andocides de Myfteriis (u) Xenophon Añoμvnp. lib. II. (w) Cicero de Offic. lib. III, (x) Laertius Solone. Arcbaolo |