MATT.

SECT. XI.

Christ at the House of a Pharisee.

MARK

LUKE XI.

97 Now as he spake, a certain Pharisee entreated him to dine with him: and having entered into his house, he placed himself at table. 38 But when the Pharisee saw it, he wondered, because he had not first washed before dinner. 89 But the Lord said unto him, "Now ye Pharisees make clean the outside of the cup and of the dish; but what is within yourselves, is full of rapine and wickedness. 40 Foolish men! did not he that made that which is without, make that also which is within! 41 But rather give for alms those things which belong to you; and, behold, all things are clean unto you.

43

42 But woe for you, Pharisees! for ye pay tithe of mint and rue and every herb, and pass by justice and the love of God: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave those undone. Woe for you, Pharisees! for ye love the chief seat in the synagogues, and salutations in the market-places. 44 Woe for you! for ye are as tombs which appear not; and the men that are walking over them, know it not."

45 And one of the Lawyers answered and said unto him, "Rabbi, in saying these things thou reproachest us also." 46 But he said, "Woe for you also, ye Lawyers! because ye lade men with burdens grievous to be borne, and ye yourselves touch not the burdens with one of your fingers. 47 Woe for you! because ye build the tombs of the prophets; but your fathers killed them. 48 Truly ye bear testimony and give approbation to the deeds of your fathers: because they indeed killed them, and ye build their tombs."

JOHN

κρισις

• Or, give alms according to your ability, ra evovra, supplying kara.

+ Kuinoel thinks that гpapparevs, Scribe, Noμikos, Lawyer, and Nopodidaσkados, Doctor (or Teacher) of the Law, all mean the same. In the Gospels, Luke alone employs the last, and once only. Henses Νομικός seven times; and besides these cases it occurs only in Matt. xxii. 35. Γραμματεύς is the common appellation; and indeed it appears to be the most generic, denoting all who had the charge of transcribing and interpreting the Law, and deciding on its application. Noμuкоç, perhaps, denoted those whose peculiar office was interpreting the Law, and deciding on legal difficulties; and the Nopodidαokaλot appear to have been the Rabbis of the greatest eminence, who presided in the schools He and other of the of learning; such as Gamailel, to whom Luke applies the appellation in Acts v. 84. Scribes were members of the Sanhedrim.-For want of a better word, Lawyer has been retained as the rendering of Nομικός.

LUKE XI.

49 (Wherefore also the wisdom of God hath said,*
"I will send to them prophets and apostles, and of
them they will kill some and persecute others: 50 80
that the blood of all the prophets, which hath been
shed from the foundation of the world, will be
required from this generation; " from the blood of
Abel, even to the blood of Zachariah who perished
between the altar and the temple: yea I say unto you,
It will be required from this generation"). 52 "Woe
for you, Lawyers! for ye have taken away the key of
knowledge ye have not yourselves entered in, and
them that were entering in ye have hindered."

53 And as he was saying these things unto them,
the Scribes and the Pharisees began to urge him ve
hemently, and to incite him to speak without fore-
thought of many things; " laying wait for him, and
seeking to catch something from his mouth, that
they might accuse him.t

54

JOHN

ὁ οικος

SECT. XII.

The Day of Parables. - Parable of the Sower: Explanation of it: Parable of the Tares: Springing and Growth of Corn: Mustard-seed: Leaven: Explanation of the Parable of the Tares: Hidden Treasure: Merchant seeking Pearls: Fish taken in a Net.

MATT. XIII.

Now on that day Jesus went forth from the house, and sat by the sea side. And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into the vessel, and sat; and the

MARK IV.

LUKE VIII.
AND he began again
Now when a great
to teach by the sea side: multitude were gathered
and a great multitude together, and persons
were gathered together from every city came un-
unto him, so that he to him, he spake by a
entered into the vessel, parable:
and sat on the sea; and
the whole multitude were

JOHN

• The declarations in these verses appear to have been added by the recorder, as what he knew to have been uttered by Christ in a similar connection. See Part VIII. Sect. v. §. 11.

The spirit and purposes of the enemies of Christ are here distinctly displayed. All the circumstances well suit this period of his ministry, when the Sanhedrim (Sect. viii.) had already resolved to put him to death; and when Scribes had come from Jerusalem (Sect. x.) obviously to watch him, and to thwart his influence.-The Pharisee at whose house he now was, appears to have invited him in order to promote such purposes; and the severity of our Lord's language accords with the occasion.

The twelfth chapter-beginning ev oic, in which circumstances, or, during these occurrencesis, in the present edition, transferred to this Part (Sect. xv), so as to connect it, in time, with Sect. x. and xi. See the reasons assigned at the end of this Part.

MATT. XIII.

whole multitude stood on the shore. And he spake many things unto them in parables, saying,

"Behold, the sower went

4

forth to sow; and as he
was sowing, some seeds
fell by the way side, and
the birds came and de-
voured them. And
others fell upon rocky
places, where they had
not much earth: and
forthwith they sprang up,
because they had no
depth of earth: but
when the
they were scorched; and
because they had no
root, they withered away.
7 And others fell upon

MARK IV.

by the sea on the land.

LUKE VIII.

