last alone are, by a considerable portion, the learner's difficulties. But if any

SONG AT LEAVING SCHOOL.

(Extracted, by permission, from Tilleard's Secular Music for the use of Schools.)

SIR,-Doctors will differ. In your Papers for this month, now lying before me, is a "plan of keeping a Library Register," thought to be an improvement on one previously given; however this may be, I think the one in question is very cumbersome and entails a great deal of unnecessary trouble on the librarian. In my opinion the "Title of book," "Time allowed," and "When due" columns, are perfectly superfluous; causing a very considerable amount of writing, where the library is at all large, and this without any corresponding advantage. The number of the book is quite sufficient, without its title: "When due," can easily be seen, when it is required, by referring to "when issued," and to the cover of the book, inside which is, or ought to be, stated the number of days allowed for reading; "Time allowed" can be easily dispensed with in the register, being, as stated above, written in each book.

I have had a School Library some seven or eight years, and have found the following plan, which I have used the last two years, to be exceedingly simple and easy to manage; to entail little trouble, and be perfectly efficient. The idea I got from a late librarian to an extensive library.-

The number column shows itself at once. The middle one serves for both when issued, and to whom, by simply putting the date on a line, and underneath it the names of all persons who receive books on that day; and the returned column is perfectly clear. If F. White is the last to whom a book has been issued to-day, next Friday I shall place the date on the succeeding line, and so on.

My pupil-teachers now manage my library, consisting of more than six hundred volumes.

I would strongly advise every teacher having a school Library, to allow no book out for more than seven days at once, but make it renewable at the end of that time, if necessary. This prevents a great deal of hazard of losing the books,-especially in large towns. Liverpool.

A. B.

[We insert this communication, because of the simplicity of the method proposed, and its being a record of actual experience. We must, however, decline inserting any further communications on the library question at present.]

SIR,-In regard to obtaining a Goverment Certificate perhaps some Third Class Certificated Master would be kind enough to give some definite information on the foilowing points. What Questions and Sections did they endeavour to answer at the Easter examinations to obtain Third or lowest Classs Certificate of Merit? It is obvious that the papers were more difficult than those at the Training Institutions. Will Ornamental penmanship, Estate planning, Landscape pencil drawing, Mechanical and Architectural drawing (without perspective) be allowed to be substituted in the room of any others such as Euclid, Astronomy, &c. The insertion of this will be duly appreciated by many who are at this moment preparing themselves for the trial, and who have perhaps neither opportunity or ability to attain higher than the above named Certificate.

A PAROCHIAL SCHOOLMASTER.

[As similar enquiries are often made we insert the above communication; and as a reply to those who seek "definite information" on these subject say, that it cannot be obtained. To know what one man did can be no possible aid to another. What is done, must altogether depend on what the examinee is prepared to do, and that will depend on his previous preparation. We recommend "A Parochial Schoolmaster" and all in the same circumstances to look at the list of subjects in the last "Broad Sheet," and thoroughly to work up all the school subjects thereon named. It will be seen that no provision is made there for the substitution spoken of.]

SIR,-Will any of your correspondents be kind enough to reply to this query:-In a manufacturing district where boys are early removed to work, would the short or long hour system be calculated to do most good in a National School.

Wolverhampton.

J. E. M.

[As this enquiry is one of considerable importance we shall be obliged if those of our correspondents who are located in manufacturing districts will furnish us with their experiences on this subject; particularly with the reasons which may have led them to any definite conclusion.]

SIR,-I should feel obliged if any of your correspondents would furnish me with Notes of a Lesson on Water-Spouts, Coral-Reefs, and the Geysers. P. Q. [We shall be most happy to insert any good Notes sent us, on the subjects named; but cannot at the same time omit recommending our correspondent and teachers generally, to cultivate the habit of preparing their own notes. We cannot conceive how teachers can rightly discharge their duty, when they appear before their children with notes prepared by others. Notes, to be really valuable, should embody the results of a teacher's own reading, and be an arrangement of matter specially adapted to meet the actual condition of the class of children, to which it is proposed to give the lesson. Our object in publishing Notes of Lessons is to direct, and not to supersede preparation. We hope shortly to enter more fully on this subject.]

SIR,-I should be greatly obliged if any of your correspondents would inform me of a plan, which would be simple and easy, to teach Compound Proportion to a class of twentyfive boys.

R. B. K.

JUNIOR.- Mc Leod's Mental Arithmetic, part I, and Christie's Etymological Spelling Book both published by Longman and Co., will answer your purpose. If a very limited Etymology is wanted, one published by the National School Society will do good service.

GAMMA. Without other information than mere "numbers in the School," we cannot supply a routine with any prospect of its being useful. A routine, to be worth anything, must be based on the peculiar circumstanees of the School District, the amount and kind of agency employed, and the numbers under instruction.

3. Explain what is meant by a decimal fraction, and show how its value is affected by removing the decimal point any number of places to the right or left. Find the square root of SECTION II.

.0002809.

1. If 2 cwt. 3 qrs. 7 lbs. cost £15. 17s. 94d.; what is the price of 1 cwt.?

2. The Mint formerly made 44 guineas out of 1 lb troy of gold alloy; 4628 sovereigns are now made out of the same quantity of gold alloy. Is there a gain or loss by the change?

3. If a beam which is 10 inches wide, 8 inches deep, and 5 feet 6 inches long, weight 8 cwt. 1 qr.; find the length of another beam, the end of which is a square foot, which shall weigh a ton.

SECTION III.

I. What is the rule for subtraction

in Algebra. What is the value of 7a [3a- (5a+2a).

4a

2. Multiply a2-4x2 by and divide the product by a 2x.

2x.

a "

3. Investigate the expression S = (a+1) in Arithmetic Progression. And find how many terms of the series 5,7,8, &c. must be taken to equal 437. SECTION IV.

1. Divide a + 5a x + 10a3 x3+ 10a2 x3+5a x1+x3by a2 + 2ax + x2.

2. Divide 24 into 2 parts whose product shall be to the sum of their squares :: 3:10.

3. Prove the Bimomial Theorem for a positive index. Find the 6th term of the expansion (2x + 3y)1o.

1. Write an analysis of the epistle | "Bold were those Britons who, the careless sons to the Romans.

Of Nature, roamed the forest bounds, at once
Their rerdant city, high embowering fame,
And the gay circle of their woodland wars;
For by the Druid taught that death but shifts
The vital scene, they that prime fear despised,
And, prone to rush on steel, disdained to spare
An ill-saved life that must again return."

THOMPSON.

10. In any right-angled triangle the square which is described upon the side subtending the right angle, is equal to the squares described upon the sides which contain the right angle.

11. If a straight line be bisected and produced to any point; the rectangle contained by the whole line thus produced, together with the square of half the line bisected, is equal to the square of the straight line which is made up of the half and the part produced.

ANSWERS TO THE EXAMINATION PAPER ON SCHOOL

MANAGEMENT.*

(CONTINUED FROM NO. XVIII.)

II. DISCIPLINE.
QUESTION I.

As a want of punctuality and regularity
is more frequently the parent's than the
children's fanlt, the means of impres-
sing the parent must be first considered.

Here the teacher's best hold is in the selfishness of the parent. His great aim therefore should be to form a good school, that it may be felt to be a loss when any of its exercises are missed. He should take some pains too, to make

* The Examination Paper itself will be found in the July number.