JOHN

And he taught them
many things in parables,
and said unto them in
his teaching, "Heark-
en! Behold, the sower
6 "The sower went
went forth to sow and forth to sow his seed:
it came to pass, as he was and as he was sowing,
sowing, that some seed some seed fell by the way
fell by the way side, and side; and it was trodden
the birds came and de-down, and the birds of
voured it. 5 And other heaven devoured it.
seed fell on rocky ground,
6 And other seed fell
where it had not much upon the rock; and as
earth ; and forthwith soon as it was sprung
it sprang up, because it up, it withered away,
had no depth of earth: because it had not

6

7 And other fell

sun arose, but, when the sun moisture. arose, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away. 7 And other seed fell thorns; and the thorns among thorns, and the in the midst of thorns; came up, and choked thorns came up, and and the thorns sprang choked it, and it yield-up with, and choked it. ed no fruit. 8 And other fell on good ground, and yielded fruit that

them.

8 But others fell upon good ground, and yielded fruit, one a hundred, another came up and increased; sixty, another thirty. and it brought forth,

And other fell on good ground, and sprang up, and bare fruit a hundredfold."

And when he had said these things, he cried, "He that hath ears to hear, let him hear."

10 But when he was 'But his disciples ask-
alone, they that were aed him, saying, "What
bout him with the twelve may this parable be?"
asked him concerning the
parable. And he said
unto them,

"To you it has
been given to know the
mystery of the kingdom
of God: but unto them

that are without, all
these things are taught by
parables:

10 And he said, "To you it
has been given to know
the mysteries of the king-
dom of God: but unto
others in parables;

γίνεται

MATT. XIII.

MARK IV.

LUKE VIII.

JOHN

:

13 For whosoever hath. to him shall be given, and he shall have abundance but whosoever hath not, from him shall be taken away even what he hath. 13 Wherefore I speak to them in parables: because seeing they see not; and hearing they hear not; nor do they understand. 14 And on them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah, which saith, By hearing ye will hear, and yet not understand; and seeing ye will see, and yet not perceive: 15 for the heart of this people is become gross, and their ears are dull of hearing,* and their eyes they have closed; lest at any time they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.'+ 16 But blessed are your eyes, for they see and your ears, for they bear. 17 For verily I say unto you, Many prophets and righteous men have desired to see what ye see, and have not seen; and to hear what ye hear, and have not heard.

:

12 that seeing

they may see, and not per-
ceive: and hearing they
may hear, and not under-
stand;

lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins be for. given them."

that seeing they may not
see; and hearing they
may not understand."§

Is. 6; 9, 10.

• Lit. and with their ears they hear heavily.

+ Newc. so that they see not with their eyes, nor hear with their ears, nor understand with their heart, nor are converted, that I should heal them.

Or, since (iva) seeing they see, and do not perceive; and hearing they hear, and do not under. stand; so that (μηTOTε) they are not converted, and their sins forgiven.-See Kuinoel.

§ Or, since (iva) seeing they do not see; and hearing they do not understand.

129

13 And he saith unto them," Know ye not this parable? how then will ye know all parables? "Now the parable 14 The sower soweth the is this: The seed is the word. 15 Now those by word of God. 12 Those the way side, are they in by the way side, are they whom the word is sown, that hear; then cometh and when they have the devil, and taketh heard, Satan straight away the word from their way cometh, and taketh heart, lest they should away the word that was believe and be saved. sown in their hearts. 13 And they on the rock, 16 And these in like are they, who, when manner are they that they hear, receive the receive seed on the rocky word with joy; and places; who, when they these have not root; have heard the word, who, for a time only heareth the word, and straightway receive it believe, and in time of

18 Hear ye therefore the parable of the sower. 19 When any one heareth the word of the kingdom, and doth not understand, the wicked one cometh, and seizeth that which was sown in his heart: this is he that received seed by the way side. 20 And he that received seed on the rocky places, is he who though he

straightway receiveth it with joy; 21 yet hath not root in himself, but is of short duration: and

when tribulation or persecution ariseth on account of the word, he is

straightway caused to

17

with joy;
yet have
not root in themselves,
but are of short dura-
tion: then, when tribu-
lation or persecution
ariseth on account of the
word, they are straight-
caused to fall.
way

temptation fall away.

fall. 22 And he that 18 And others are they 14 And that which fell
received seed among that receive seed
the thorns, is he that
heareth the word; and
yet the
care of this
world, and the deceitful-
ness of riches, choke the
word, and it becometh
unfruitful.

a-among the thorns, these
mong the thorns: these are they, who, when they
are they that hear the have heard, go away,
word, 19 and the cares and are choked by the
of the world, and the cares and riches and plea-
deceitfulness of riches, sures of life, and bring
and the desires concern-not fruit to perfection.
ing other things, entering
in, choke the word, and
23 But he that it becometh unfruitful.
received seed into the 20 And these are they
good ground, is he that that received seed on
heareth and understand the good ground; those
eth the word; who in- who hear the word, and
deed beareth fruit, and receive it, and bring

But that on the good ground, these are they, who, in an honest and good heart, having heard the word, keep it, and

*OTOν, where. See Kuinoel, who says that the Syriac so renders the clause.

† οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ σπαρείς. Bishop Pearce (here and in the following verses) supplies σπορος seed: but the common rendering is justifiable, and more fully shows the analogy.

R